Upper Limb Trauma: Clavicle and Scapula Fractures
30 Questions
3 Views

Upper Limb Trauma: Clavicle and Scapula Fractures

Created by
@SpiritedCalifornium

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a complication that occurs but does not affect function?

  • Neurovascular involvement
  • Joint stiffness
  • Mal-union (correct)
  • Non-union

    • Which condition is an indication for operative treatment?

  • Minor fractures
  • Nonunion (correct)
  • Fracture healing
  • Mal-union

    • Which of the following does not constitute a reason for operative treatment?

  • Nonunion
  • Mal-union (correct)
  • Neurovascular involvement
  • Pain management

    • What is a potential complication of a fracture that can lead to significant concerns?

    <p>Nonunion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following complications are likely to impact treatment decisions?

    <p>Nonunion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fixation is NOT used for surgical reduction in humeral shaft fractures?

    <p>External fixation device</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the case of a stable transverse fracture of the humerus, what is the preferred initial treatment?

    <p>Conservative treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates the need for surgical intervention in humeral shaft fractures?

    <p>Unstable oblique fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a type of fracture treatment mentioned for humeral shaft fractures?

    <p>Open reduction and internal fixation for comminuted fractures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fixation option involves placing a metal rod in the medullary cavity of the bone?

    <p>Intramedullary interlocking nail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common complication associated with internal fixation of the humerus?

    <p>Radial nerve injury manifested as wrist drop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following fixation methods utilizes interlocking features?

    <p>Interlocking nails</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fixation method is primarily associated with flexibility and adaptability?

    <p>Malleable medullary nails</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable characteristic of plate and screw fixation methods?

    <p>Involves rigid stabilization of the fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fixation method would likely be chosen for a more complex fracture requiring stability?

    <p>Interlocking nail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of supra condylar fractures?

    <p>They can be classified into extension or flexion types.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended immediate treatment for supra condylar fractures in children?

    <p>Urged reduction followed by a post splint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT typically associated with supra condylar fractures?

    <p>Numbness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should percutaneous wires be considered in the treatment of supra condylar fractures in children?

    <p>If the fracture is unstable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is most likely to experience supra condylar fractures?

    <p>Children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the surgical method recommended for adults with an irreducible fracture?

    <p>ORIF with plates and screws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition may result from mal-union following a fracture?

    <p>Altered carrying angle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors contribute to joint stiffness after a fracture?

    <p>Adhesions and mal-union</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What vascular complication is associated with acute ischaemia?

    <p>Vascular injury and edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT typically a complication following a shoulder fracture?

    <p>Cubitus varus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in managing acute ischaemia?

    <p>Release of tight cast or bandage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is used as a secondary measure if there is no improvement after initial management of acute ischaemia?

    <p>Surgical exploration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do systemic vasodilators play in the management of acute ischaemia?

    <p>They help to increase blood flow after relieving the tight cast.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In managing acute ischaemia, what action should be taken if there is no significant improvement after initial interventions?

    <p>Proceed with surgical exploration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT part of the standard management protocol for acute ischaemia?

    <p>Immediate placement of a cast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Religious Prayer

    • Prayer of repentance, seeking forgiveness
    • "God, I have sinned greatly against myself, and only you can forgive my sins. Forgive me, and have mercy on me, for you are the Forgiving, Merciful One."

    Upper Limb Trauma

    Clavicle Fracture

    • Most common broken bone, common in children
    • Lateral fragment displaced downward, forward, and medially
    • Clinical Signs:
      • Local pain and tenderness
      • Patient supports affected limb with hand and tilts head to affected side
    • Treatment:
      • Reduction and sling/figure-8 bandage for 3 weeks
      • Complications:
        • Malunion (no functional effect)
        • Non-union

    Indications for Operative Treatment (Clavicle)

    • Non-union
    • Neurovascular involvement
    • Unstable fracture of the lateral end near the acromioclavicular joint in adults
    • Persistent wide separation of fractured fragments with soft tissue interposition (floating shoulder)

    Scapula Fracture

    • Typically no displacement
    • Supported by muscles on both sides
    • Treatment: Arm sling

    Indications for Operative Treatment (General)

    • Floating shoulder
    • Major displaced glenoid fracture

    Humerus Fracture

    • Proximal humerus: surgical neck, greater tuberosity
    • Humerus Shaft
    • Distal humerus:
      • Supracondylar fracture
      • Intercondylar fracture (T or Y shaped)
      • Medial or lateral epicondyle fractures (avulsion fractures)

    Proximal Humerus Fracture (Surgical Neck Treatment)

    • Impacted: Strapping
    • Displaced: Reduction, then strapping

    Humerus Shaft Fracture Treatment

    • Stable, transverse fracture: conservative treatment attempted
    • Unstable oblique or comminuted fracture: ORIF (open reduction and internal fixation)
      • Using interlocking IMN (intramedullary nails), plates and screws, or external fixator

    Internal Fixation of Humerus Fracture

    • Plate and screws
    • Interlocking nails
    • Malleable medullary nails

    Complications of Upper Limb Trauma

    • Most important: Radial nerve injury (wrist drop)
    • Non-union

    Supracondylar Fractures (Children)

    • Common in children
    • Extension or flexion types
    • Clinical signs: Pain, swelling, ecchymosis (bruising)

    Supracondylar Fracture Treatment (Children)

    • Children: Urgent reduction + posterior slab, percutaneous wires if unstable, ORIF with wires (if irreducible)
    • Adults: ORIF with plates and screws

    Complications of Supracondylar Fractures

    • Malunion: altered carrying angle (cubitus varus or cubitus valgus)
    • Joint stiffness (adhesions, malunion)
    • Vascular complications: Acute ischemia (due to vascular injury, edema, tight cast)
      • Management: Urgent reduction, release of tight cast or bandage; systemic vasodilators, surgical exploration (if no improvement)
    • Volkmann's ischemic contracture: Fibrosis of deep forearm muscles due to prolonged ischemia
      • Treatment: Surgical excision of fibrosed muscles + tendon operations

    Intercondylar Fractures (Humerus)

    • T or Y shaped
    • Intra-articular (affecting joint surface)
    • Treatment: Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) to create a smooth articular surface

    Humeral Condyles (Avulsion Fractures)

    • Avulsion fracture of the medial or lateral condyles
    • Common in children
    • Treatment: ORIF using K-wire

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Upper Limb Trauma PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the essential aspects of upper limb trauma, specifically focusing on clavicle and scapula fractures. It includes details about the common symptoms, treatment options, and indications for operative treatment. Test your knowledge on these common injuries and their management methods.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser