Ureter and Kidney Function Quiz
30 Questions
6 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the approximate renal blood flow?

  • 0.8 L/min
  • 1.2 L/min (correct)
  • 2.0 L/min
  • 1.5 L/min
  • What is the glomerular filtration rate in a standard patient?

  • 60 mL/min
  • 90 mL/min
  • 150 mL/min
  • 120 mL/min (correct)
  • Where does active renal secretion mainly occur?

  • Loop of Henle
  • Distal convoluted tubule
  • Proximal convoluted tubule (correct)
  • Collecting duct
  • In which part of the kidney does tubular reabsorption take place?

    <p>Cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of pH for urine?

    <p>4.5 to 8.0+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process is the only way to decrease drug excretion rate?

    <p>Tubular reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influences the rate of passive transport of drugs back into the bloodstream?

    <p>Lipophilicity and pH of urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate number of nephrons in the kidney?

    <p>1 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main excretory organ with endocrine functions?

    <p>Kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the renal excretion of drugs involve?

    <p>Glomerular filtration, active tubular secretion, and tubular reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ participates in the excretion of volatile drugs and metabolites?

    <p>Lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is primarily responsible for the excretion of water-soluble drugs and metabolites?

    <p>Kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route is involved in the excretion of orally administered drugs that are not completely absorbed?

    <p>Gastrointestinal tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ participates in the excretion of drugs and metabolites that undergo biliary excretion?

    <p>Gastrointestinal tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the kidney is responsible for the reabsorption of physiologically important metabolites, ions, and water?

    <p>Renal Cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the kidney is primarily involved in the excretion of drugs and metabolites with fast trans-bilayer transport?

    <p>Renal Cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vessel carries blood away from the kidney?

    <p>Renal Vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vessel carries blood into the renal cortex?

    <p>Renal Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the kidney is responsible for the collection of urine before it passes into the ureter?

    <p>Renal Pelvis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the kidney contains the structures known as the renal columns?

    <p>Renal Cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug property results in low reabsorption and high excretion?

    <p>Completely ionized in urine acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proportionality constant between the drug amount eliminated per time unit and the drug concentration in the given compartment?

    <p>Drug clearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the units of drug clearance (Cl)?

    <p>Ml/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation can be rearranged for the whole body and integrated for the whole period of presence of drug in the body?

    <p>$Eqs. 2: Cl = \frac{X}{V}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a drug clearance (Cl) equal to the volume of fluid completely cleared of the drug per unit of time?

    <p>Renal clearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism if the clearance of a drug is compared to the measured inulin clearance?

    <p>Reabsorption rate &gt; secretion rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drugs have low reabsorption and high excretion based on their properties?

    <p>Drugs with pKa &lt; 2.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of compounds with low reabsorption and high excretion properties?

    <p>Low accumulation in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does drug clearance (Cl) characterize?

    <p>Drug elimination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the comparison between drug clearance and inulin clearance if the value of clearance is < 1?

    <p>Reabsorption rate &gt; secretion rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ureter Kidney: Function and Structure

    • The kidney serves as the main excretory organ with endocrine functions including erythropoietin and renin/aldosterone for homeostasis.
    • The kidney has two main regions - the cortex and the medulla, and renal blood flow is approximately 1.2 L/min.
    • Glomerular filtration rate is around 120 mL/min in a standard patient, and urine represents only about 1% of the filtered volume.
    • The renal excretion of drugs involves glomerular filtration, active tubular secretion, and tubular reabsorption.
    • The kidney contains about a million nephrons, with different types located in the cortex and medulla.
    • Active renal secretion involves carrier-mediated and energy-dependent transport, mainly occurring in the proximal convoluted tubule.
    • Tubular reabsorption is the only way to decrease drug excretion rate, involving active and passive processes, and endocytosis.
    • Passive tubular reabsorption occurs throughout the tubule, while endocytosis takes place in the proximal tubule.
    • The rate of passive transport of drugs back into the bloodstream is influenced by factors such as lipophilicity and pH of urine.
    • The pH of urine ranges from 4.5 to 8.0+ and can be affected by factors like nutrients and urinary tract infections.
    • The permeability coefficient for ionizable drugs is proportional to the membranes/lumen partition coefficient and depends on pH and counterions.
    • Passive reabsorption extent is determined by the equilibrium urine/plasma ratio and is influenced by factors like lipophilicity and pH of urine.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Excretion Handout (1).pptx

    Description

    Test your knowledge of the function and structure of the ureter and kidney with this informative quiz. Explore topics such as renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, renal excretion of drugs, nephron types, and the processes of tubular secretion and reabsorption. Gain a deeper understanding of the factors influencing drug excretion and the pH of urine.

    More Like This

    Biopharmaceutical Barriers Quiz
    70 questions
    Renal NaCl Excretion Quiz
    7 questions
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser