CH 4 SUM: Rural and Urban Settlements
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Questions and Answers

What factors influence the transition from rural to urban settlements?

  • Increase in population, infrastructure, economic activities, and geographic extent (correct)
  • Stagnation in population, infrastructure, economic activities, and geographic extent
  • No correlation between population and infrastructure
  • Decrease in population, infrastructure, economic activities, and geographic extent

    • Which settlement pattern reflects the adaptation of human populations to their environment?

  • Grid (correct)
  • Random
  • Dispersed
  • Linear

    • What is a key characteristic of rural settlements according to their function?

  • Focused solely on industrial activities
  • Multifunctional, hosting diverse range of activities
  • Lack of community structure
  • Unifunctional, centered around primary activities (correct)

    • What is a site factor that influences rural settlements?

    <p>Availability of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do situation factors relate to rural settlements?

    <p>Settlement's location concerning surrounding features and geographical context</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are push factors related to rural depopulation?

    <p>Natural disasters and lack of facilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of rural depopulation for urban areas?

    <p>Increased crime rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strategy aims to address rural depopulation?

    <p>Development of infrastructure like roads and transport facilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important social justice issue related to rural settlements?

    <p>Land redistribution challenges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of land reform in rural areas?

    <p>Offering land or monetary compensation for past injustices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the physical spread of urban areas into surrounding rural areas?

    <p>Urban Expansion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of town arises at natural passageways or barriers, serving as entry and exit points?

    <p>Gateway/Gap Towns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proportion of the total population living in urban areas called?

    <p>Level of Urbanisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function do Central Places serve in urban settlements?

    <p>Provide goods and services to the surrounding hinterland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into peripheral regions?

    <p>Urban Sprawl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between rural and urban settlements?

    <p>Population density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor best describes the concept of 'situation' in settlement geography?

    <p>Accessibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the distinguishing features of urban settlements?

    <p>High population density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of settlement is likely to have farmsteads and hamlets?

    <p>Rural settlements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of a settlement does 'site' refer to?

    <p>Topography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor influences the layout and distribution of rural settlements?

    <p>Social organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of rural settlement are individual farmhouses spread out over an area?

    <p>Linear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of farming aims at self-sufficiency by growing a variety of crops and rearing animals for family needs?

    <p>Subsistence farming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of rural settlement shape do houses develop at the intersection of major roads?

    <p>Crossroad</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor significantly impacts the dynamics of rural areas, influencing demographic trends and economic development?

    <p>Rural-urban migration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the challenges faced by urban areas in South Africa due to rapid urbanization?

    <p>Socio-economic disparities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the deterioration of areas within cities and often leads to slums and degraded living conditions?

    <p>Urban blight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the growth of informal settlements and urban sprawl in South Africa?

    <p>Search for better living conditions and employment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant consequence of overcrowding in urban areas experiencing rapid urbanization?

    <p>Strain on infrastructure and services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are informal settlements characterized by overcrowded housing and lack of basic services?

    <p>Establishment without legal claims and urban planning regulations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Commercial Zones in urban settlements typically consist of?

    <p>Central Business Districts (CBDs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor influences the variation in urban building heights and densities from the city center to the outskirts?

    <p>Land value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the Transition Zone in urban settlements?

    <p>Aging infrastructure and buildings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which urban model suggests that cities develop around multiple centers, each specializing in different functions?

    <p>Multiple Nuclei Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does urban hierarchy refer to?

    <p>The distribution of cities based on their role, function, and size influenced by the central place theory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the Rural-Urban Fringe in urban areas?

    <p>Mixed land-use and transitional characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the threshold population in urban settlements?

    <p>It influences the presence and type of services within a settlement by ensuring its viability and profitability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes low-order goods and services from high-order ones in urban centers?

    <p>Low-order goods have a limited range and smaller sphere of influence compared to high-order goods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Trade and Transport Towns develop at strategic locations facilitate?

    <p>Break-of-bulk points, junctions, or gaps for facilitating trade and transportation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding urban hierarchies crucial for policymakers and planners?

    <p>To better manage urban growth, address challenges, and enhance the livability of urban areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'situation' refer to in settlement geography?

    <p>The location of a settlement in relation to surrounding features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which settlement type is characterized by lower population density and a predominantly agricultural landscape?

    <p>Farmsteads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that distinguishes urban settlements from rural settlements?

    <p>Population density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the expansion of urban areas into surrounding rural regions?

