Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the extrinsic muscles of the upper limb?
What is the primary function of the extrinsic muscles of the upper limb?
Which muscles are responsible for flexion of the forearm?
Which muscles are responsible for flexion of the forearm?
What is the function of the Supraspinatus muscle?
What is the function of the Supraspinatus muscle?
Which muscles are involved in movements of the thumb?
Which muscles are involved in movements of the thumb?
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What is the function of the Extensor carpi ulnaris muscle?
What is the function of the Extensor carpi ulnaris muscle?
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Which muscles are involved in movements of the little finger?
Which muscles are involved in movements of the little finger?
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What is the function of the Subscapularis muscle?
What is the function of the Subscapularis muscle?
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Which muscles are involved in lateral rotation of the arm?
Which muscles are involved in lateral rotation of the arm?
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What is the function of the Brachialis muscle?
What is the function of the Brachialis muscle?
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Study Notes
Upper Limb Muscles Overview
- The upper limb consists of the shoulder, arm, forearm, wrist, and hand
- Muscles of the upper limb can be divided into extrinsic and intrinsic muscles
Extrinsic Muscles
- Originate in the shoulder or arm and insert into the hand
- Responsible for movements of the shoulder, arm, and forearm
- Include:
- Deltoid
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres minor
- Subscapularis
- Biceps brachii
- Brachialis
- Extensor carpi radialis brevis
- Extensor carpi radialis longus
- Extensor carpi ulnaris
Intrinsic Muscles
- Originate and insert within the hand
- Responsible for movements of the hand, fingers, and thumb
- Include:
- Thenar muscles (thumb muscles):
- Abductor pollicis brevis
- Flexor pollicis brevis
- Opponens pollicis
- Hypothenar muscles (little finger muscles):
- Abductor digiti minimi
- Flexor digiti minimi
- Opponens digiti minimi
- Interossei muscles (between metacarpal bones):
- Palmar interossei
- Dorsal interossei
- Lumbrical muscles (between metacarpal and phalanges):
- First lumbrical
- Second lumbrical
- Third lumbrical
- Fourth lumbrical
- Thenar muscles (thumb muscles):
Muscle Functions
- Flexion:
- Biceps brachii
- Brachialis
- Flexor carpi radialis
- Flexor carpi ulnaris
- Extension:
- Triceps brachii
- Extensor carpi radialis brevis
- Extensor carpi radialis longus
- Extensor carpi ulnaris
- Rotation:
- Supraspinatus (lateral rotation)
- Infraspinatus (lateral rotation)
- Teres minor (lateral rotation)
- Subscapularis (medial rotation)
Upper Limb Muscles Overview
- The upper limb comprises the shoulder, arm, forearm, wrist, and hand
- The upper limb muscles are divided into extrinsic and intrinsic muscles
Extrinsic Muscles
- Extrinsic muscles originate in the shoulder or arm and insert into the hand
- They are responsible for movements of the shoulder, arm, and forearm
- Extrinsic muscles include:
- Deltoid
- Rotator cuff muscles:
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres minor
- Subscapularis
- Biceps brachii
- Brachialis
- Forearm muscles:
- Extensor carpi radialis brevis
- Extensor carpi radialis longus
- Extensor carpi ulnaris
Intrinsic Muscles
- Intrinsic muscles originate and insert within the hand
- They are responsible for movements of the hand, fingers, and thumb
- Intrinsic muscles include:
- Thenar muscles (thumb muscles):
- Abductor pollicis brevis
- Flexor pollicis brevis
- Opponens pollicis
- Hypothenar muscles (little finger muscles):
- Abductor digiti minimi
- Flexor digiti minimi
- Opponens digiti minimi
- Interossei muscles (between metacarpal bones):
- Palmar interossei
- Dorsal interossei
- Lumbrical muscles (between metacarpal and phalanges):
- First lumbrical
- Second lumbrical
- Third lumbrical
- Fourth lumbrical
- Thenar muscles (thumb muscles):
Muscle Functions
- Flexion movements:
- Biceps brachii (flexion of the elbow)
- Brachialis (flexion of the elbow)
- Flexor carpi radialis (flexion of the wrist)
- Flexor carpi ulnaris (flexion of the wrist)
- Extension movements:
- Triceps brachii (extension of the elbow)
- Extensor carpi radialis brevis (extension of the wrist)
- Extensor carpi radialis longus (extension of the wrist)
- Extensor carpi ulnaris (extension of the wrist)
- Rotation movements:
- Supraspinatus (lateral rotation of the shoulder)
- Infraspinatus (lateral rotation of the shoulder)
- Teres minor (lateral rotation of the shoulder)
- Subscapularis (medial rotation of the shoulder)
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Description
Learn about the muscles of the upper limb, including their divisions, functions, and examples of extrinsic muscles.
