Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements accurately differentiates between ligaments and tendons?
Which of the following statements accurately differentiates between ligaments and tendons?
- Both ligaments and tendons connect muscle to bone, but ligaments facilitate movement, while tendons provide stability.
- Both ligaments and tendons connect bone to bone, but ligaments provide stability, while tendons facilitate movement.
- Ligaments connect bone to bone and provide joint stability, while tendons connect muscle to bone and facilitate movement. (correct)
- Ligaments connect muscle to bone and facilitate movement, while tendons connect bone to bone and provide joint stability.
Short bones are characterized by their significant length compared to their width and are primarily responsible for facilitating movement.
Short bones are characterized by their significant length compared to their width and are primarily responsible for facilitating movement.
False (B)
Which anatomical feature is located on the proximal end of the humerus and articulates with the scapula at the glenoid cavity?
Which anatomical feature is located on the proximal end of the humerus and articulates with the scapula at the glenoid cavity?
- Deltoid tuberosity
- Trochlea
- Capitulum
- Head (correct)
The distal end of the fibula forms the ______, which is the outer ankle bone.
The distal end of the fibula forms the ______, which is the outer ankle bone.
Which of the following carpal bones is located in the distal row, most lateral?
Which of the following carpal bones is located in the distal row, most lateral?
Match the following bones with their primary articulation points:
Match the following bones with their primary articulation points:
Which of these bones is the most medial in the forearm?
Which of these bones is the most medial in the forearm?
The spine of the scapula is located on the anterior surface of the bone.
The spine of the scapula is located on the anterior surface of the bone.
List any three carpal bones found in the proximal row.
List any three carpal bones found in the proximal row.
Which bone does not belong to the axial skeleton?
Which bone does not belong to the axial skeleton?
Which of the following best describes the functional significance of the fused nature of the sacrum?
Which of the following best describes the functional significance of the fused nature of the sacrum?
The primary function of the coccyx is to provide structural support for the attachment of muscles and ligaments of the pelvic floor.
The primary function of the coccyx is to provide structural support for the attachment of muscles and ligaments of the pelvic floor.
During a forensic investigation, skeletal remains are found with a detached ilium, ischium, and pubis. What conclusion can be drawn about the individual's age based solely on this observation?
During a forensic investigation, skeletal remains are found with a detached ilium, ischium, and pubis. What conclusion can be drawn about the individual's age based solely on this observation?
Weight-bearing when sitting is primarily supported by the ______.
Weight-bearing when sitting is primarily supported by the ______.
Match the cranial suture with the bones it connects.
Match the cranial suture with the bones it connects.
A patient presents with a fracture of the mandible. Which of the following functions would be most directly affected?
A patient presents with a fracture of the mandible. Which of the following functions would be most directly affected?
Humans have 7 inferior nasal conchae in total.
Humans have 7 inferior nasal conchae in total.
What is the clinical significance of the external acoustic meatus in diagnosing certain ear conditions?
What is the clinical significance of the external acoustic meatus in diagnosing certain ear conditions?
The ______ bone is the only facial bone that is not paired.
The ______ bone is the only facial bone that is not paired.
Which of the following bones contributes to both the cranial floor and the lateral wall of the skull?
Which of the following bones contributes to both the cranial floor and the lateral wall of the skull?
What connects bone to bone and provides stability to joints?
What connects bone to bone and provides stability to joints?
What connects muscle to bone and facilitates movement?
What connects muscle to bone and facilitates movement?
Describe long bones.
Describe long bones.
Which of the following are examples of long bones?
Which of the following are examples of long bones?
The proximal end of the humerus, known as the ______, articulates with the scapula at the glenoid cavity.
The proximal end of the humerus, known as the ______, articulates with the scapula at the glenoid cavity.
What part of the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus?
What part of the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus?
Which process on the ulna forms the elbow point?
Which process on the ulna forms the elbow point?
Which bone does the acromion articulate with?
Which bone does the acromion articulate with?
Which bone does the glenoid cavity articulate with?
Which bone does the glenoid cavity articulate with?
What is the spine of the scapula?
What is the spine of the scapula?
Match the carpal bones to their location in the proximal and distal rows (lateral to medial):
Match the carpal bones to their location in the proximal and distal rows (lateral to medial):
What do the carpal bones form?
What do the carpal bones form?
