electron transport

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Questions and Answers

What is the outcome of the binding of biologically active substances to receptors?

  • The receptor is broken down into smaller components
  • The substrate is inhibited by the receptor
  • The receptor is released into the bloodstream
  • The action is initiated within the cell (correct)

What is the function of the LDL receptor in the cell?

  • To synthesize LDL in the cell
  • To facilitate the uptake of cholesterol from the bloodstream (correct)
  • To break down cholesterol in the cell
  • To inhibit the action of the receptor

What happens when there is an oversupply of cholesterol in the cell?

  • The LDL receptor protein is inhibited (correct)
  • The LDL receptor protein is synthesized
  • The LDL receptor protein is broken down
  • The LDL receptor protein is released into the bloodstream

What is the result of an insufficient number of LDL receptors in the cell?

<p>Increased levels of LDL and cholesterol in the bloodstream (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the protein in the LDL molecule?

<p>To carry cholesterol in the bloodstream (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the binding sites of membrane receptors?

<p>They have a good fit for the substrate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of membrane protein is embedded in a membrane and can be removed by treatment with detergents or extensive sonication?

<p>Integral protein (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of receptor proteins in a cell?

<p>To contain specific binding sites for extracellular substances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of transport proteins in a cell?

<p>To mediate the entry of specific substances into a cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of protein is bound to the outside of a membrane by polar or electrostatic interactions?

<p>Peripheral protein (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the lateral motion of components in a membrane?

<p>Membrane fluidity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of anchoring proteins in a cell?

<p>To anchor proteins to membranes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a lipid bilayer in a cell membrane?

<p>To provide structural support to the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the process by which a molecule or ion moves through an opening or pore in a membrane?

<p>Simple diffusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the process by which substances enter a cell by binding to a carrier protein?

<p>Facilitated diffusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the model in which proteins and a lipid bilayer exist side by side without covalent bonds between them?

<p>Fluid-mosaic model (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cell membranes in cells?

<p>To separate cells from the external environment and transport specific substances (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main force driving the formation of lipid bilayers?

<p>Hydrophobic interaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the arrangement of hydrocarbon chains in saturated fatty acids?

<p>Linear arrangement leading to rigidity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cholesterol on the order and rigidity of lipid bilayers?

<p>It increases order and enhances rigidity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is characteristic of animal membranes compared to plant membranes?

<p>Presence of cholesterol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a phase transition on the surface area of a lipid bilayer?

<p>It increases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the membranes of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

<p>Prokaryotes have more fluid membranes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of membrane proteins in biological membranes?

<p>They facilitate the transport of specific substances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the enzymes found in biological membranes?

<p>Their function depends on the membrane environment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the arrangement of lipid molecules in a lipid bilayer?

<p>Polar head groups are in contact with water and the hydrophobic parts are not in contact with water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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