NURS 3210 CH 27 PPT

Premedication with a small dose of aspirin or a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug 30 minutes before taking the niacin, as well as taking the niacin with meals.

Lowering triglyceride levels, and may also lower total cholesterol and LDL levels and raise HDL levels.

Activating lipase, suppressing the release of free fatty acid from adipose tissue, inhibiting synthesis of triglycerides in the liver, and increasing secretion of cholesterol in the bile.

<p>Treatment of type III, IV, and V hyperlipidemias.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Known drug allergy, severe liver or kidney disease, cirrhosis, and gallbladder disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, nausea, blurred vision, headache, increased risk of gallstones, prolonged prothrombin time, and increased liver enzyme levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased risk of myositis, myalgias, and rhabdomyolysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increase of up to 25%.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reduce cholesterol levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interaction with anticoagulant drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Obtain a thorough health and medication history</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because the FDA has imposed prescribing restrictions, allowing this dose only in patients who have already been taking the drug for 12 months without myopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>GI distress</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interaction with antidiabetic drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dose of simvastatin should not exceed 10 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bile acid sequestrants bind to bile acids in the intestine, increasing the excretion of bile acids and thus reducing the amount of bile acids available for reabsorption, leading to increased conversion of cholesterol to bile acids in the liver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At least 6 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Preventing the resorption of bile acids from the small intestine, which are necessary for cholesterol absorption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Niacin inhibits the release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue, reducing the substrate for triglyceride synthesis in the liver, ultimately leading to decreased VLDL production and increased HDL levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cholestyramine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rhabdomyolysis, which can be prevented by monitoring liver enzymes and muscle symptoms, and discontinuing the statin drug if necessary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase, the enzyme responsible for cholesterol synthesis in the liver, leading to reduced cholesterol production and increased LDL receptor expression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Constipation, heartburn, nausea, belching, and bloating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fibrates are primarily used to treat severe hypertriglyceridemia, as they effectively reduce triglyceride levels and increase HDL levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atorvastatin is dosed once daily, usually with the evening meal or at bedtime to correlate with diurnal rhythm, whereas Simvastatin has many drug interactions that may require dosing adjustments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is not specified in the content, but Atorvastatin is a statin that inhibits the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, leading to a decrease in cholesterol synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mipomersen is a subcutaneous injection used to treat homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, reducing LDL levels by inhibiting apoB-100 synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type II hyperlipoproteinemia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>PCSK9 inhibitors bind to the PCSK9 protein, preventing it from binding to the LDL receptor and tagging it for degradation, thereby increasing the expression of LDL receptors on the surface of hepatocytes and reducing LDL levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Colestipol is available in tablet form, whereas Colesevelam is available in powdered form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simvastatin is one of the first statins to become generic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A working knowledge of the pathology of lipid abnormalities and their contributions to CHD</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Triglycerides and cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Responsible for the 'recycling' of cholesterol, also known as 'good cholesterol'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Foam cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Three to four times greater than that in patients with levels less than 200 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transports cholesterol to peripheral tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transports endogenous lipids to the cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased risk of coronary heart disease</p> Signup and view all the answers