    <p>Urban sprawl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between urban and rural settlements' economic activities?

    <p>Types of economic activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influences the layout and distribution of rural settlements?

    <p>Historical land division and social organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of rural settlement is likely to develop along roads, rivers, or valley floors?

    <p>Linear settlement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of farming aims at maximizing yield through significant labor and capital investment?

    <p>Intensive farming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective of studying rural settlements according to the text?

    <p>To understand human-environment interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant consequence of rural-urban migration on rural areas?

    <p>Influence on demographic trends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between rural and urban settlements according to their functions?

    <p>Rural settlements are unifunctional, while urban settlements are multifunctional.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are push factors related to rural depopulation?

    <p>Limited employment opportunities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of rural depopulation for urban areas?

    <p>Overburdened public services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key issue in social justice in rural settlements according to the text?

    <p>Access to resources and fair treatment in land distribution and use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strategy aims to address rural depopulation according to the text?

    <p>Development of infrastructure like roads and transport facilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant consequence of overcrowding in urban areas experiencing rapid urbanization?

    <p>Environmental degradation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main catalyst that accelerated urban growth and expanded urban landscapes beyond traditional boundaries?

    <p>The industrial revolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does urbanization refer to?

    <p>Increasing proportion of a country's population living in urban areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'situation' refer to in the context of urban settlements?

    <p>Location concerning other settlements, resources, and transport routes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into peripheral regions?

    <p>Urban Sprawl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of urban settlements, what do Central Places typically serve as?

    <p>Service providers to the surrounding hinterland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of understanding urban hierarchies and central place theory?

    <p>To analyze the distribution and size of cities in a region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'sphere of influence' refer to in urban settlement analysis?

    <p>The area from which a settlement attracts its customers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do low-order goods differ from high-order goods in urban centers?

    <p>Low-order goods are needed less frequently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concept behind the threshold population in urban settlements?

    <p>It ensures the viability and profitability of a service</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of towns provide essential services to surrounding rural areas according to urban classification?

    <p>Central Places</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors influence the shape of urban settlements?

    <p>Geographical, historical, socio-economic, and political factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which zone in urban settlements is characterized by aging infrastructure and buildings?

    <p>Commercial Zones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the Multiple Nuclei Model of urban structure?

    <p>Specialized functions in different zones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are Industrial Zones typically located in urban areas?

    <p>On city outskirts or designated areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the influencing factors on urban profiles in cities?

    <p>Land value, zoning regulations, and natural topography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of traffic congestion in urban areas experiencing rapid urbanization?

    <p>Increased air pollution and reduced quality of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes significantly to the formation of informal settlements and urban sprawl in South Africa?

    <p>Influx of people searching for employment and better living conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key challenge related to housing shortages in urban areas undergoing rapid urbanization?

    <p>Lack of planning leading to inadequate housing provision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant factor contributing to the deterioration of urban areas, resulting in slums and degraded living conditions?

    <p>Urban blight stemming from lack of maintenance and investment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common impact of overcrowding in urban areas experiencing rapid urbanization?

    <p>Strain on infrastructure and services due to rapid population influx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do rural settlements typically center around?

    <p>Agricultural activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT considered a 'site factor' influencing rural settlements?

    <p>Cultural and historical significance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In urban settlements, what does 'situation' primarily refer to?

    <p>Transportation links and access to resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical factor influencing the transition from rural to urban settlements?

    <p>Increase in population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is NOT a typical part of the 'site factor' influencing rural settlements?

    <p>Proximity to markets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of rural settlement pattern is characterized by individual farmhouses spread out over an area?

    <p>Dispersed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the process of increasing population concentration in urban areas?

    <p>Urbanisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily determines the choice between subsistence farming and commercial farming in rural settlements?

    <p>Market access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In rural settlements, which shape is typically formed around a central common area and historically used for defense and communal activities?

    <p>Round</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of urban settlements is characterized by serving as entry and exit points at natural passageways or barriers?

    <p>Gateway/Gap Towns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are fishing settlements most likely to be located based on the text?

    <p>Near water bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon refers to the physical spread of urban areas into the surrounding rural regions?

    <p>Urban Sprawl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept relates to the speed at which the urban population grows compared to the overall population growth?

    <p>Rate of Urbanisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary influence on the development of linear rural settlements according to the text?

    <p>Environmental factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the proportion of a country's population living in urban areas?

