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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of the US Constitution?
What is the primary purpose of the US Constitution?
What year was the ratification of the US Constitution completed?
What year was the ratification of the US Constitution completed?
How many Amendments are there in the US Constitution?
How many Amendments are there in the US Constitution?
Which branch of government is responsible for interpreting laws?
Which branch of government is responsible for interpreting laws?
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What powers do states retain under police powers?
What powers do states retain under police powers?
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What is the minimum age for an individual to work in non-hazardous jobs with limited hours?
What is the minimum age for an individual to work in non-hazardous jobs with limited hours?
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Under the Fair Labor Standards Act, which type of workers are exempt from receiving overtime pay?
Under the Fair Labor Standards Act, which type of workers are exempt from receiving overtime pay?
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Which federal statute is primarily concerned with preventing discrimination in employment?
Which federal statute is primarily concerned with preventing discrimination in employment?
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How is overtime pay calculated under the Fair Labor Standards Act?
How is overtime pay calculated under the Fair Labor Standards Act?
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What does the Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act (UCITA) establish?
What does the Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act (UCITA) establish?
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Which of the following provisions is included in the Family and Medical Leave Act?
Which of the following provisions is included in the Family and Medical Leave Act?
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Which group is NOT considered a white-collar worker exempt from overtime pay requirements?
Which group is NOT considered a white-collar worker exempt from overtime pay requirements?
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Which federal law aims to ensure the voting rights of African Americans?
Which federal law aims to ensure the voting rights of African Americans?
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What types of cases do limited jurisdiction trial courts typically handle?
What types of cases do limited jurisdiction trial courts typically handle?
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Which court hears appeals from general jurisdiction trial courts?
Which court hears appeals from general jurisdiction trial courts?
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What is a characteristic of federal courts as defined by Article III, section 2 of the Constitution?
What is a characteristic of federal courts as defined by Article III, section 2 of the Constitution?
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Which of the following statements about the State Supreme Court is true?
Which of the following statements about the State Supreme Court is true?
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What is required for a diversity of citizenship case to be heard in federal court?
What is required for a diversity of citizenship case to be heard in federal court?
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Small claims courts generally handle cases involving what dollar amount or less?
Small claims courts generally handle cases involving what dollar amount or less?
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What typically distinguishes general jurisdiction trial courts from limited jurisdiction trial courts?
What typically distinguishes general jurisdiction trial courts from limited jurisdiction trial courts?
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What happens to the decisions made by the State Supreme Court?
What happens to the decisions made by the State Supreme Court?
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What defines a lease according to Article 2A?
What defines a lease according to Article 2A?
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Which of the following individuals is referred to as the lessor in a lease agreement?
Which of the following individuals is referred to as the lessor in a lease agreement?
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What is an exception to the requirement that contracts for the sale of goods costing $500 or more must be in writing?
What is an exception to the requirement that contracts for the sale of goods costing $500 or more must be in writing?
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What does the parol evidence rule state?
What does the parol evidence rule state?
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Which type of employment allows termination without cause at any time?
Which type of employment allows termination without cause at any time?
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What is the implication of wrongful discharge in term employment?
What is the implication of wrongful discharge in term employment?
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Under the public policy exception of at-will employment, which situation would be considered unlawful termination?
Under the public policy exception of at-will employment, which situation would be considered unlawful termination?
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What factors must a document meet to qualify as a negotiable instrument?
What factors must a document meet to qualify as a negotiable instrument?
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What is one of the primary functions of negotiable instruments?
What is one of the primary functions of negotiable instruments?
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Who is the payee in a draft?
Who is the payee in a draft?
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What distinguishes a certificate of deposit from a promissory note?
What distinguishes a certificate of deposit from a promissory note?
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What is a requirement for creating negotiable instruments?
What is a requirement for creating negotiable instruments?
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In a check, who is considered the drawer?
In a check, who is considered the drawer?
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What is typically true about small certificates of deposit?
What is typically true about small certificates of deposit?
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In the context of a draft, who is the drawee?
In the context of a draft, who is the drawee?
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Who is the maker in a promissory note?
Who is the maker in a promissory note?
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What is the primary purpose of worker's compensation?
What is the primary purpose of worker's compensation?
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Which visa allows foreign nationals to work in the U.S. in specialty occupations?
Which visa allows foreign nationals to work in the U.S. in specialty occupations?
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What type of visa is issued to persons seeking temporary entry into the U.S. for tourism?
What type of visa is issued to persons seeking temporary entry into the U.S. for tourism?
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Which of the following visas is designed for investors?
Which of the following visas is designed for investors?
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Under what circumstances can an employer not terminate an employee?
Under what circumstances can an employer not terminate an employee?
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What is a characteristic of the H-2A Temporary Agricultural Worker Visa?
