10 Questions
What is the purpose of adding an equal volume of 50% alcohol to a urine specimen?
To preserve the specimen in case of an unavoidable delay
What type of urine specimen is required for a urine culture and sensitivity test?
A clean, covered container with a random sample
What is the effect of a high or low urine pH on a urine culture and sensitivity test?
It yields erroneous results
What is the primary purpose of a urine drug specimen?
To detect illicit use of recreational drugs
What is the purpose of a urine culture and sensitivity test?
To diagnose a urinary tract infection
What would require recollection of a urine specimen?
A high or low urine pH
What is involved in a urine culture and sensitivity test?
Placing a measured portion of urine on a special nutrient medium
What is the significance of a urine culture and sensitivity test?
It diagnoses a urinary tract infection
Why is a urine drug specimen collected?
To detect illicit use of recreational drugs
What is the purpose of monitoring therapeutic drug use?
To minimize withdrawal symptoms
Study Notes
Urine Collection Methods
- Tolerance Test Specimen: requires collection of urine at specific times corresponding to blood collection (e.g. fasting, 1/2-hour, 1 hour, etc.)
- Regular Voided Urine: no special patient preparation, collected in a clean urine container
- Midstream Clean-Catch Specimen: collected in a sterile container, suitable for microbial analysis or culture and sensitivity testing
Catheterized Specimen
- Collected from a sterile catheter inserted through the urethra into the bladder
- Urine must be collected in a sterile container, following midstream clean-catch procedures
Other Urine Tests
- Numerous chemistry tests, including electrophoresis, tests for heavy metals, myoglobin clearance, creatinine clearance, and porphyrins
- Many tests require a pooled timed specimen, such as a 24-hour collection
Urine Cytology Studies
- Performed to detect cancer, cytomegalovirus, and other viral and inflammatory diseases of the bladder and urinary system
- Prepared from urinary sediment or filtrate, and examined under a microscope for abnormal cells
Types of Urine Specimens
- Random: can be collected at any time, primarily used for routine urinalysis and screening tests
- First Morning Urine/8-Hour Specimen: collected after an overnight fast, tested for glucose
Urine Drug Specimen
- Performed to detect illicit drug use, anabolic steroid use, and unwarranted prescription drug use
- Also used to monitor therapeutic drug use and confirm a diagnosis of drug overdose
Urine Culture and Sensitivity
- Test requested for patients with symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI)
- Involves placing a measured portion of urine on a special nutrient medium, identifying any microorganisms that grow
This quiz covers the different methods of urine collection, including tolerance test specimens and regular voided urine collections. It details the procedures and requirements for each method.
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