Dysphagia and Anatomy of the Larynx
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Questions and Answers

List 4 signs/symptoms of dysphagia.

Inability to recognize food, difficulty placing food in mouth, inability to control food and or saliva, coughing before, during, and/or after a meal, reoccuring pnemonia (PNA), weight loss, wet/gurgly vocal quality

Please identify 4 professionals who are most often a part of a multidisciplinary treatment approach to dysphagia.

OT, dietitian, nurses, doctors (neurologists, ENTs, GI, etc)

During this phase, rotary and lateral tongue movements control placement of the bolus on the teeth and within the oral cavity

  • Oral (correct)
  • Pharyngeal
  • Esophageal
  • None of the above
  • This is the longest stage and lasts about 8-20 seconds.

    <p>Esophageal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During this phase, the tongue drops down and pulls posteriorly.

    <p>Pharyngeal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During this phase, the larynx moves up and forward as a unit

    <p>Pharyngeal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    This cranial nerve supplies motor function the muscles of the tongue. Also the only cranial nerve that provides muscle function.

    <p>Hypoglossal (XII)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    This cranial nerve carries signals from the taste buds of the anterior ⅔ of the tongue.

    <p>Facial (XII)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    This nerve provides sensation to the posterior ⅓ of the tongue; motor supply to the stylopharyngeus muscle (elevates the pharynx during swallowing)

    <p>Glosspharyngeal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vallecular residue, as seen via MBS or FEES, may point to weakness of:

    <p>Base of tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bony outgrowths of the cervical vertebrae that can impinge on hyolaryngeal excursion, epiglottic deflection or UES opening are called:

    <p>Osteophytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aspiration pneumonia most often occurs in which lobe?

    <p>Right lower lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    FEES does not require travel and can be performed at bedside

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    MBS can be done bedside

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    FEES is more expensive than MBS

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Both MBS and FEES are free from radiation exposure

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All phases of swallowing can be seen with MBS.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The oral phase and aspiration are easily viewed with FEES

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are 4 possible pulmonary complication association with aspiration PNA?

    <p>Aspiration, respiratory distress, PNA, death, choking, airway compromise, tracheostomy, malnutrition/dehydration, weight loss, chronic respiratory illness, alternative feeding routes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Decreased epiglottic closure or inversion and decreased laryngeal closure can result in penetration and/or aspiration ______ the swallow.

    <p>During</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What region of the brain controls the reflexive swallow?

    <p>Brainstem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    This muscle prevents the bolus from leaking out of the mouth during the oral phase

    <p>Orbicularis oris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    This muscles depresses and retracts the tongue; makes the dorsum more convex

    <p>Hyoglossus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Located in the posterior oral cavity, this area is the most stimulable area to trigger a swallow

    <p>Faucial arches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Large u-shaped bone; attachment for extrinsic laryngeal muscles.

    <p>Mandible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    This muscles raises the floor of the mouth and aids in pulling the hyoid forward.

    <p>Mylohyoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    This U-Shaped bone is positioned horizontally in the neck at the level of C3

    <p>Hyoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ is considered the "swallowing center" of the brain.

    <p>Medulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to ASHA, pharyngeal dysphagia can be diagnosed with a clinical swallowing evaluation (CSE).

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The presence of a strong productive cough is a positive prognostic factor for patients with dysphagia.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The effortful swallow is designed to help what kinds of problems?

    <p>Reduced posterior movement of the base of tongue, reduced laryngeal movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    This feeding tube involves creating a stoma in which the feedings delivered directly to the stomach.

    <p>Gastronomy (G-Tube)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    This is a method of getting nutrition into your body through your veins

    <p>PPN/TPN</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tube inserted through one are and into the stomach

    <p>NG Tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    This tube is inserted into the oral cavity and leads down into the stomach

    <p>OG Tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

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