What is a characteristic of the H-2A Temporary Agricultural Worker Visa?
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What is a requirement for businesses under the EB-5 Investor Visa?
What is a requirement for businesses under the EB-5 Investor Visa?
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Which type of visa is specifically for nonagricultural work?
Which type of visa is specifically for nonagricultural work?
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Study Notes
Minimum Wage
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Age and Occupation: Regulations vary based on age. Those under 14 can only work in specific occupations like newspaper delivery with limited hours. Ages 14-15 are restricted to non-hazardous work with limited or unlimited hours depending on the age. Anyone 18 and older can hold any job.
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Minimum Wage and Overtime Pay: Employees generally must be paid the federal minimum wage for all hours worked. Students and apprentices can potentially be paid less. Overtime is time-and-a-half for hours over 40 in a week. There are exceptions for white-collar workers.
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White-Collar Worker Exceptions: Several types of white-collar workers don't have to be paid overtime. These include executives, administrative employees, professionals (learned and creative), highly compensated employees, computer employees, outside sales representatives and teachers.
Federal Statutes
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Civil Rights Act: Prohibits discrimination in employment and public accommodations based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
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Voting Rights Act: Aims to overcome legal barriers to African American voting rights.
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Fair Labor Standards Act: Establishes minimum wage, overtime pay, and child labor standards.
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Family and Medical Leave Act: Grants eligible employees unpaid leave for family and medical reasons, maintaining job protection.
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Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act (UCITA): Sets legal rules for electronic contracts and licenses.
US Constitution
- 1787: The Constitutional Convention was held to strengthen the federal government. The U.S. Constitution was drafted.
Police Powers
- States retain power to regulate business within their borders to protect public health, safety, morals and welfare (police powers). This includes laws related to food and drugs, environmental preservation, and workplace safety.
US Legal System
- English Legal System: Principles from English common law, including established court precedents, became the foundation for early American law.
- State Court System: Limited and General Jurisdiction courts handle misdemeanors, felonies and civil cases, while appellate courts hear appeals. The highest court (State Supreme Court) is the ultimate decision-maker within a given state.
- Federal Court System: Deals with cases involving federal law (federal question). Diversity jurisdiction exists when there are different parties from different states or a foreign country and the amount in controversy exceeds $75,000.
Federal Law
- Federal question cases: Cover cases involving violations of the U.S. Constitution, treaties, and federal statutes/regulations.
- Diversity of citizenship: Cases involving citizens of different states or between a state and a citizen of another country, provided the amount of controversy exceeds the specified threshold.
Contracts
- Definition: A promise or a set of promises that the law will enforce. All parties to a contract are obligated to perform.
- Elements of a Valid Contract: Agreement, Consideration, Contractual Capacity, Lawful Object.
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Types of Contracts: Term contracts have a specific duration, while employment at will can be terminated by either party without cause.
- Contracts for the sale of goods: Governed by Article 2 of the UCC.
- Contracts involving lease of goods/services: Covered by Article 2A of the UCC which will sometimes preempt common law.
Sources of Contract
- Common law of contracts: Primarily developed by state courts.
- Uniform Commercial Code (UCC): Comprehensive approach to commercial transactions incorporating legal concepts governing the sales and leasing of goods. Article 2: Sales / 2A: Leases.
Negligence
- Types of Torts: Intentional torts, unintentional torts (negligence), and strict liability.
- Negligence: Acts which would not have been contemplated by a reasonable person, or the failure to perform actions that are expected of a reasonable person.
Statute of Frauds
- Requiring certain contracts be in writing for their enforceability (e.g. those involving real property, cannot be performed within a year, collateral contracts, promises in consideration of marriage, sale of goods over $500 or more).
Parol Evidence Rule
- Restricts admissibility of evidence outside the four corners of a written contract to prevent disputes. Exceptions to the rule include ambiguities and additional terms.
Negotiable Instruments
- Types: Checks, drafts, promissory notes, and certificates of deposit (CDs)
- Parties: Drawer, drawee, payee, maker.
- Requirements: Written promise to pay, signed by the payer, fixed amount to be paid, time of payment designated.
Wills
- Making a Will: Requirement for sound mind, legal age, in writing, testator's signature, witnesses.
- Types of Wills: Holographic, nuncupative, and formal wills.
Probate
- Procedure to settle the estate of a deceased person, dealing with debts, taxes and distribution of remaining assets as per the will or state law.
Living Wills
- Advance directive (legal document) regarding an individual's wishes for medical treatment in the event of a terminal illness or incapacitation.
- The court will adhere to the patient's wishes.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the US Constitution and employment laws with this quiz. Explore key aspects of the Constitution, including its ratification and amendments, as well as regulation standards in the workplace. Perfect for students and anyone interested in American law.