Upper Limb Anatomy and Function

Actuates upper body movement and function, transfers force and power from the upper torso, and supports dexterous movement for the upper limbs.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radioulnar joints.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biceps tendon (A), Radial collateral ligament (B), Annular ligament (C), Triceps tendon (D), Ulnar collateral ligament (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>28 to 30</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3 in each finger, except for the thumb which has 2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scaphoid (A), Lunate (B), Trapezoid (C), Trapezium (D), Hammate (E), Pisiform (F), Capitate (G), Triquetrum (H)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Extension (B), Flexion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pronation (A), Supination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biceps brachii (B), Brachioradialis (C), Brachialis (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pronator quadratus (A), Brachioradialis (B), Pronator teres (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Due to its origin and insertion, it wraps around the arm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inflammation of the condyle due to overtraining of the wrist extensors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The arm, wrist, and hand work together to move the upper body, transfer force from the torso, and allow for precise hand movements.

The bones of the upper limb are the humerus (upper arm), radius (thumb side), and ulna (pinky side).

The joints in the arm include the elbow joint, radiohumeral joint, humeroulnar joint, distal radioulnar joint, and proximal radioulnar joint.

The elbow joint is a true hinge joint, meaning it allows for movement in one plane (flexion and extension).

The radioulnar joints (proximal and distal) are pivot joints, allowing the radius and ulna to rotate around each other.

Pronation and supination, the movements of turning your palm down and up respectively, occur at the radioulnar joints.

The ligaments that support the elbow joint include the annular ligament, radial collateral ligament, ulnar collateral ligament, biceps tendon, and triceps tendon.

The human hand contains 28 to 30 bones.

Each finger, except the thumb, has three phalanges (bones). The thumb has two phalanges.

There are five metacarpals, one for each finger, located in the palm.

The hand has eight carpals, small bones located in the wrist.

The eight carpals of the hand are the scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, hamate, capitate, trapezoid, and trapezium.

The elbow joint allows for flexion (bending) and extension (straightening).

The forearm allows for supination (palm up) and pronation (palm down) due to the rotation of the radius and ulna.

The muscles located on the front (anterior) side of the arm cause flexion (bending) at the elbow joint.

The muscles located on the back (posterior) side of the arm cause extension (straightening) at the elbow joint.

The muscles that cause flexion at the elbow include the biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis.

The muscles that cause extension at the elbow include the triceps brachii and anconeus.

The pronation muscles, which rotate the forearm to turn the palm down, include the pronator quadratus, pronator teres, and brachioradialis (from supination to neutral).

The supination muscles, which rotate the forearm to turn the palm up, include the supinator, brachioradialis (from pronation to neutral), and biceps brachii (from pronation to neutral).

The biceps brachii is the strongest muscle in the biceps group, due to its larger size and leverage.

The brachioradialis is the predominant supinator because its origin and insertion wrap around the arm, allowing for efficient rotation.

Tennis elbow is a painful condition affecting the outer elbow, caused by inflammation of the tendons due to overuse of the wrist extensors.