Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a function typically associated with the muscles of the wrist and hand?
Which of the following is NOT a function typically associated with the muscles of the wrist and hand?
- Opposition of the thumb
- Adduction of the digits
- Flexion of the wrist
- Extension of the digits
- Pronation of the forearm (correct)
Which structure is housed within the carpal tunnel?
Which structure is housed within the carpal tunnel?
- Ulnar artery
- Radial artery
- Median nerve (correct)
- Ulnar nerve
- Brachial artery
Which nerve is most susceptible to injury in a fracture of the medial epicondyle of the humerus?
Which nerve is most susceptible to injury in a fracture of the medial epicondyle of the humerus?
- Median nerve
- Ulnar nerve (correct)
- Radial nerve
- Musculocutaneous nerve
- Axillary nerve
What movement does the myotome associated with the C7 nerve root primarily control?
What movement does the myotome associated with the C7 nerve root primarily control?
Which artery is typically palpated on the radial side of the wrist to assess circulation to the hand?
Which artery is typically palpated on the radial side of the wrist to assess circulation to the hand?
What is the primary action of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle?
What is the primary action of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle?
A patient presents with numbness in the palm and first three digits. Which structure is MOST likely compressed?
A patient presents with numbness in the palm and first three digits. Which structure is MOST likely compressed?
Which of the following anatomical structures is NOT located in the anatomical snuffbox?
Which of the following anatomical structures is NOT located in the anatomical snuffbox?
In a Colles' fracture, what is the typical displacement of the distal radius fragment?
In a Colles' fracture, what is the typical displacement of the distal radius fragment?
Which of the following muscles is NOT innervated by the posterior interosseous nerve?
Which of the following muscles is NOT innervated by the posterior interosseous nerve?
Which of the following best describes the location for palpating the scaphoid bone?
Which of the following best describes the location for palpating the scaphoid bone?
A patient has difficulty with wrist flexion and adduction. Which muscle is MOST likely affected?
A patient has difficulty with wrist flexion and adduction. Which muscle is MOST likely affected?
Which of the following is the MOST accurate description of Guyon's canal?
Which of the following is the MOST accurate description of Guyon's canal?
What condition results in a 'ulnar paradox'?
What condition results in a 'ulnar paradox'?
In the context of the hand's deep fascia, what is the primary function of the palmar aponeurosis?
In the context of the hand's deep fascia, what is the primary function of the palmar aponeurosis?
Which statement accurately differentiates between the roles of the flexor retinaculum and the extensor retinaculum at the wrist?
Which statement accurately differentiates between the roles of the flexor retinaculum and the extensor retinaculum at the wrist?
After sustaining a deep laceration on the anterior aspect of the forearm, a patient is unable to flex the distal interphalangeal joints of the ring and little fingers. Which structure is MOST likely damaged?
After sustaining a deep laceration on the anterior aspect of the forearm, a patient is unable to flex the distal interphalangeal joints of the ring and little fingers. Which structure is MOST likely damaged?
A surgeon is performing a digital nerve block on a patient's index finger. Why is it critical to avoid using local anesthetics containing epinephrine?
A surgeon is performing a digital nerve block on a patient's index finger. Why is it critical to avoid using local anesthetics containing epinephrine?
A patient presents with weakness in forearm pronation despite intact elbow and wrist flexion. Sensation is normal. Assuming a single nerve lesion, which nerve is MOST likely affected?
A patient presents with weakness in forearm pronation despite intact elbow and wrist flexion. Sensation is normal. Assuming a single nerve lesion, which nerve is MOST likely affected?
Following a fracture of the hook of hamate, a powerlifter complains of pain and weakness when gripping weights, plus paresthesia in the fifth digit and hypothenar eminence. Which of the following is the MOST likely underlying cause?
Following a fracture of the hook of hamate, a powerlifter complains of pain and weakness when gripping weights, plus paresthesia in the fifth digit and hypothenar eminence. Which of the following is the MOST likely underlying cause?
Flashcards
Wrist and Hand Muscle Action
Wrist and Hand Muscle Action
Muscles acting on the wrist and hand joints, their innervation, and movements produced.
Carpal Tunnel
Carpal Tunnel
A passageway in the wrist where nerves and tendons pass into the hand.
Radiographic Identifications
Radiographic Identifications
These are: bones, bony features, and joints
Radiographic Interpretation
Radiographic Interpretation
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Palpation of Upper Limb
Palpation of Upper Limb
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Superficial Forearm Muscles
Superficial Forearm Muscles
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Deep Forearm Muscles
Deep Forearm Muscles
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Deep Fascia
Deep Fascia
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Median nerve injuries
Median nerve injuries
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Flexor digitorum superficialis insertion
Flexor digitorum superficialis insertion
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Palmar interossei
Palmar interossei
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Study Notes
Upper Limb Anatomy Overview
- The practical session focuses on the clinical anatomy of the upper limb.
- Understanding muscle actions, nerve relations, and vessel pathways is crucial.
- Radiological image interpretation skills are emphasized in relation to clinical scenarios.
- Physical examination skills for locating anatomical structures are desired.
- Focus is placed on mechanisms, presentations, and complications of upper limb injuries.
- Understanding fascial planes, particularly in the hand and wrist, is important.
Recommended Resources for Preparation
- Clinically oriented anatomy texts: Moore, Agur, and Dalley (2017)
- Anatomical atlases: Agur & Dailey (2016), Netter (2014), Rohen, Yokochi & Lutjen-Drecoll (2015)
- Anatomy and physiology texts: Marieb & Hoehn (2016), Tortora & Derrickson (2013)
- Aclands Atlas of Human Anatomy is available online.
Osteology of the Forearm and Hand
- Located at Station 1, osteology focuses on the bones of the forearm and hand.
- Study the humerus features like the head, surgical/anatomical necks, and tuberosities.
- Key structures of the radius include the head, radial tuberosity, shaft, and styloid process.
- Carpal bones are organized into proximal and distal rows for study.
- The proximal row contains the scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum
- The distal row contains the pisiform, hamate, capitate, and trapezoid.
- Metacarpals and phalanges (proximal, middle, and distal) are also important.
- Acland Anatomy multimedia resources are available for the osteology station.
- Links provided include multimedia IDs 10528065 and 10528093.
Forearm Muscles
- Bony attachments dictate muscle function.
- Muscle groups should be studied according to location in the forearm.
- Superficial muscles of the anterior forearm primarily arise from the medial epicondyle of the humerus with the exception of Brachioradialis
- Intermediate muscles includes flexor digitorum superficialis.
- Deep anterior forearm muscles: flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, and pronator quadratus.
- Brachioradialis originates from the humerus, is located laterally, and inserts distally to the distal radius.
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