    <p>Level of Urbanisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the concept of threshold population refer to in urban settlements?

    <p>The minimum number of people required to support a service or function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor influences the range of goods in urban settlements?

    <p>Distance consumers are willing to travel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In urban hierarchies, what is the primary characteristic of high-order goods and services?

    <p>They are luxury items or specialized services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Central Places in urban classifications?

    <p>Offering essential services to surrounding rural areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some examples of push factors that drive people away from rural areas?

    <p>Limited employment opportunities and inadequate housing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of rural depopulation for rural areas?

    <p>Closure of basic services and amenities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strategy can help address rural depopulation by creating job opportunities in rural areas?

    <p>Industrial decentralization for job creation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the social justice issue related to equitable access to land?

    <p>Compensating displaced individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some challenges faced by urban areas due to rapid urbanization?

    <p>Overburdened public services and environmental degradation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes rural settlements from urban settlements?

    <p>Spread-out housing in rural settlements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT considered in the definition of 'site' for a settlement?

    <p>Population density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which classification is NOT used to categorize settlements according to the text?

    <p>Elevation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature is typically associated with urban settlements' situation?

    <p>Accessibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In settlement geography, what does 'situation' primarily describe?

    <p>The location of a settlement in relation to surrounding features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary driving force behind the migration from rural to urban areas in South Africa?

    <p>Search for employment and better living conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following urban issues is exacerbated by inadequate public transport systems and over-reliance on private vehicles?

    <p>Lack of Planning/Urban Sprawl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes informal settlements or squatter settlements in urban areas?

    <p>Overcrowded housing and lack of basic services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following challenges is a critical issue directly related to rapid urbanization in South Africa?

    <p>Overcrowding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do informal settlements contribute to urban sprawl?

    <p>By establishing residential areas without legal land claims</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the internal structure of urban settlements refer to?

    <p>The spatial arrangement of different land-use zones within a city</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which urban zone is characterized by aging infrastructure and buildings, often transitioning from residential to commercial or industrial uses?

    <p>Transition Zone/Zone of Decay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the Multiple Nuclei Model of urban structure proposed by Harris and Ullman?

    <p>Cities developing around multiple centers with mixed land-use zones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes light industrial zones from heavy industrial zones in urban areas?

    <p>The environmental impacts associated with each type of manufacturing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of the South African City Model as described in the text?

    <p>Segregated land-use patterns influenced by apartheid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor primarily differentiates rural settlements from urban settlements according to function?

    <p>Multifunctionality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a situation factor influencing rural settlements according to the text?

    <p>Protection from flooding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key consideration when examining rural settlements through the lens of influence of site and situation?

    <p>Arable land availability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily influences the transition from rural to urban settlements according to the text?

    <p>Economic opportunities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of linear rural settlements according to the text?

    <p>Individual farmhouses spread out over an area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that distinguishes rural settlements from urban settlements?

    <p>Population density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is a key feature of site factors influencing rural settlements?

    <p>Water availability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes urban settlements from rural settlements in terms of housing layout?

    <p>Concentrated development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term best describes a settlement's location concerning surrounding features?

    <p>Situation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of settlement is most likely to focus on agricultural or natural economic activities?

    <p>Farmsteads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept refers to the area or market from which a settlement draws its customers?

    <p>Sphere of Influence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of goods have a shorter range and require a smaller threshold population in urban settlements?

    <p>Low-Order Goods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily influences the development and characteristics of urban settlements?

    <p>Primary Function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of urban settlement offers essential services to surrounding rural areas according to the text?

    <p>Central Places</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum number of people required to support a service or function in urban settlements?

    <p>'Threshold' Population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary factors contributing to rural depopulation?

    <p>Limited employment opportunities and inadequate housing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which consequence is a result of rural depopulation for urban areas?

    <p>Traffic congestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key objective of land reform concerning land redistribution in rural settlements?

    <p>Allocating land to disadvantaged individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which social justice issue is related to equitable access to resources in rural settlements?

    <p>Provision of basic services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do urban settlements contribute to economic growth according to the text?

    <p>By providing diverse job markets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influences the layout and distribution of rural settlements?

    <p>Historical land division and social organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which agricultural practice aims at self-sufficiency and meeting the family's needs?

    <p>Subsistence farming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What shapes rural settlements that develop along roads, rivers, or valley floors?

    <p>Linear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors influences the choice between different types of farming in rural areas?

    <p>Technological availability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary factor leads individuals to move from rural areas to urban centers?