What are the metacarpals?
What are the metacarpals?
Which bone is the longest and strongest in the human body?
Which bone is the longest and strongest in the human body?
The distal end of the femur articulates with the ______ and ______.
The distal end of the femur articulates with the ______ and ______.
Which bone forms the medial malleolus (ankle bone)?
Which bone forms the medial malleolus (ankle bone)?
Which bone forms the lateral malleolus (outer ankle bone)?
Which bone forms the lateral malleolus (outer ankle bone)?
Which bones does the talus articulate with?
Which bones does the talus articulate with?
Which tarsal bone forms the heel?
Which tarsal bone forms the heel?
What do the metatarsals form?
What do the metatarsals form?
What are phalanges?
What are phalanges?
What does the axial skeleton consist of?
What does the axial skeleton consist of?
What does the appendicular skeleton consist of?
What does the appendicular skeleton consist of?
How many cervical vertebrae are there, and what is a key characteristic?
How many cervical vertebrae are there, and what is a key characteristic?
How many thoracic vertebrae are there, and what is a key characteristic?
How many thoracic vertebrae are there, and what is a key characteristic?
How many lumbar vertebrae are there, and what is a key characteristic?
How many lumbar vertebrae are there, and what is a key characteristic?
How many fused vertebrae make up the sacrum, and what does it articulate with?
How many fused vertebrae make up the sacrum, and what does it articulate with?
How many fused vertebrae make up the coccyx?
How many fused vertebrae make up the coccyx?
The coronal suture is located between which bones?
The coronal suture is located between which bones?
The sagittal suture is located between which bones?
The sagittal suture is located between which bones?
The lambdoid suture is located between which bones?
The lambdoid suture is located between which bones?
The squamous suture is located between which bones?
The squamous suture is located between which bones?
List the cranial bones.
List the cranial bones.
What is the external acoustic meatus?
What is the external acoustic meatus?
What part of the pelvis is the ilium?
What part of the pelvis is the ilium?
Flashcards
Ligaments
Ligaments
Connect bone to bone; provide joint stability.
Tendons
Tendons
Connect muscle to bone; facilitate movement.
Long Bones
Long Bones
Longer than wide, support weight and movement, e.g., femur.
Short Bones
Short Bones
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Radius
Radius
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Ulna
Ulna
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Carpals
Carpals
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Metacarpals
Metacarpals
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Femur
Femur
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Axial Skeleton
Axial Skeleton
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Lumbar Vertebrae
Lumbar Vertebrae
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Sacrum
Sacrum
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Coccyx
Coccyx
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Ilium
Ilium
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Ischium
Ischium
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Pubis
Pubis
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Coronal Suture
Coronal Suture
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Sagittal Suture
Sagittal Suture
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Lambdoid Suture
Lambdoid Suture
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External Acoustic Meatus
External Acoustic Meatus
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Ligament function
Ligament function
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Tendon function
Tendon function
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Examples of Long bones
Examples of Long bones
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Examples of Short Bones
Examples of Short Bones
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Humerus key parts
Humerus key parts
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Ulna key parts
Ulna key parts
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Acromion function
Acromion function
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Glenoid cavity function
Glenoid cavity function
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Spine of scapula
Spine of scapula
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Carpal bones names
Carpal bones names
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Femur key features
Femur key features
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Tibia key features
Tibia key features
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Fibula key features
Fibula key features
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Talus function
Talus function
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Calcaneus function
Calcaneus function
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Metatarsals function
Metatarsals function
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Phalanges
Phalanges
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Appendicular Skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton
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Cervical Vertebrae
Cervical Vertebrae
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Thoracic Vertebrae
Thoracic Vertebrae
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Sacrum function
Sacrum function
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Lambdoid Suture location
Lambdoid Suture location
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Squamous Suture location
Squamous Suture location
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Cranial Bones list
Cranial Bones list
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Location of Metatarsals bones
Location of Metatarsals bones
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Phalanges of the foot
Phalanges of the foot
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Function of Fibula
Function of Fibula
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Facial Bones
Facial Bones
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Talus relationship with the ankle
Talus relationship with the ankle
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Key features of Tibia
Key features of Tibia
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Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate.
Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate.
