Urban Planning and Design Concepts
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following street patterns is ideal for a mountainous site?

  • Radial
  • Meander (correct)
  • Rolling
  • Grid Iron

    • Which of the following statements is not true about rolling terrains?

  • Building along contours increases construction costs.
  • Drainage problems are simpler. (correct)
  • Buildings could act as a retaining wall.
  • More interesting land development attracts high end buyers.

    • Which is not considered a Major Road?

  • Boulevard
  • Local Street (correct)
  • Autobahns
  • Expressway

    • What is not a climatic factor directly influencing human comfort?

    <p>Latitude (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In developing the site for a retreat center, where is the sanctuary usually best placed?

    <p>Summit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following colors is used for contour lines in Topographic Maps?

    <p>Brown (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bearing capacity, stability, erodibility, and fertility are attributes of:

    <p>Soil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pairs of human factors are generally considered in design?

    <p>Psychological, Physical (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity focuses on the arrangement of structures and shaping the spaces between them?

    <p>Site Planning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the sets of lines connecting all points of equal elevation on the ground?

    <p>Contours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What generally leads to an increase in body comfort in relation to humidity?

    <p>A decrease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who articulated the concept of the Hierarchy of Needs in humans?

    <p>Abraham Maslow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which design factor has the least influence on the amount of sunlight entering a building?

    <p>Roof Shape (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a local wind system that flows from land to water late at night?

    <p>Land breeze (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which passive strategy can help reduce the growth of fungi and mildew?

    <p>Maximizing sun exposure indoors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the concept of personal space?

    <p>Space Bubble (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best action for an architect seeking precise measurements of a land site?

    <p>Hire a Geodetic Engineer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Manila City, which direction is best for locating floor-ceiling picture windows?

    <p>North (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a result of high winds forcing water ashore above normal tide levels?

    <p>Storm surge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle does not align with Urban Design ideals?

    <p>Widening of roads (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect least affects a systematic study of urban morphology?

    <p>Construction plans (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option accurately represents infrastructure assets?

    <p>Physical Capital (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which quality is least likely to contribute to good urban space?

    <p>Segregated Communities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Radial street pattern

    A street pattern best suited for mountainous terrain where roads connect the center and outskirts.

    Contoured building on rolling terrain

    Building along contours on rolling terrain increases construction costs due to the need for retaining walls and complex grading.

    First step in site survey

    The initial step in conducting a site survey involves gathering existing data relevant to the site.

    Cul-de-sac

    A street that opens only at one end and has a turnaround area for vehicles.

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    Grading

    The process of modifying existing landforms to facilitate site functions and circulation.

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    Human factors in design

    Human factors considered in design are physical, psychological, and physiological.

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    Bearing capacity of soil

    The attribute of soil that relates to its ability to support weight and resist deformation.

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    Erodibility of soil

    The ability of soil to resist being eroded by water or wind.

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    Site Planning, Urban Design, and Landscape Architecture

    The art of arranging structures on land and shaping the spaces between them. It encompasses the design of green spaces, towns, and cities.

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    Contours

    Sets of imaginary lines connecting points of equal elevation on the ground, depicted on a topographic map. They reveal the terrain's slopes and changes in elevation.

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    Humidity and Comfort

    A decrease in humidity generally leads to increased body comfort, as it allows for better heat dissipation.

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    Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

    Abraham Maslow is known for his Hierarchy of Needs, a theory that describes human motivation and the stages of needs individuals must satisfy progressing from basic to higher-level needs.

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    Sunlight Control: Overhang Influence

    The length of an overhang has the least effect on the amount of sunlight entering a building compared to building orientation, louvered windows, and roof shape.

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    Land Breeze

    A land breeze is a local wind system that flows from land to water late at night. It's caused by the cooling of land at night compared to the warmer water.

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    Sunlight for Mold Prevention

    Maximizing sun exposure indoors is a passive way to reduce the growth of fungi and mold. Sunlight's warmth helps combat moisture buildup.

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    Territoriality

    Territoriality refers to the concept of personal space and the boundaries individuals establish around themselves. It reflects the need for control and privacy.

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    Site Surveying for Architectural Projects

    To obtain precise measurements and topographical details of a site, hiring a Geodetic Engineer is the best option. They specialize in land surveying and provide accurate data.

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    Window Orientation in Tropical Climates

    Floor-ceiling picture windows in Manila City are best located on the north side of a building. This orientation maximizes natural light while minimizing direct sunlight and heat.

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    Storm Surge

    A storm surge is an abnormal rise in sea level, pushed ashore by high winds during storms. It's a major hazard associated with hurricanes and typhoons.

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    Climate Change Commission

    The Climate Change Commission focuses on policy-making related to climate change. It doesn't directly conduct scientific research or monitoring like the other organizations.

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    Genius Loci

    Genius loci refers to the unique character or spirit of a place. It encapsulates the place's distinct atmosphere, history, and cultural significance.

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    New Urbanism: Widening Roads?

    New Urbanism promotes the widening of roads to lessen traffic in a neighborhood. This principle aims to create a more efficient and pedestrian-friendly urban environment.

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    Urban Form

    Urban form describes the visual appearance of built-up areas. It represents the arrangement of buildings, streets, and public spaces that shape a city's structure and character.

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    Study Notes

    Street Patterns for Mountainous Sites

    • Radial street patterns (connecting center to outskirts) are ideal for mountainous sites.

