Urinary System and Nursing Practices

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of nursing practices related to the urinary system?

  • To perform necessary interventions regarding the urinary system. (correct)
  • To administer vaccinations.
  • To conduct psychological evaluations
  • To diagnose cardiovascular diseases.

What is the main function of the kidneys in the urinary system?

  • Storage of urine
  • Excretion of urine from the body
  • Transport of urine to the bladder
  • First formation of urine (correct)

What role do the ureters play in the urinary system?

  • Excreting urine from the body
  • Storing urine
  • Filtering blood
  • Carrying urine from the kidneys to the bladder (correct)

What is the primary function of the urinary bladder?

<p>Storing urine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the urethra in the urinary system?

<p>Allow passage of urine from the bladder to the exterior of the body. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the urinary system, what does the term 'micturition' refer to?

<p>The act of urination. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical amount of urine produced by a healthy person per day?

<p>1000-1500 ml (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is characterized by a urine output of less than 500mL/day?

<p>Oliguria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the condition of having increased volume of urine, more than 2 liters in 24 hours?

<p>Polyuria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for painful or difficult urination?

<p>Dysuria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe involuntary urination during sleep?

<p>Enuresis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the need to urinate more than once a night, which wakes an individual from deep sleep?

<p>Nocturia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best description of urinary retention?

<p>Accumulation of urine in the bladder due to the inability to urinate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of urinary tract infection?

<p>Bladder or urethra infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it recommended to encourage comfortable sitting positions for a patient with urinary excretion difficulties?

<p>To promote relaxation of the perineal muscles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What nursing intervention can be applied to promote urination, other than providing prescribed medication?

<p>Applying manual pressure on the bladder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When stimulating the urinating reflex, which area of the body is commonly targeted?

<p>The inner surface of the thighs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a urinary catheter?

<p>To collect urine from the bladder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a doctor recommend the use of a urinary catheter for a patient?

<p>When the patient is unable to control urination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of urinary catheter is typically used for short-term catheterization?

<p>Nelaton catheter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of the Nelaton catheter?

<p>It is a non-permanent catheter with only one lumen. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of catheter is preferred for applications longer than 3 weeks?

<p>Foley catheter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature that distinguishes a Foley catheter from a Nelaton catheter?

<p>A Foley catheter is a permanent catheter and has more than one lumen. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be considered when selecting a catheter for urinary catheterization?

<p>The patient's age and gender (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the typical catheter sizes used for women?

<p>14-16 Fr (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended inflation volume for balloons in urinary catheters for adult patients?

<p>10 ml (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical position for a male patient during urinary catheterization?

<p>Supine position (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate position for a female patient during urinary catheterization?

<p>Dorsal recumbent position (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During urinary catheterization, why should the genital area be cleaned multiple times with an antiseptic solution?

<p>To prevent infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During catheterization, what is the purpose of applying a lubricant?

<p>To reduce friction during insertion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical step when connecting a catheter to a drainage system?

<p>Maintaining sterile technique (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common complication associated with urinary catheters?

<p>Urinary tract infections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Before removing a urinary catheter, what action should be taken concerning the balloon?

<p>Deflate the catheter balloon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What exercises are important to perform before removing a urinary catheter?

<p>Bladder exercises (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended frequency for replacing a condom catheter to avoid irritation?

<p>Every 24 hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication associated with the use of condom catheters?

<p>Bacteriuria and urinary tract infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary distinction of suprapubic catheterization?

<p>The catheter is placed in the bladder over the pubis through a surgical procedure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of bladder irrigation?

<p>To cleanse the urinary bladder with a specified solution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is clean intermittent catheterization typically administered?

<p>By the patient or caregiver at certain intervals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During urinary catheter care, what is a key measure to prevent urine backflow into the bladder?

<p>Keeping the urine bag below the bladder level (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often should a urine bag be emptied, according to standard urinary catheter care guidelines?

<p>Every 8 hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the passage of urine through the urinary system?

<p>Kidneys -&gt; Ureters -&gt; Bladder -&gt; Urethra (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a healthy adult, what is the approximate amount of urine expected to be produced per hour?

<p>50 mL (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors has the least direct impact on urine excretion?

<p>Respiratory rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient reports being unable to urinate for several hours and is experiencing bladder distention. What condition is the patient most likely experiencing?

<p>Urinary retention (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consideration when determining the duration of catheterization?

<p>Anticipated length of urinary assistance required (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient is scheduled for a urinary catheter insertion. What action should the nurse perform immediately prior to the procedure?

<p>Assess the patient's allergy history (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between a Nelaton catheter and a Foley catheter?

<p>A Nelaton catheter is a Non-permanent catheter type. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to use sterile water for inflating the balloon of a Foley catheter?

<p>Sterile water prevents infection and irritation to the bladder (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for cleaning the genital area with an antiseptic solution multiple times during urinary catheterization?

<p>To ensure complete removal of all microorganisms to prevent infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During urinary catheterization, what could be the most significant consequence of not maintaining sterility?

<p>Urinary tract infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to ensure that the catheter is properly connected to a drainage system when performing urinary catheterization?

<p>To maintain the sterility of the system and prevent backflow of urine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Before removing a urinary catheter, which action is most important for the nurse to perform?

<p>Deflate the catheter balloon completely (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an important bladder exercise to perform before removing a urinary catheter?

<p>Clamping the catheter for 1-2 hours, then opening it for 10 minutes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a patient using a condom catheter, what is the recommended frequency for replacing the device to prevent skin irritation?

<p>Every 24 hours (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of suprapubic catheterization that distinguishes it from other catheterization methods?

<p>It involves surgical placement of the catheter through the abdominal wall. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following scenarios would bladder irrigation be most appropriate?

<p>To flush out blood clots and debris from the bladder after surgery. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action is essential to prevent urine backflow into the bladder during urinary catheter care?

<p>Ensuring the urine bag is positioned below the bladder level. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to standard urinary catheter care guidelines, what is the maximum recommended frequency for emptying a urine bag?

<p>Every 8 hours (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate action to take if a nurse observes signs of irritation at the catheter insertion site?

<p>Assess for potential causes of irritation and report findings. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What are Kidneys?

Organs that filter blood, producing urine as a waste product.

What are Ureters?

Tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

What is the Urinary bladder?

A sac-like organ used for the storage of urine.

What is the Urethra?

The tube through which urine passes from the bladder to the exterior of the body.

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What is the Urinary system?

Produces, stores and eliminates urine, filtering wastes and extra water from blood to maintain homeostasis.

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What is Micturition (urination)?

The act of the bladder contracting and urine being excreted from the body through the urethra.

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What is Oliguria?

Output of urine less than 500mL/day.

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What is Anuria?

Output of urine less than 50mL/day or inability to urinate at all.

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What is Polyuria?

Increased volume of urine/More than 2 liters of urine in 24 hours.

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What is Dysuria?

Painful or difficult urination.

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What is Enuresis?

Involuntary urination during sleep.

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What is Nocturia?

The need to urinate more than once a night that wakes the individual from sleep.

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What is Incontinence?

Involuntary loss of urine.

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What is Urinary Retention?

Accumulation of urine within the bladder caused by the inability to urinate.

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What is Urinary Incontinence?

Involuntary loss of urine.

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What is a Urinary Tract Infection?

A bacterial infection of any part of the urinary tract, including the bladder, kidneys, ureters, and urethra.

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What is a Urinary Catheter?

A hollow, partially flexible tube that collects urine from the bladder and leads to a drainage bag.

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What is a Nelaton Catheter?

A non-permanent catheter type; short-term catheter (intermittent catheters) with only one lumen channel.

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What is a Foley Catheter?

A type of permanent catheter, preferred for applications longer than 3 weeks with more than one lumen.

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What is Clean Urine Sample?

To take sterile urine sample from a non-catheter patient (taking a middle urine sample.)

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Taking Sterile Urine Sample

Small sterile containers are used for the sample. The inside of the container and the inside of the cover should not be touched.

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What is Urinary Catheter Care?

Inserted using aseptic technique and sterile material.

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To prevent

To prevent the risk of infection, the catheter should be inserted using aseptic technique and sterile material.and properly fixed.

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Catheter transfer

The bag must be drained and the connections closed.

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Study Notes

  • The lecture discusses the urinary system and its applications in nursing practices
  • Assist. Prof. Dr. Funda KARAMAN is the lecturer for this presentation

Aim

  • The primary focus of the lecture is to enable nursing practices related to the urinary system

Purposes

  • Applies appropriate nursing interventions for diagnosing and treating urinary system issues

Course Content

  • The course is centered on the urinary system and its practical applications

Urinary System Organs

  • Kidneys are located in the lumbar region and primarily responsible for the formation of urine
  • Ureters are a pair of tubes, carrying urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder
  • The urinary bladder is a sac-like, hollow organ that stores urine
  • The urethra is the tube through which urine passes, from the bladder to the body's exterior
  • Vulva is the female external genitalia
  • Meatus indicates where the urethra opens to the outside
  • Penis serves as the male sex and urinary excretory organ
  • Perineum is a mass of skin, muscle, and connective tissue located between the vagina and anus in women

Urinary System Overview

  • The urinary system, also known as the renal system, produces, stores, and eliminates urine
  • Kidneys filter wastes and extra water from blood to create urine
  • Homeostasis is maintained through the urinary system

Urine Production and Excretion

  • Through blood circulation, inorganic salts, nitrogenous substances, and water enter the kidneys
  • Urine is produced in the kidneys
  • Ureters use rhythmic movements to transmit urine to the urinary bladder
  • Urine is excreted through the urethra when urination occurs

Micturition (Urination)

  • The bladder contracts during urination
  • Urine is excreted from the body via the urethra

Urine Volume and Frequency

  • The need for excretion arises when the bladder contains 250-500 ml of urine
  • A healthy person produces about 50 ml of urine per hour, totaling 1000-1500 ml per day
  • In a 24-hour period, urine excretion happens 4-6 times

Factors Affecting Urine Excretion

  • Age and development
  • Socio-cultural factors
  • Psychological factors
  • Fluid intake
  • Diseases
  • Surgical interventions
  • Medicines

Terminology

  • Oliguria means less than 500mL/day output

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