Urinary System Anatomy Quiz: Test Your Knowledge

Study Notes

Urinary System Anatomy

The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
The primary function of the urinary system is to remove toxins and waste products from the blood and body.

Urinary System Organs and Functions

The kidneys, ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra are the major organs of the urinary system.
These organs are responsible for creating and removing urine from the body.

Gross Anatomy of the Kidneys

There are two kidneys located in the right and left lower quadrants of the body, towards the posterior aspect.
The kidneys are brown and shaped like beans.
The adrenal glands are situated on top of the kidneys and release hormones like aldosterone and cortisol into the blood.
The kidneys receive their blood supply from the right and left renal arteries, which branch out from the aorta.
The main functions of the kidneys are: creating urine, maintaining the balance of water and electrolytes, and transporting urine to the ureters.

Nephron System

A nephron is the functional unit of a kidney.
Each nephron contains a glomerulus and various tubules.
The nephrons filter blood to make urine.
The tubules have a specific function and filtration systems that allow retention and secretion of specific ions and fluids.

Gross Anatomy of the Liver

The liver is not a part of the urinary system, but it is the most important organ that detoxifies the blood and body.
The liver is a brown-colored, triangular-shaped, large organ located in the top right quadrant of the abdomen.
The liver is responsible for the breakdown and removal of waste products, creation of bile, storage of glycogen, and production of proteins necessary for blood clotting.

Gross Anatomy of the Ureters, Bladder, and Urethra

The ureters are present bilaterally on both sides, connecting to each kidney, and are about 25 cm in length.
The ureters are divided into abdominal and pelvic ureters depending on the area of the body.
The primary function of the ureters is to transport urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
The urinary bladder is present in the pelvic cavity and changes shape with the amount of urine present.
The bladder is divided into: apex, body, fundus or base, and neck.
The primary function of the urinary bladder is to store urine temporarily and transport it to the urethra.
The urethra is about 4cm long in females and 15-20cm in males, and is the last conduit for urine before it passes outside.

Description

Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Understand the structure and function of each organ in the urinary system and how they work together to remove waste from the body.