Questions and Answers
What are the two major structures that make up a nephron?
Renal corpuscle and Renal tubule
What two structures make up the renal corpuscle?
Glomerular capsule (Bowman's Capsule) and Glomerulus
What is another name for the capsular space?
Bowman's Space
Define Glomerulus and explain the blood flow of glomerulus.
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What are the main structures and functions of the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)?
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What force drives glomerular filtration? What is filtrate?
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Study Notes
Nephron Structure
- Nephron consists of two major structures: renal corpuscle and renal tubule.
- Renal corpuscle is responsible for the production of filtrate.
Renal Corpuscle Components
- Composed of two structures:
- Glomerular capsule (Bowman's Capsule): a cup-shaped chamber that collects filtrate.
- Glomerulus: a network of 50 intertwined capillaries that plays a role in filtration.
Capsular Space
- Also known as Bowman's Space, where the filtrate is collected after filtration from glomerulus.
Glomerulus Function and Blood Flow
- Specialized capillary bed essential for renal function.
- Blood enters through a large afferent arteriole and exits through a narrow efferent arteriole.
- Blood from the efferent arteriole flows into peritubular capillaries, draining into small venules, and returning to the venous system.
Juxtaglomerular Apparatus (JGA)
- Comprises macula densa and juxtaglomerular cells.
- Secretes important hormones: erythropoietin (regulates red blood cell production) and renin (involved in blood pressure regulation).
Glomerular Filtration
- Filtration occurs exclusively in the renal corpuscle.
- Driven by blood pressure that forces water and dissolved solutes out of glomerular capillaries into Bowman's capsule.
- Filtrate is a protein-free solution, resembling blood plasma in composition.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the urinary system with this flashcard quiz focusing on nephron structure and function. Dive into the details of the renal corpuscle and its components, including the glomerular capsule and glomerulus.
