Dysphagia and Anatomy of the Larynx

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List 4 signs/symptoms of dysphagia.

Inability to recognize food, difficulty placing food in mouth, inability to control food and or saliva, coughing before, during, and/or after a meal, reoccuring pnemonia (PNA), weight loss, wet/gurgly vocal quality

Please identify 4 professionals who are most often a part of a multidisciplinary treatment approach to dysphagia.

OT, dietitian, nurses, doctors (neurologists, ENTs, GI, etc)

During this phase, rotary and lateral tongue movements control placement of the bolus on the teeth and within the oral cavity

Oral (correct)

Pharyngeal

Esophageal

None of the above

This is the longest stage and lasts about 8-20 seconds.

Esophageal Signup and view all the answers

During this phase, the tongue drops down and pulls posteriorly.

Pharyngeal Signup and view all the answers

During this phase, the larynx moves up and forward as a unit

Pharyngeal Signup and view all the answers

This cranial nerve supplies motor function the muscles of the tongue. Also the only cranial nerve that provides muscle function.

Hypoglossal (XII) Signup and view all the answers

This cranial nerve carries signals from the taste buds of the anterior ⅔ of the tongue.

Facial (XII) Signup and view all the answers

This nerve provides sensation to the posterior ⅓ of the tongue; motor supply to the stylopharyngeus muscle (elevates the pharynx during swallowing)

Glosspharyngeal Signup and view all the answers

Vallecular residue, as seen via MBS or FEES, may point to weakness of:

Base of tongue Signup and view all the answers

Bony outgrowths of the cervical vertebrae that can impinge on hyolaryngeal excursion, epiglottic deflection or UES opening are called:

Osteophytes Signup and view all the answers

Aspiration pneumonia most often occurs in which lobe?

Right lower lobe Signup and view all the answers

FEES does not require travel and can be performed at bedside

True Signup and view all the answers

MBS can be done bedside

False Signup and view all the answers

FEES is more expensive than MBS

False Signup and view all the answers

Both MBS and FEES are free from radiation exposure

False Signup and view all the answers

All phases of swallowing can be seen with MBS.

True Signup and view all the answers

The oral phase and aspiration are easily viewed with FEES

False Signup and view all the answers

What are 4 possible pulmonary complication association with aspiration PNA?

Aspiration, respiratory distress, PNA, death, choking, airway compromise, tracheostomy, malnutrition/dehydration, weight loss, chronic respiratory illness, alternative feeding routes Signup and view all the answers

Decreased epiglottic closure or inversion and decreased laryngeal closure can result in penetration and/or aspiration ______ the swallow.

During Signup and view all the answers

What region of the brain controls the reflexive swallow?

Brainstem Signup and view all the answers

This muscle prevents the bolus from leaking out of the mouth during the oral phase

Orbicularis oris Signup and view all the answers

This muscles depresses and retracts the tongue; makes the dorsum more convex

Hyoglossus Signup and view all the answers

Located in the posterior oral cavity, this area is the most stimulable area to trigger a swallow

Faucial arches Signup and view all the answers

Large u-shaped bone; attachment for extrinsic laryngeal muscles.

Mandible Signup and view all the answers

This muscles raises the floor of the mouth and aids in pulling the hyoid forward.

Mylohyoid Signup and view all the answers

This U-Shaped bone is positioned horizontally in the neck at the level of C3

Hyoid Signup and view all the answers

The _____ is considered the "swallowing center" of the brain.

Medulla Signup and view all the answers

According to ASHA, pharyngeal dysphagia can be diagnosed with a clinical swallowing evaluation (CSE).

False Signup and view all the answers

The presence of a strong productive cough is a positive prognostic factor for patients with dysphagia.

True Signup and view all the answers

The effortful swallow is designed to help what kinds of problems?

Reduced posterior movement of the base of tongue, reduced laryngeal movement Signup and view all the answers

Dysphagia and Anatomy of the Larynx

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Questions and Answers

List 4 signs/symptoms of dysphagia.

Please identify 4 professionals who are most often a part of a multidisciplinary treatment approach to dysphagia.

During this phase, rotary and lateral tongue movements control placement of the bolus on the teeth and within the oral cavity

This is the longest stage and lasts about 8-20 seconds.

During this phase, the tongue drops down and pulls posteriorly.

During this phase, the larynx moves up and forward as a unit

This cranial nerve supplies motor function the muscles of the tongue. Also the only cranial nerve that provides muscle function.

This cranial nerve carries signals from the taste buds of the anterior ⅔ of the tongue.

This nerve provides sensation to the posterior ⅓ of the tongue; motor supply to the stylopharyngeus muscle (elevates the pharynx during swallowing)

Vallecular residue, as seen via MBS or FEES, may point to weakness of:

Bony outgrowths of the cervical vertebrae that can impinge on hyolaryngeal excursion, epiglottic deflection or UES opening are called:

Aspiration pneumonia most often occurs in which lobe?

FEES does not require travel and can be performed at bedside

MBS can be done bedside

FEES is more expensive than MBS

Both MBS and FEES are free from radiation exposure

All phases of swallowing can be seen with MBS.

The oral phase and aspiration are easily viewed with FEES

What are 4 possible pulmonary complication association with aspiration PNA?

Decreased epiglottic closure or inversion and decreased laryngeal closure can result in penetration and/or aspiration ______ the swallow.

What region of the brain controls the reflexive swallow?

This muscle prevents the bolus from leaking out of the mouth during the oral phase

This muscles depresses and retracts the tongue; makes the dorsum more convex

Located in the posterior oral cavity, this area is the most stimulable area to trigger a swallow

Large u-shaped bone; attachment for extrinsic laryngeal muscles.

This muscles raises the floor of the mouth and aids in pulling the hyoid forward.

This U-Shaped bone is positioned horizontally in the neck at the level of C3

The _____ is considered the "swallowing center" of the brain.

According to ASHA, pharyngeal dysphagia can be diagnosed with a clinical swallowing evaluation (CSE).

The presence of a strong productive cough is a positive prognostic factor for patients with dysphagia.

The effortful swallow is designed to help what kinds of problems?

This feeding tube involves creating a stoma in which the feedings delivered directly to the stomach.

This is a method of getting nutrition into your body through your veins

Tube inserted through one are and into the stomach

This tube is inserted into the oral cavity and leads down into the stomach

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