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Describe Short Bones
Describe Short Bones
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Radius functions in the arm
Radius functions in the arm
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Calcaneus functions
Calcaneus functions
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Definition of Sagittal Suture
Definition of Sagittal Suture
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Definition of Femur
Definition of Femur
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Pubis definition
Pubis definition
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Definition of Ulna
Definition of Ulna
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Study Notes
- Ligaments connect bone to bone and provide joint stability, while tendons connect muscle to bone and facilitate movement.
Long Bones vs. Short Bones
- Long bones are longer than they are wide, supporting weight and facilitating movement; examples include the femur, humerus, and tibia.
- Short bones are cube-shaped, providing stability and support with minimal movement; examples include carpals (wrist bones) and tarsals (ankle bones).
Structures of Upper Limbs
Humerus
- The proximal end features a head that articulates with the scapula at the glenoid cavity.
- The shaft includes the deltoid tuberosity, which serves as an attachment site for the deltoid muscle.
- The distal end includes the capitulum, which articulates with the radius, and the trochlea, which articulates with the ulna.
Radius
- The radius is the lateral bone of the forearm.
- Its proximal end features a head that articulates with the capitulum of the humerus.
- The distal end articulates with the carpals and is involved in the wrist joint.
Ulna
- The ulna is the medial bone of the forearm.
- The proximal end includes the olecranon process, which forms the elbow point.
- Its distal end features the styloid process, which stabilizes the wrist joint.
Structure of Scapula
- The acromion articulates with the clavicle.
- The glenoid cavity articulates with the humerus.
- The spine of the scapula is a bony ridge on the posterior surface.
Location of Carpals & Metacarpals
- Carpals are wrist bones that form the wrist joint.
- Metacarpals are palm bones, numbered I-V from thumb to pinky.
List of Carpal Bones
- The carpal bones include the scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate.
Names of Carpal Bones (Mnemonic: Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can’t Handle)
- The proximal row (lateral to medial) consists of the scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform.
- The distal row (lateral to medial) consists of the trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate.
Structures of Lower Limbs
Femur
- The femur is the longest and strongest bone in the body.
- The head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip.
- The distal end articulates with the tibia and patella.
Tibia
- The tibia is the medial and larger bone of the lower leg.
- The proximal end articulates with the femur.
- The distal end forms the medial malleolus, which is an ankle bone.
Fibula
- The fibula is the lateral, thinner bone of the lower leg.
- It provides muscle attachment and stability.
- The distal end forms the lateral malleolus, which is the outer ankle bone.
Foot Structures
Talus
- The talus articulates with the tibia and fibula, forming the ankle joint.
Calcaneus
- The calcaneus is the largest tarsal bone and forms the heel.
Metatarsals vs. Phalanges
- Metatarsals are the five bones forming the arch of the foot.
- Phalanges are toe bones, with proximal, middle, and distal bones in all toes except the big toe, which has two.
Axial vs Appendicular Skeleton
- The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.
- The appendicular skeleton includes the limbs and girdles (pectoral and pelvic).
Distinction of Vertebrae Types
- Cervical vertebrae (7) are small with transverse foramina.
- Thoracic vertebrae (12) articulate with ribs and have a heart-shaped body.
- Lumbar vertebrae (5) are large, weight-bearing, and have a thick body.
Distinction of Sacrum
- The sacrum consists of 5 fused vertebrae and articulates with hip bones.
- The coccyx consists of 3-5 fused vertebrae, forming the tailbone.
Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis
- The ilium is the largest, superior part of the pelvis.
- The ischium is the inferior, posterior part, supporting weight when sitting.
- The pubis is the anterior portion and forms the pubic symphysis.
Sutures of the Skull
- The coronal suture is between the frontal and parietal bones.
- The sagittal suture is between the two parietal bones.
- The lambdoid suture is between the occipital and parietal bones.
- The squamous suture is between the temporal and parietal bones.
Bones of the Skull
- The cranial bones (8) include the frontal, parietal (2), temporal (2), occipital, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
- The facial bones (14) include the nasal (2), maxilla (2), zygomatic (2), mandible, lacrimal (2), palatine (2), inferior nasal concha (2), and vomer bones.
- The external acoustic meatus is an opening in the temporal bone that leads to the ear canal.
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Description
Explore the anatomy of the upper limbs focusing on bone structure and function. Learn about ligaments, tendons, long bones, and short bones. Detailed structures of the humerus, radius are also covered.
