Podcast
Questions and Answers
A patient reports experiencing a burning sensation during urination, frequent urges to urinate, and cloudy urine. Which condition is MOST likely indicated by these symptoms?
A patient reports experiencing a burning sensation during urination, frequent urges to urinate, and cloudy urine. Which condition is MOST likely indicated by these symptoms?
- Stress incontinence related to weakened pelvic floor muscles.
- Urinary retention due to bladder outlet obstruction.
- Overactive bladder causing urge incontinence.
- Urinary tract infection (UTI). (correct)
A patient taking a loop diuretic like furosemide is MOST at risk for developing which of the following electrolyte imbalances?
A patient taking a loop diuretic like furosemide is MOST at risk for developing which of the following electrolyte imbalances?
- Hypermagnesemia (elevated magnesium).
- Hyperkalemia (elevated potassium).
- Hyponatremia (low sodium). (correct)
- Hypercalcemia (elevated calcium).
To manage chronic constipation, a patient is advised to increase their daily fiber intake. Which dietary change is MOST appropriate to achieve this?
To manage chronic constipation, a patient is advised to increase their daily fiber intake. Which dietary change is MOST appropriate to achieve this?
- Incorporating more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains into meals. (correct)
- Consuming more processed foods and limiting fruit intake to once per day.
- Replacing whole grains with refined grains and increasing lean meat consumption.
- Decreasing fluid intake to promote more solid bowel movements.
An elderly patient is experiencing decreased enzyme production and slower intestinal motility. These changes will MOST likely impact which digestive process?
An elderly patient is experiencing decreased enzyme production and slower intestinal motility. These changes will MOST likely impact which digestive process?
During the administration of an enema, a patient reports cramping and discomfort. What is the MOST appropriate initial nursing intervention?
During the administration of an enema, a patient reports cramping and discomfort. What is the MOST appropriate initial nursing intervention?
A nurse is assessing a patient's stoma and observes it to be pale in color with some surrounding skin irritation. Which of the following actions is MOST appropriate?
A nurse is assessing a patient's stoma and observes it to be pale in color with some surrounding skin irritation. Which of the following actions is MOST appropriate?
A patient with an ileostomy reports frequent liquid stool output. What is the MOST important nursing intervention to prevent complications?
A patient with an ileostomy reports frequent liquid stool output. What is the MOST important nursing intervention to prevent complications?
After inserting a nasogastric (NG) tube, which method is considered MOST reliable for verifying proper placement before initiating tube feedings?
After inserting a nasogastric (NG) tube, which method is considered MOST reliable for verifying proper placement before initiating tube feedings?
During a conversation with a patient, the nurse actively listens, uses open-ended questions, and reflects on the patient's feelings. Which communication technique is the nurse employing?
During a conversation with a patient, the nurse actively listens, uses open-ended questions, and reflects on the patient's feelings. Which communication technique is the nurse employing?
A nurse observes a colleague consistently agreeing with everyone but later complaining about the decisions behind their backs. Which communication style is the colleague MOST likely exhibiting?
A nurse observes a colleague consistently agreeing with everyone but later complaining about the decisions behind their backs. Which communication style is the colleague MOST likely exhibiting?
Flashcards
Signs and Symptoms of UTI
Signs and Symptoms of UTI
Frequent urination, burning sensation, cloudy urine, fever, lower abdominal pain.
Urinary Retention Assessment
Urinary Retention Assessment
Inability to fully empty the bladder, discomfort, bladder distension, post-void residual volume measurement.
Stress Incontinence
Stress Incontinence
Leakage with sneezing/coughing.
Patient Education for Constipation
Patient Education for Constipation
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Function of the Large Intestine
Function of the Large Intestine
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Care of a Patient with a Stoma
Care of a Patient with a Stoma
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Ileostomy Stool
Ileostomy Stool
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Nasogastric (NG) Tube Insertion & Care
Nasogastric (NG) Tube Insertion & Care
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Assertive Communication
Assertive Communication
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Therapeutic Communication
Therapeutic Communication
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Study Notes
Urinary Elimination
- UTI symptoms include frequent urination, burning sensation, cloudy urine, fever, and lower abdominal pain.
- Urinary retention assessment involves checking for the inability to fully empty the bladder, discomfort, bladder distension, and measuring post-void residual volume.
- Diuretics include loop, thiazide, and potassium-sparing types.
- Diuretics can cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalance as side effects.
- External female urinary catheters are for non-invasive urine collection.
- When using external female urinary catheters regularly monitor for skin irritation and infection.
- Stress incontinence presents as leakage with sneezing or coughing.
- Urge incontinence presents as a sudden urge to urinate.
- Reflux incontinence presents as the bladder overfilling without sensation.
- Overflow incontinence presents as constant dribbling due to incomplete emptying.
Bowel Elimination
- Constipation might result from low fiber intake, dehydration, inactivity, and certain medications.
- To prevent constipation, increase fiber intake, stay hydrated, exercise regularly, and establish a bowel routine.
- The large intestine absorbs water, forms stool, and houses gut microbiota.
- Aging can cause slower motility, decreased enzyme production, and reduced absorption in the digestive system.
- Rectal cancer, GERD, and heartburn can be screened for with a fecal occult blood test, colonoscopy, and endoscopy, respectively.
- When administering an enema, position the patient in the left Sim’s position, lubricate the tip, insert gently, and encourage the patient to retain the solution as long as possible.
- A fecal occult blood test is completed by collecting a stool sample, applying it to a test card, and observing for color change, which indicates blood.
Stoma Care & NG Tubes
- Stoma care involves assessing the stoma color (should be pink/red), cleaning with warm water, and ensuring the appliance fits properly.
- Stoma assessment includes looking for skin irritation, leakage, and proper stool consistency.
- Ileostomy stool is liquid, while colostomy stool is formed.
- An ileal conduit is a urinary diversion from the ileum that requires an external pouching system.
- A nasogastric (NG) tube is inserted via the nose to the stomach.
- NG tube placement is confirmed with an X-ray or pH test.
- Regularly monitor for aspiration risk with NG tubes.
Communication
- Passive communication avoids conflict.
- Aggressive communication dominates conversation.
- Assertive communication is clear and respectful.
- Passive-aggressive communication involves indirect resistance.
- Strategies to enhance communication include active listening, empathy, and open-ended questions.
- Barriers to effective communication include language differences, distractions, and emotional barriers.
- Berlo’s Model of Communication includes the sender, message, channel, receiver, and feedback.
- Therapeutic communication encourages patient expression, uses open-ended questions, and shows empathy.
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