Questions and Answers
What is the main reason why whole grains are considered healthy?
What is unique about the bran around a popcorn kernel?
What happens to the endosperm when a popcorn kernel is heated?
What is the main function of proteins in the body?
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What is the primary source of amino acids in the body?
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Why are lean meats considered healthier than fatty meats?
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Which of the following is an example of a 'good' fat?
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What is the main difference between whole grains and other grains?
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What do vegetables provide for energy?
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What is the part of the plant that your body can't easily break down?
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What are the small, hard, dry fruits of tall grasses?
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What is the largest part of a grain kernel?
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What is the difference between brown bread and white bread?
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What is the part of the grain that gives the young plant its food?
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What is the benefit of eating enough fiber?
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Study Notes
Importance of Vegetables
- Vegetables are packed with vitamins, minerals, and carbohydrates, providing energy without excess calories.
- Leafy, dark-green "super vegetables" like kale and spinach are rich in vitamins A and C, and calcium.
- These nutrients help maintain healthy eyes, strong bones, and quick healing.
Fiber in Vegetables
- Fiber is the part of the plant that the body can't easily break down, like the strings of celery.
- Eating enough fiber helps with regular bowel movements and comfortable digestion.
Grains
- Grains are small, hard, dry fruits of tall grasses, such as corn, wheat, rice, millet, and barley.
- A grain kernel is made up of three parts: bran, germ, and endosperm.
- Whole grains provide fiber, vitamins, and minerals, while refined grains lack these nutrients.
Types of Bread
- Brown breads are made from whole grains, providing more nutrients and fiber due to the inclusion of bran and germ.
- White breads are made from refined grains, lacking nutrients and fiber due to the removal of bran and germ.
Popcorn
- Popcorn is a special type of corn that pops due to the hard bran and endosperm, which traps steam and builds pressure until the kernel bursts.
Protein Foods
- Protein foods include meat, poultry, seafood, eggs, beans, tofu, and nuts, which are essential for building and repairing body tissues.
- Proteins are built from amino acids, with the body needing all types of amino acids to function properly.
- Meat, fish, poultry, and eggs contain the full set of amino acids, while plant-based foods can provide the full set through a balanced diet.
Lean Meats vs. Fatty Meats
- Fat is a necessary nutrient, but some fats are healthier than others.
- Lean meats like chicken and turkey, and good fats like those found in fish, nuts, avocados, tofu, and beans, are healthier than fatty meats like red meats.
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