    <p>Economic opportunities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Central Business Districts (CBDs) and Outlying Business Districts (OBDs) in urban areas primarily have in common?

    <p>High building density and diverse commercial activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinguishing factor between light industrial zones and heavy industrial zones in urban settlements?

    <p>Type of manufacturing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the Rural-Urban Fringe in urban settlements?

    <p>Mixed land-use and transitional characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective of developing buffer zones and green belts in post-apartheid South Africa?

    <p>To address urban challenges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the models of urban structure serve urban planners and policymakers?

    <p>By offering conceptual frameworks for analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between urban growth and urban expansion?

    <p>Urban growth refers to the physical spread of urban areas, while urban expansion refers to the increase in urban population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes significantly to counter-urbanization?

    <p>Lack of employment opportunities in rural areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes 'Trade and Transport Towns' from 'Gateway/Gap Towns'?

    <p>Gateway/Gap Towns are entry and exit points, while Trade and Transport Towns involve locations where goods are transferred between transport modes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic differentiates 'Specialized Towns' from 'Central Places'?

    <p>'Specialized Towns' have a unique function or industry dominance, while 'Central Places' provide a variety of goods and services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does 'situation' play in the development of urban settlements?

    <p>'Situation' is critical for determining the location of an urban settlement relative to other settlements and resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of inadequate public transport systems in urban areas?

    <p>Higher reliance on private vehicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do informal settlements typically affect urban areas?

    <p>They lack adherence to urban planning regulations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant social challenge exacerbated by urbanization?

    <p>Poverty and social inequality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do informal settlements contribute to urban sprawl?

    <p>By expanding without conforming to planning norms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aim of strategies to address urban settlement issues?

    <p>To achieve sustainable urban development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary distinguishing factor between rural and urban settlements according to the text?

    <p>The population density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is used to differentiate urban settlements from rural settlements?

    <p>Population distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor plays a significant role in determining the classification of settlements according to size, complexity, function, and pattern?

    <p>Population demographics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way do rural and urban settlements primarily differ concerning housing?

    <p>Density of housing units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of a settlement's location is emphasized when discussing 'situation' in the text?

    <p>Accessibility and surrounding features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor influencing the transition from rural to urban settlements?

    <p>Economic opportunities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Influence of site factors on rural settlements includes the availability of ___.

    <p>Building materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Protection from flooding is classified under which type of factors in settlement development?

    <p>Site factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influences living conditions and agricultural practices in rural settlements?

    <p>Availability of natural resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the tradition factor in rural settlement development primarily refer to?

    <p>Cultural and historical significance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor influences the layout and distribution of dwellings in rural settlements?

    <p>A combination of environmental factors, historical land division, and social organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes linear rural settlements?

    <p>They develop along roads, rivers, or valley floors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily determines the type of agricultural activities practiced in rural areas?

    <p>Local environmental conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinguishing feature of T-shape rural settlements?

    <p>They occur where a minor road meets a major one</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic differentiates subsistence farming from commercial farming?

    <p>Scale of production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the consequences of rural depopulation for urban areas?

    <p>Expansion of informal settlements and increased crime rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'brain drain' refer to in the context of rural depopulation?

    <p>The migration of educated and skilled individuals from rural to urban areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key challenges faced in land reform processes in rural areas?

    <p>Bureaucratic delays and high costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective of providing legal security in land tenure reform?

    <p>To support new landowners</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What social justice issues are encompassed in rural settlements according to the text?

    <p>Access to resources, fair treatment in land distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the phenomenon of the movement of populations from urban to rural areas, often in search of a better quality of life?

    <p>Counter-Urbanisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of urban settlement arises at natural passageways or barriers, serving as entry and exit points?

    <p>Gateway/Gap Towns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term refers to the speed at which the urban population grows compared to the overall population growth?

    <p>Rate of Urbanisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of urban settlements is characterized by having a dominant function or industry, such as mining towns, university towns, or resort cities?

    <p>Specialized Towns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In urban geography, what does the 'situation' of a settlement primarily refer to?

    <p>Location concerning other settlements and resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors influence the shape of urban settlements?

    <p>Geographical, historical, socio-economic, and political factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In urban settlements, what distinguishes the Transition Zone/Zone of Decay?

    <p>Areas undergoing change from residential to commercial or industrial uses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of urban structure model suggests that cities develop around multiple centers, each specializing in different functions?

