Urinary Tract Infections and Kidney Disease Symptoms
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of a urine culture?

  • Measuring the specific gravity of the urine
  • Determining the pH of the urine
  • Identifying the type of bacteria present (correct)
  • Detecting the presence of yeast or parasites

Which of the following is a complication of UTIs?

  • Gallstones
  • Bacteremia (correct)
  • Kidney stones
  • Hypertension

What is the name of the test that measures the levels of creatinine and albumin?

  • CMP (correct)
  • Urine culture
  • Urine analysis
  • Creatinine clearance test

What is the term for the colonization of the urine and infection of any part of the urinary tract?

<p>Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common infecting organism in asymptomatic bacteriuria?

<p>E. coli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of kidney injury in deposition of soluble circulating antibodies?

<p>Complement binding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of nephrotic syndrome?

<p>Proteinuria &gt;3.5 gm/day (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the usual age range for primary renal disease associated with lipoid nephrosis?

<p>Children under 15 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of glomerulonephritis is associated with subendothelial linear deposits of dense bodies?

<p>Type I lesions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between nephrotic and nephritic syndrome?

<p>Loss of protein versus blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process in which antibodies react with antigens in the glomeruli?

<p>In-situ reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for cholecystectomy in patients with cholelithiasis?

<p>Symptomatic gallstones or development of complications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a risk factor for developing cholelithiasis?

<p>Family history (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of polyps in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis?

<p>They are initially benign but can become malignant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common cause of hematuria in children?

<p>IgA nephropathy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated percentage of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis who develop hypertrophy of the RPE?

<p>90% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of all cases of colorectal cancer attributed to familial adenomatous polyposis?

<p>1% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of glomerular deposit in IgA nephropathy?

<p>Intramembranous granular 'lumpy bumpy' deposit of dense bodies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of inheritance of familial adenomatous polyposis?

<p>Autosomal dominant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of cases of hematuria in adults caused by IgA nephropathy?

<p>5% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has been the trend in the prevalence of nephrolithiasis over the past 20 years?

<p>It has increased from 3.2% to 5.2% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of urinary tract malignancies associated with bladder cancer?

<p>75% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of acute pyelonephritis?

<p>Gram-negative bacterial infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of acute pyelonephritis?

<p>Flank pain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is acute pyelonephritis commonly acquired?

<p>By ascending bacterial infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common laboratory finding in urine sediment?

<p>Pyuria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common organism causing acute pyelonephritis?

<p>E. coli (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk factor for developing acute pyelonephritis?

<p>Diabetes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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