Podcast
Questions and Answers
What did the 13th Amendment end?
What did the 13th Amendment end?
slavery
What was the loophole in the 13th Amendment?
What was the loophole in the 13th Amendment?
slavery as a punishment for crime
What two rights did the 14th Amendment guarantee?
What two rights did the 14th Amendment guarantee?
citizenship and equal protection under the law
What was the loophole created by the Supreme Court in their Plessy ruling?
What was the loophole created by the Supreme Court in their Plessy ruling?
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What was the Plessy v Ferguson case about?
What was the Plessy v Ferguson case about?
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What does the 15th Amendment guarantee?
What does the 15th Amendment guarantee?
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What was the loophole in the 15th Amendment?
What was the loophole in the 15th Amendment?
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Why was the 14th Amendment considered useless in ending segregation?
Why was the 14th Amendment considered useless in ending segregation?
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Why was the Civil Rights Act of 1964 so important?
Why was the Civil Rights Act of 1964 so important?
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What did Title IV encourage?
What did Title IV encourage?
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What does Title VI prohibit?
What does Title VI prohibit?
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What does Title XI provide?
What does Title XI provide?
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What were some of the ways the government ensured compliance with the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
What were some of the ways the government ensured compliance with the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
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How does the Commerce Clause connect to the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
How does the Commerce Clause connect to the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
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What does Title I bar?
What does Title I bar?
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What did Title II outlaw?
What did Title II outlaw?
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What does Title VII prohibit?
What does Title VII prohibit?
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What are the four protected classes covered under Title II?
What are the four protected classes covered under Title II?
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What were several additional classes added in subsequent legislation?
What were several additional classes added in subsequent legislation?
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Study Notes
13th Amendment
- Abolished slavery in the United States.
- Allows slavery as a punishment for crime, creating a loophole.
14th Amendment
- Grants citizenship to all born or naturalized in the U.S., including former slaves.
- Prohibits states from denying due process and equal protection under the law.
- Introduced the “separate but equal” doctrine through Supreme Court loopholes.
Plessy v. Ferguson
- Supreme Court case that legitimized "separate but equal" facilities for races.
- Ruled against Plessy's claim of constitutional rights violation, upholding Jim Crow laws.
15th Amendment
- Prohibits voting discrimination based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
- Loopholes included literacy tests, civics tests, and grandfather clauses.
Ineffectiveness of the 14th Amendment
- Although it granted citizenship, many Black individuals were still disenfranchised due to barriers like literacy tests.
Civil Rights Act of 1964
- Significant legislation that ended segregation in public places.
- Banned employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
Title IV
- Encouraged desegregation of public schools.
- Empowered the U.S. Attorney General to enforce desegregation through lawsuits.
Title VI
- Prohibits discrimination based on race, color, and national origin in federally assisted programs.
Title XI
- Grants defendants the right to a jury trial for specific criminal contempt cases related to the Act.
- Maximum penalties include fines up to $1,000 or six months imprisonment.
Government Enforcement of the Civil Rights Act
- Compliance ensured through the provisions of Titles IV, VI, and XI.
Commerce Clause Connection
- Allows Congress to regulate interstate commerce, thus prohibiting discrimination in businesses involved in such trade.
- Utilized to ensure desegregation in both private and public sectors.
Title I
- Bars unequal voter registration practices, though it does not eliminate literacy tests.
Title II
- Outlaws discrimination in public accommodations related to interstate commerce, with exceptions for private clubs.
Title VII
- Prohibits employment discrimination by private employers based on race, color, religion, and national origin, later expanded to include sex and pregnancy.
Protected Classes Under Title II
- Includes race, color, religion, and national origin.
Additional Protected Classes in Subsequent Legislation
- Expanded to cover disabled individuals, age, pregnancy, and parental status.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the 13th and 14th Amendments of the United States. This quiz covers the abolition of slavery and the rights guaranteed by the 14th Amendment, along with the loopholes created in legal rulings. Discover key historical concepts through engaging flashcards.
