Urinary Elimination in Nursing

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Questions and Answers

What characteristic indicates stronger urine concentration?

  • Pale yellow color
  • Characteristic odour
  • Dark amber color (correct)
  • Clear appearance

Which nursing diagnosis is associated with urinary retention?

  • Impaired skin integrity
  • Pain (correct)
  • Urinary incontinence
  • Self-care deficit

Which intervention is NOT effective in promoting regular micturition?

  • Encouraging regular bowel habits
  • Discouraging fluid intake (correct)
  • Maintaining adequate fluid intake
  • Avoiding holding urine

What is a common symptom of urinary incontinence?

<p>Frequent urination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method can help prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs)?

<p>Drinking cranberry juice (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of the Valsalva manoeuvre on the human body?

<p>Causes increased abdominal pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes paralytic ileus?

<p>Complete absence of peristaltic movement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of laxatives?

<p>To stimulate bowel movements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nursing interventions best promotes complete bladder emptying?

<p>Suggest deep breathing exercises during voiding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of cranberry juice in urinary health?

<p>To lower urine pH and prevent UTIs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a collection of hardened feces that the individual cannot expel?

<p>Impaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the Valsalva manoeuvre, what physiological action occurs?

<p>Increased abdominal pressure with closed airway (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of habit training in promoting urinary health?

<p>To maintain regular patterns of micturition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the function of peristalsis in the digestive system?

<p>It creates involuntary muscle contractions to move food (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which recommendation is most effective in preventing urinary tract infections (UTIs)?

<p>Encourage regular fluid intake and hygiene practices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is typically observed in a patient with disturbed body image related to urinary issues?

<p>Personal neglect in self-care practices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of urine concentration?

<p>More concentrated equals stronger (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Urinary incontinence refers to the involuntary loss of urine.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of promoting regular micturition?

<p>To prevent urinary retention and maintain bladder health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that cannot be expelled is called __________.

<p>impaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Flatus = Air or gas passed through the rectum Laxatives = Medications or foods stimulating bowel movements Paralytic Ileus = Complete absence of peristaltic movement Mastication = To chew food</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions can help prevent urinary tract infections?

<p>Drinking cranberry juice (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Deep breathing exercises during voiding can aid in complete bladder emptying.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of peristalsis in the digestive system?

<p>To move food in one direction through the digestive tract.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ manoeuvre occurs when an individual tries to exhale while the mouth, nose, and glottis are closed.

<p>Valsalva</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended limit for fluid intake before bedtime to prevent urinary issues?

<p>2 hours before (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Flatulence

Air or gas passing through the rectum.

Impaction

Hardened feces stuck in the rectum, unable to be expelled.

Laxatives

Medications or foods used to stimulate bowel movements.

Mastication

The act of chewing food.

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Paralytic ileus

Lack of bowel movement due to a lack of muscle contractions.

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Peristalsis

Involuntary muscle contractions that move food through the digestive system.

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Valsalva maneuver

Exhaling with a closed mouth, nose, and throat.

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Promoting Complete Emptying of Bladder

Encouraging patients to fully empty their bladder by taking their time and potentially using additional techniques when necessary.

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Disturbed Body Image

An altered perception of one's body, often related to physical changes or limitations. This can lead to feelings of shame, anxiety, and social withdrawal.

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Urinary Retention

Inability to fully empty the bladder, leading to urine buildup and discomfort. Various factors can contribute, including medication side effects, nerve damage, or urinary tract obstruction.

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Sensory Stimuli

Using various senses to aid in relaxing and promoting urination. This could involve warm water, soothing sounds, or aromatherapy.

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Post-Void Residual Volume

The amount of urine remaining in the bladder after urination. Measuring it can help determine if the bladder is emptying fully.

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Cranberry Juice

A beverage that can help prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs) by lowering urine pH and making it less hospitable to bacteria.

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Urinary Irrigation

A procedure where fluid is introduced into the bladder to cleanse it or flush out blood clots, debris, or infection.

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Disturbed Body Image (related to incontinence)

Feeling negative about oneself due to urinary leakage, impacting personal well-being and social interaction.

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Self-Care Deficit: Toileting

Inability to independently perform toileting activities due to physical limitations or cognitive impairments.

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Urinary Incontinence

Involuntary leakage of urine, often due to weakened bladder muscles or nerve damage.

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Stimulating Micturition Reflex

Activities that encourage the bladder to contract and trigger urination.

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Habit Training (for bladder control)

Establishing a regular schedule for bathroom breaks to improve bladder control.

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Deep Breathing Techniques (for bladder control)

Using controlled breathing exercises to relax the bladder muscles and potentially improve urination.

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Post-Void Residual (PVR) Volume

The amount of urine remaining in the bladder after urination, indicating incomplete emptying.

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Intermittent Catheterization

A method to drain urine from the bladder using a catheter inserted periodically.

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Cranberry Juice and UTI Prevention

Consuming cranberry juice can help lower urine pH, which may create an unfavorable environment for bacteria that cause UTIs.

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Study Notes

Urinary Elimination

  • Characteristics of urine: Urine has a characteristic odour; stronger odour indicates higher concentration.
  • Nursing diagnoses related to urinary elimination: Disturbed body image, pain, self-care deficit (toileting), impaired skin integrity, impaired urinary elimination, urinary incontinence, and urinary retention are examples of nursing diagnoses related to urinary elimination.
  • Promoting regular micturition: Stimulate the micturition reflex, maintain regular elimination patterns, avoid holding urine, encourage regular voiding and complete emptying, encourage regular bowel habits, use sensory stimuli to relax, maintain adequate fluid intake, discourage caffeinated beverages, avoid fluids 2 hours before bed, avoid bladder irritants, and habit training are strategies.
  • Promoting complete bladder emptying: Encourage patients to take their time voiding, use deep breathing exercises during voiding, repeat attempts if the bladder doesn't feel empty, consider intermittent catheterization if post-void residual volumes are high.
  • Preventing UTIs: Encourage proper perineal care after voiding or bowel movements, maintain adequate fluid intake, discourage extremely concentrated or dilute urine, promote an acidic urine environment, and use cranberry juice to lower urine pH.
  • Urinary procedures in acute care: Preparation for surgery, urinary irrigations, collection of sterile specimens, measurement of residual urine, and measurement of output are procedures in acute care.
  • Intermittent vs. Indwelling Catheters: These may be used intermittently or indwelling.

Bowel Elimination

  • Flatus: Air or gas in the intestine passed through the rectum.
  • Impaction: Hardened feces wedged in the rectum, preventing expulsion. Results from unrelieved constipation.
  • Laxatives: Medications or foods that stimulate bowel movements.
  • Mastication: The process of chewing.
  • Paralytic ileus: Complete absence of peristaltic movement, often following abdominal surgery or complete bowel obstruction.
  • Peristalsis: Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that move food through the digestive system.
  • Valsalva manoeuvre: Exhaling with a closed mouth, nose, and glottis.

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