Urinary System Anatomy and Functions

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Which nerve plays a crucial role in regulating appetite and satiety?

Vagus nerve (CN X) (correct)

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Hypoglossal nerve

Phrenic nerve

What is the primary function of salivary amylase in the oral cavity?

Breaking down carbohydrates into simple sugars (correct)

Breaking down proteins into peptides

Breaking down nucleic acids into nucleotides

Breaking down fats into fatty acids

What is the main function of villi in the small intestine?

Absorption of nutrients (correct)

Mechanical breakdown of food

Secretion of digestive enzymes

Production of bile salts

What is the primary function of the esophagus in the digestive system?

Transportation of food to the stomach Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of lingual lipase in the oral cavity?

Breaking down fats into fatty acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the parietal cells in the stomach?

Production of hydrochloric acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of filtrate reabsorbed by the PCT?

65% Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

Regulates GFR without external control Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the nephron loop?

Reabsorption of solutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the hormone that increases GFR?

Atrial natriuretic peptide Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the structure that filters plasma?

Glomerulus Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the renal capsule?

Supports the kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the ureters?

Transports urine to the bladder Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the layer of connective tissue that supports the kidneys?

Renal fascia Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the hormone that helps regulate water reabsorption?

Antidiuretic hormone Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of urinary pH?

4.5 to 8.2 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nerves is involved in the parasympathetic stimulation of salivary secretion?

CN VII Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the vermillion border of the lips?

Food retention and movement Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is NOT a part of the esophagus?

Gastric rugae Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the circular folds in the small intestine?

Absorption of nutrients Signup and view all the answers

Which salivary gland secretes lysozyme?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the myenteric plexus in the enteric nervous system?

Control of gut motility Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of the small intestine?

Absorption of vitamins and minerals Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the salivary enzyme amylase?

Breakdown of carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the oral cavity?

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the lingual lipase in the oral cavity?

Emulsification of fats Signup and view all the answers