    <p>Multiple Nuclei Model (Harris and Ullman)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the Rural-Urban Fringe in urban settlements?

    <p>Interface between urban and suburban areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are Industrial Zones typically located on city outskirts or designated areas?

    <p>To minimize residential impact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the process of increasing population concentration in urban areas?

    <p>Suburbanization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor significantly impacts the dynamics of rural areas, influencing demographic trends and economic development?

    <p>Migration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common impact of overcrowding in urban areas experiencing rapid urbanization?

    <p>Social unrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the Rural-Urban Fringe in urban settlements?

    <p>Transition zone between urban and rural areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key objective of land reform concerning land redistribution in rural settlements?

    <p>Equitable access to land resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'threshold population' refer to in urban settlement analysis?

    <p>The minimum number of people required to support a service</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor significantly influences the sphere of influence of an urban settlement?

    <p>Quality and quantity of goods and services offered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes trade and transport towns in urban settlements?

    <p>Strategic locations at break-of-bulk points or junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do low-order centers differ from high-order centers in urban settlements?

    <p>They have a smaller range of goods available</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that differentiates rural settlements from urban settlements in terms of economic activities?

    <p>Multifunctionality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of settlement patterns, what factor primarily influences the adaptation of human populations to their environment?

    <p>Topography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main implication of focusing on site factors in relation to the influence on rural settlements?

    <p>Increased agricultural productivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor related to rural settlements is crucial for settlement sustainability and agricultural productivity?

    <p>Soil fertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of urban settlements plays a fundamental role in hosting various activities like manufacturing and administration?

    <p>Transport connections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes rural settlements in terms of population density?

    <p>Low population density and spread-out housing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of urban settlements?

    <p>High population density and significant non-agricultural economic activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'site' refer to in the context of settlements?

    <p>The physical attributes of the land where a settlement is built</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily influences the classification of settlements according to size, complexity, function, and pattern?

    <p>Population density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinguishing factor between rural and urban settlements in relation to housing?

    <p>Varied housing types in urban areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do round rural settlements often have at their center?

    <p>A central common area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily influences the choice between subsistence farming and commercial farming in rural areas?

    <p>Technological availability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In linear rural settlements, why are houses often developed along roads, rivers, or valley floors?

    <p>To adapt to environmental constraints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of nucleated rural settlements according to the text?

    <p>Grouped houses for defense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily determines the land use in rural areas according to the text?

    <p>Type of agricultural activities practiced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between the Multiple Nuclei Model and the Modern American-Western City Model of urban structure?

    <p>Land-use zones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily influences the shape of urban settlements according to the text?

    <p>Geographical factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates the South African City Model from the Third World City Model in terms of land-use patterns?

    <p>Mixed land-use zones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influence do zoning regulations have on urban profiles as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Building heights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do commercial ribbons and neighborhood shopping centers alter traditional urban commercial landscapes?

    <p>Lead to decentralization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some consequences of rural depopulation for urban areas?

    <p>Overcrowding and expansion of informal settlements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strategy could help address brain drain in rural areas?

    <p>Enhancing educational support for rural farmers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of the social justice issues related to land reform in rural settlements?

    <p>Ensuring legal security for land ownership and occupation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can access to water resources be improved in rural settlements?

    <p>Implementing drip irrigation techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes significantly to the underutilization of natural resources following rural depopulation?

    <p>Limited employment opportunities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the movement of populations from urban to rural areas, often in search of a better quality of life?

    <p>Counter-Urbanisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the absolute increase in the urban population over time?

    <p>Urban Growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes 'Junction Towns' in urban settlement classifications?

    <p>Situated at transport route intersections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of urban functions, what do Specialized Towns primarily focus on?

    <p>Dominant function or industry such as mining or education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor is crucial for the development and growth of contemporary urban settlements according to the text?

    <p>Transport connectivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key consideration in addressing urban settlement issues according to the text?

    <p>Considering social, economic, and environmental dimensions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does rapid urban growth exacerbate pollution in urban areas according to the text?

    <p>By leading to increased air, water, and soil pollution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of informal settlements mentioned in the text?

    <p>Lack of adherence to urban planning regulations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do informal settlements contribute to urban sprawl according to the text?

    <p>By adding to inefficient land use and loss of green spaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of strategies to address urban settlement issues in the text?

    <p>Ensuring sustainable urban development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the concept of 'Threshold Population' play in urban settlements?

