15 Questions
What were the key technological advancements that empowered European explorers to undertake long voyages?
Advancements in ship design, navigation tools, and dissemination of knowledge
What motivated European nations, particularly Portugal and Spain, to invest in exploration?
Advancements in maritime technology
What was one of the primary reasons European traders sought alternate trade routes to India?
To break the monopoly of Arab and other traders
Who played a significant role in European exploration due to their opposition to Islam and drive to propagate Christianity?
Portugal
What were some of the motivations behind the European arrival in India according to the text?
Economic, strategic, and geopolitical reasons
What major historical event coincided with the emergence of nation-states in Europe, leading to the disruption of the unified economic system?
The Reformation
Which European power was the first to reach India in 1498, marking the beginning of European presence in the subcontinent?
Portuguese
What economic theory prevalent at the time emphasized the accumulation of wealth through trade and influenced European exploration to India?
Mercantilism
During which century did the advent of Europeans in India occur, leading to profound socio-political and economic changes?
16th century
Which European colonial power did not establish a significant presence in India during the period described in the text?
Spanish
What was one of the key motivations behind European traders seeking alternate trade routes to India?
To gain control of the oceans and break the dominance of existing traders
How did advancements in shipbuilding and navigation technology contribute to European exploration?
By empowering European explorers to undertake long and challenging voyages
What role did Portugal play in the European arrival in India?
Leading the exploration efforts due to advancements in maritime technology
Why did European nations aim to break the monopoly of Arab and other traders on the trade routes to India?
To acquire Indian goods and profit from their trade
What consequences did the European arrival in India have for the region?
Colonization, cultural exchange, and reshaping of trade networks
Study Notes
Advent of Europeans in India
- The advent of Europeans in India marked a significant turning point in Indian history, spanning roughly 400 years from the late 15th century onwards.
Causes of European Arrival
- The breakage of European feudalism led to the emergence of nation-states, disrupting the unified economic system.
- The agricultural and industrial revolutions created a need for new markets.
- The emergence of mercantilism, an economic theory, emphasized the accumulation of wealth through trade.
Timeline of European Arrival
- The Portuguese were the first Europeans to reach India in 1498.
- They were followed by the Dutch, British, and French colonists.
Impact of European Arrival
- The Europeans established their presence in India, leading to profound socio-political and economic changes in the region.
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