Upper Limb Muscle Anatomy Quiz

The group of muscles that extend the wrist, fingers, and thumb. They are located on the posterior side of the forearm.

A group of muscles located in the palm of the hand that control the thumb's movements.

A muscle in the thenar compartment that flexes the thumb at the metacarpophalangeal joint.

A muscle in the thenar compartment that abducts the thumb (moves it away from the palm).

A muscle in the thenar compartment that opposes the thumb (moves it across the palm towards the little finger).

A wedge-shaped space located between the chest wall and the upper arm, providing a passageway for nerves and bloodvessels.

The pectoralis major and minor muscles, the subclavius muscle, the clavipectoral fascia, and the lateral thoracic vessels create this wall. It's also where some lymph nodes are located.

The axilla deepens when the arm is by the side, but nearly vanishes when the arm is raised.

The axilla provides a passageway for nerves and blood vessels to connect the neck/chest area to the arm.

The lower edge of the pectoralis major muscle creates this fold, which becomes more pronounced when the arm is pressed against resistance.

The anterior compartment of the arm contains these muscles. The biceps brachii flexes the elbow and supinates the forearm, the brachialis flexes the elbow, and the coracobrachialis flexes the shoulder and adducts the arm.

The biceps brachii is located in the anterior compartment of the arm. It originates from the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula and the tip of the coracoid process. It inserts on the radial tuberosity and the bicipital groove. The biceps brachii is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6). Its actions are elbow flexion, forearm supination, and shoulder flexion.

The brachialis is located in the anterior compartment of the arm. It originates from the distal half of the anterior surface of the humerus and inserts on the ulna tuberosity. It is innervated by the musculocutaneous and radial nerves (C5, C6, C7). Its action is primarily elbow flexion.

The coracobrachialis is located in the anterior compartment of the arm. It originates from the tip of the coracoid process of the scapula and inserts on the medial border of the humerus. It is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6). Its actions are shoulder flexion and shoulder adduction.

The posterior compartment of the arm contains one primary muscle, the triceps brachii, which extends the arm at the elbow joint. It originates from the infraglenoid tubercle and glenoid labrum (long head), the posterior humeral shaft (medial head), and the superior humerus (lateral head) and inserts at the olecranon process of the ulna.

Pronator quadratus is located in the distal forearm, running between the ulna and radius. It's the key mover for forearm pronation, helping you turn your palm down.

The flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) is a deep forearm muscle that flexes the distal phalanges of the fingers. It's divided into two parts: one for the index and middle fingers, and another for the ring and little fingers. The two parts are innervated by different nerves, the median and ulnar nerves.

The extensor muscles of the forearm are located on the back side of the forearm and they extend the wrist and fingers. They are classified into two groups: superficial and deep groups.

The brachioradialis is a superficial extensor muscle in the forearm. It helps with forearm flexion and supination, actions like lifting a cup or turning a doorknob.

The extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) is a superficial extensor muscle that extends and adducts the wrist. It helps you move your wrist towards your pinky finger.

The posterior wall of the axilla is formed by the Subscapularis, Teres Major, and Latissimus Dorsi muscles, and contains the Subscapular vessels, Subscapular and Thoracodorsal nerves, and Posterior or Subscapular lymph nodes.

The medial wall of the axilla is formed by the upper four ribs and intercostal muscles, the upper part of the Serratus Anterior, the Long Thoracic nerve, the Intercostobrachial nerve, and the central group of axillary lymph nodes.

The lateral wall of the axilla is formed by the Intertubercular groove of the humerus, Coracobrachialis, and the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii.

The base of the axilla is formed by the skin, superficial fascia, and the dome-shaped axillary fascia.

The apex of the axilla is a communication passage between the axilla and the posterior triangle of the neck, and is formed by the middle-third of the clavicle, the superior margin of the scapula, and the outer margin of the first rib.

The Triceps Brachii muscle is responsible for extending the elbow joint and supporting the humerus when the arm is abducted.

The Radial nerve, specifically from spinal nerves C6, C7, and C8, innervates the Triceps Brachii muscle.

The Anterior compartment of the forearm is located on the ventral aspect of the forearm and holds the flexors and pronators of the forearm.

The Anterior compartment is divided from the posterior compartment by the ulna, radius, and the interosseous membrane.

The flexor muscles in the Anterior compartment of the forearm are divided into two groups: Superficial and Deep.

Pronator teres is a muscle that originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus and the coronoid process of the ulna. It inserts on the middle of the lateral surface of the radius.

The Flexor Carpi Radialis muscle aids in flexing the wrist and helps abduct (move away) the hand.

The Palmaris Longus muscle helps flex the wrist and tenses the palmar aponeurosis, which is a tough band of tissue located in the palm of the hand.

A depression on the lateral side of the wrist, most visible when the thumb is fully extended, containing the radial artery as it passes from the forearm to the hand.

The radial artery is the most prominent structure found within the anatomical snuff box.

The median cubital vein is often used for drawing blood or intravenous injections.

The median cubital vein is located superficially, while the brachial artery is deeper, separated by the bicipital aponeurosis.

The brachial artery may be accidentally punctured while attempting to cannulate the median cubital vein.

The axillary artery is a major blood vessel that supplies the arm. It originates from the subclavian artery and runs through the axilla, giving rise to six branches that supply muscles, bones, and skin of the upper limb.

The axillary vein is a major vein that drains blood from the arm. It receives blood from the brachial, basilic, and cephalic veins and ultimately drains into the subclavian vein.

The axillary lymph nodes are a collection of lymph nodes located in the axilla. They filter lymph fluid from the arm, hand, and breast, and play a vital role in the immune system.

The cubital fossa is a triangular space located anterior to the elbow joint. It contains important structures like nerves and blood vessels that travel between the arm and forearm.

Located at the base of the axilla, this fat pad helps protect the axillary vessels and nerves.

A bony and fibrous passageway in the wrist, formed by the carpal bones and the flexor retinaculum. It houses key tendons for hand movement and the median nerve.

The scaphoid and trapezium bones make up the floor of the anatomical snuff box. Its roof is the skin and fascia, while the tendons of abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, and extensor pollicis longus create its borders.

Inflammation within the carpal tunnel can compress the median nerve, causing numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hand and thumb. It affects the palmar aspect of the lateral 3 ½ fingers but not the hand itself.

The median nerve provides motor control for muscles that control thumb movement. Compression can weaken these muscles, impacting fine motor skills.

Releasing the flexor retinaculum, the fibrous roof of the carpal tunnel, can alleviate pressure on the median nerve.