    <p>Influencing the viability and profitability of services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do low-order and high-order goods differ in terms of their range in urban settlements?

    <p>Low-order goods have a shorter range than high-order goods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes 'Specialized Towns' from 'Central Places' in urban classifications?

    <p>'Specialized Towns' have a dominant function or industry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of 'Trade and Transport Towns' in urban settlements?

    <p>Facilitating trade and transportation at strategic locations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding the 'Central Place Theory' crucial for comprehending urban hierarchies?

    <p>To analyze the distribution and size of cities within a region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a rural settlement based on population density and housing distribution?

    <p>Low population density and scattered housing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In settlement geography, what role does 'situation' play in determining the nature of a settlement?

    <p>It influences the land use patterns in a settlement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes urban settlements from rural settlements primarily in terms of economic activities?

    <p>Higher concentration of non-agricultural activities in urban settlements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that differentiates between rural and urban settlements with regards to housing layout?

    <p>Population density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of a settlement's physical attributes does the term 'site' encompass?

    <p>Topography and soil quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor primarily determines the shapes of rural settlements?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In rural settlements, what type of farming aims at self-sufficiency rather than profit?

    <p>Subsistence farming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following settlement patterns is characterized by houses grouped together, often found in fertile agricultural lands?

    <p>Nucleated pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key factor influencing the choice between extensive and intensive farming in rural areas?

    <p>Environmental conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the classification of rural settlements according to function primarily refer to?

    <p>Economic activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of rural depopulation for urban areas mentioned in the text?

    <p>Overburdened public services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strategy is NOT mentioned in the text as a way to address rural depopulation?

    <p>Creation of job opportunities through industrial centralization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of land reform as discussed in the text?

    <p>Correcting historical injustices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor significantly influences the classification of settlements according to size, complexity, function, and pattern as per the text?

    <p>Economic activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes linear rural settlements according to the text?

    <p>Alignment along transportation routes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor that distinguishes rural settlements from urban settlements according to the text?

    <p>Economic diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is a primary consideration in determining the shape of rural settlements?

    <p>Relief</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of rural settlements, what does the term 'situation' primarily refer to?

    <p>Proximity to resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic influences the living conditions and agricultural practices in rural settlements?

    <p>Climate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is crucial for effective land use planning, resource management, and sustainable development in both rural and urban settings?

    <p>Site factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the unplanned and uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into peripheral regions?

    <p>Urban Sprawl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of urban area is characterized by a dominant function or industry, such as mining towns, university towns, or resort cities?

    <p>Specialized Towns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor can significantly contribute to underutilization of natural resources following rural depopulation?

    <p>Counter-Urbanisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept refers to the process of increasing population concentration in urban areas compared to the overall population growth?

    <p>Rate of Urbanisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary distinguishing factor between 'Junction Towns' and 'Gateway/Gap Towns'?

    <p>Location</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of understanding urban hierarchies and the factors influencing the location and function of urban settlements?

    <p>To analyze the spatial organization and growth dynamics of urban areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes high-order goods and services from low-order goods and services in urban centers?

    <p>Higher threshold population and larger sphere of influence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is crucial in determining the presence and type of services within an urban settlement?

    <p>Threshold population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic differentiates specialized towns from central places in urban classifications?

    <p>Dominant function or industry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of urban settlements, what does the term 'range of goods' indicate?

    <p>The maximum distance consumers are willing to travel to purchase goods or services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary distinction between Central Business Districts (CBDs) and Outlying Business Districts (OBDs)?

    <p>Type of commercial activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In urban morphology, what factor influences the transition zone/zone of decay within urban areas?

    <p>Infrastructure age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do light industrial zones primarily differ from heavy industrial zones in urban planning?

    <p>Manufacturing impact on the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic defines the Rural-Urban Fringe area in the context of urban settlements?

    <p>Mixed land-use and transitional features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept does the South African City Model primarily aim to reflect?

    <p>Historical socio-political influences from apartheid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of informal settlements?

    <p>Lack of basic services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor significantly contributes to traffic congestion in urban areas?

    <p>Over-reliance on private vehicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key environmental concern related to urbanization?

    <p>Air, water, and soil pollution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term best describes the process of establishing residential areas without legal claims to the land?

    <p>Squatter settlements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant impact of overcrowding in urban areas experiencing rapid urbanization?

    <p>Increased demand for housing</p> Signup and view all the answers

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