    Rolling Terrain Considerations

    • Building along contours increases construction costs.
    • Drainage issues are more manageable.
    • Rolling terrains offer more interesting development opportunities (e.g., attractive for high-end buyers).
    • Buildings can serve as retaining walls for steep sites.

    Site Survey Procedures

    • The first step in conducting a site survey is to gather existing data.
    • This is followed by personal reconnaissance (notes, sketches, photos).
    • Then, summarize the off-site context and its changes.
    • Finally, correlate data.

    Major Road Types

    • Boulevards, autobahns, expressways, and freeways are major roads.

    Street Types

    • A cul-de-sac is a dead-end street with a turnaround.
    • Collector streets have low-moderate capacity.
    • Avenues are wide streets.
    • Local streets provide access to bordering properties.

    Climatic Factors Affecting Human Comfort

    • Solar radiation, humidity, and air movement directly influence human comfort.
    • Latitude is also an indirect factor related to climate, but not a direct factor of comfort.

    Site Planning for Retreat Centers

    • The sanctuary in a retreat center is typically best positioned on a ridge (for best views).

    Site Design Techniques

    • Grading is the process of remodeling landforms for site functions.

    Human Factors in Design

    • Physical, psychological, and physiological factors are considered in design.

    Topographic Map Symbols

    • Brown is used for contour lines.
    • Blue is used for bodies of water.
    • Black is used for roads, railroads, and boundaries.
    • Green is used for woodlands.

    Site Documentation

    • A survey is a checklist of site information.

    Site Attributes

    • Soil attributes include bearing capacity, stability, erodibility, and fertility.

    Urban Design Concepts

    • Site planning involves arranging structures and shaping spaces.

    Contour Lines

    • Contour lines connect points of equal elevation on a topographic map.

    Humidity and Body Comfort

    • A decrease in humidity generally improves body comfort.

    Human Needs Hierarchy

    • Abraham Maslow articulated the hierarchy of human needs.

    Building Design for Sunlight Control

    • Overhangs, building orientation, louvered windows, and roof shape control sunlight entering a building.

    Wind Patterns

    • A land breeze is a flow of air from land to water at night.
    • A sea breeze flows from water to land.

    Passive Design Strategies for Milder Climate

    • Maximizing sun exposure indoors for healthier climates.
    • Growing shade trees for milder temperatures.

    Personal Space

    • Spatial bubble is a concept of personal space.

    Site Measurement Methods

    • Hiring a geodetic engineer is the best approach for precise site measurements.

    Window Placement Considerations (Manila)

    • South-facing windows are optimal in Manila for utilizing the wind and avoiding direct sunlight.

    Oceanographic Phenomena

    • A storm surge is the result of high winds forcing water ashore above normal tide levels.

    Governmental Agencies in Philippines

    • Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration, and Mines and Geosciences Bureau are agencies that provide information about natural hazards.

    Site Factors for Design

    • Plant species, tree size, soil fertility, and introduced invasive species are biological factors.

    Place and Architecture

    • Genius loci is the phenomenon or experience of a place.

    New Urbanism Principles

    • Widening roads is discouraged in new urbanism; slow-speed streets, on-street parking and hidden parking slots are promoted.

    Built-Up Areas

    • Urban form is the visible built-up areas often equated with "townscape."

    Urban Design Fundamentals

    • Urban design outlines how buildings, places, spaces, and networks shape cities.

    Creating Engaging Public Spaces

    • Placemaking creates places with meaning and identity.

    Qualities of Good Urban Space

    • Walkability is a vital component of good urban space.

    Urban Morphology

    • A study of urban morphology considers urban form and shape.

    Urban Infrastructure Assets

    • Physical capital comprises buildings, machines, roads, etc.

    Supporting Principles of Urban Design

    • Good urban design fosters local character.

    Space Classification

    • Squares/plazas can be categorized by location, size, form, and function.

    Placemaking Principles

    • Permeability determines access to a particular place; variety offers access to different uses.

    Basic Urban Space Forms

    • Typical urban space forms include circles, rectangles, and triangles.

    Street Layout

    • Grid street layouts are the most practical design for city planning.

    City Aesthetics

    • Landscape and public space contribute to a city's character and beauty.

    City Components

    • Streets represent the "nerves/veins/arms and legs" of a city.

    Personalization in Space

    • Permeability and personalization affect how people can modify a place.

    Use Variety

    • Variety refers to the range of available uses for a space.

    Urban Design Stakeholders

    • Architects, politicians, and stakeholders are all involved in urban design.

    Urban Design Goals

    • Effective urban design creates a sense of place.

    Focal Points in Cities

    • A square, or plaza is an area framed by buildings to showcase them.

    Comprehensive Urban Documenting

    • Urban documentation encompasses historical analysis, legibility and permeability studies, and visual examinations of details.

    Urban Planning Principles

    • Traditional urban patterns and elements are important to preserve. Urban sprawl is counterproductive.

    Tropical Building Design

    • North-facing orientations work best in tropical climates for wind and sunlight control.

    Indoor Wind Management

    • Strategies to control indoor wind can include minimizing interior walls, strategic window placements, and louvered openings.

    Urban Density and Service Use

    • Increasing density enables more efficient service use in the principle of New Urbanism.

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    Description

    Explore key concepts in urban planning, focusing on street patterns and site survey procedures. Learn about major road types, street classifications, and considerations for development in mountainous and rolling terrains. This quiz covers essential knowledge for understanding urban environments.

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