Kauri and Titoki Trees

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Kauri, Kauri Pine

• Size is 30-60m x15m
• Narrowly columnar when young (ricker), broadly spreading when mature
• Lower branches fall away leaving a domed heavy high canopy
• Evergreen
• Foliage is lanceolate leathery leaves that are bronze to green
• Flowers are long male brown cones and rounded female round blue-green 60mm cones
• Requires average well drained soil
• Prefers part shade to full sun
• Naturally occurs from Te Paki in the north to Pukenui (near Kawhia) in the west and Te Puke in the east
• Waikato is the most southern occurring area

Titoki, New Zealand Ash

• Size is 10m x 8m
• Shape is a broadly spreading tree
• Evergreen
• Foliage is alternate pinnate leaves that are shiny mid green
• Red flowers grow in small, clustered sprays; fruit is fleshy red partly surrounding a black seed and expands from a furry brown capsule
• Flowers from October to December; fruits from November to August, large birds spread seed
• Prefers fertile, moist, well-drained loams
• Requires full sun and is sensitive to frost and wind
• Endemic to the North and South Island from Te Paki to Banks Peninsula
• Fleshy red seed is edible, oil from seeds, fruits edible but acidic and rough, used as a street tree that is urban pollution tolerant, specimen or shade tree

Cabbage Tree/ Ti Kouka, Ti, Palm Lily

• Size is 5-10m x 1-4m
• An erect palm like tree
• Evergreen
• Foliage is long arching lance shaped to linear leaves - mid green
• Dead leaves often forming a skirt around the base of the tufts
• Produces creamy white flowers in broad panicles 1m long, followed by white or blue berries
• Flowers from Sept to Jan (often shorter) with ripe seeds from December to March
• Birds disperse seed
• Prefers fertile moist soils
• Grows best in sun to part shade
• Endemic and common from the coast to 800m ASL
• Used as a feature plant for structure & form, native planting & revegetation, can handle wet and dry

Kahikatea, White Pine

• Size is 65 m x 15 m
• Changing form from juvenile to mature tree
• Evergreen
• Foliage is small soft scale like overlapping leaves
• Bronze on juvenile trees, dark green on adult trees
• Narrow & yellow male cones on the tips of branches, Fleshy orange & purple female cones
• Prefers moist to wet soils
• Should be placed in sun to part shade
• Usually found in large forest areas, or as remnant bush on farmland making it N.Z's tallest tree and a specimen tree for wet sites

Rimu, Red Pine

• Size is 40 m x 10 m
• Conical trees rounding with age
• Evergreen
• The Trunk bear of branches 3/4 of length
• Trunk is stout 1.2-2m diameter, with dark brown bark falling off in thick large flakes
• Dark green scale like overlapping leaves prickly to touch on weeping stems
• Male cones on the tips of branchlets with yellow pollen
• Female cone is single ovule in a red cup like scale
• Flowers December to March, fruit between February and May
• Prefers humus rich well drained soil

Rimu Continued...

• Grows from sun to part shade - hardy
• Endemic to North, South and Stewart Island uncommon in large parts of eastern South Island
• Specimen tree in large garden & park; native restoration

Rewarewa, NZ Honeysuckle

• Size is 30 m x 10 m
• A Columnar tree
• Evergreen
• Alternate narrowly oblong dark green leaves with serrated edges
• New growth like velvet 30cm long, mature leaves stiff & leathery 10-15 cm long
• Tubular red flowers with yellow stamens in clusters becoming a pod like brown capsule, attracts nectar feeding birds
• Flowers appear September, October to December
• Fruit capsules form from the previous year from October to December
• Requires poor well drained soils
• Grows best in sun but protect from frosts when young
• Can be found from coastal forests to the low ranges, pioneer plant in native revegetation
• Great street trees in parks & garden; excellent for narrow spaces, in avenues, but can be sensitive to wind

Kanuka / White Tea Tree

• Size is 20m x 5m
• Bushy shrub to small tree
• Evergreen
• Foliage are small soft lanceolate leaves that are mid to dark green or red
• Prolific solitary cup shaped flowers with 5 petals - white pink or red in spring followed by small round seed capsules
• Prefers poor well drained soils
• Grows best in sun to part shade
• Used for revegetation / native planting wind & salt resistant, pioneer' species
• Create shrub borders, flowers are a feature although brushwood can suffer from sooty mould, many different cultivars
• Fire wood & nectar source for bees

Manuka / Tea Tree

• Size is 4m x 3m
• Bushy shrub to small tree
• Evergreen
• Foliage is small stiff sharp pointed lanceolate leaves mid to dark green or red
• Prolific double red flowers to 10mm across, in spring followed by small round seed capsules
• Requires poor, well drained soil
• Grows best in sun to part shade
• Produce dense red flowers, fine foliage scented when crushed

Pohutukawa

• Size is 20 m x 10 - 20 m
• Broadly spreading large tree often with horizontal branches
• Evergreen
• Foliage is opposite elliptic leathery leaves dark green above & velvety grey underneath
• Produces red stamens with yellow tipped anthers followed by a small cream seed capsule
• Requires poor well drained sandy loams
• Can grow in full sun
• Flowers are red in early summer, often multi stemmed

Tanekaha / Celery Pine

• Size is 20m x 6m
• Narrowly conical
• Evergreen
• Cladodes (modified stems) are similar in shape to celery leaves & are arranged on branchlets in whorls
• Male flowers - red catkin like in terminal clusters
• Female flowers - small solitary purple cones on the ends of cladodes
• Prefers moist well drained loams
• Grows best in sun or part shade
• Normally found from sea level to c.1000 m a.s.l, common tree in northern New Zealand where it is often found growing in association with kauri (Agathis australis) on ridge lines
• Specimen tree in parks & large gardens
• Very flexible stems were used as fishing rods, red dye is extracted from the bark

Karo

• Size is 9x4m
• Shrub or small tree
• Evergreen
• Foliage is alternate thick, leathery, elliptic leaves, greyish-white under sides, 5-7 cm long
• Flowers are 12 mm across, dark red to crimson, well scented with Seed pods with sticky black seeds
• Needs average and well drained soil
• Does best in full sun and tolerate light frost
• Thick leaves lighter colour below, dark red to black flowers and is hardy

Tarata / Lemonwood

• Size: 12 m x 5 m
• Large tree with spreading open crown
• Evergreen
• Foliage is simple elliptic glossy light green leaves with wavy margins creamy mid-vein
• Produces star shaped creamy yellow flowers in dense terminal clusters – strongly honey scented becoming a small woody black capsule
• Prefers most moist well drained soils
• Grows in sun to part shade
• Quick & easy to grow and is a good shelter belt tree
• Leaves are lemon scented when crushed

Kohuhu (Tar Seed)

• Size is 8m x 4m
• Small upright conical tree
• Evergreen
• Foliage is simple oblong leaves with wavy margins – glossy dark green above paler underneath, thin leaved
• Flowers are solitary dark red on terminal shoots with a strong honey scent becoming a mature black capsule
• Grows best in most moist well drained soils
• Does well in sun to part shade
• Has a light canopy, dark stems, scented flowers, many cultivars for garden & landscape use

Totara

• Size is 30 m x 6m
• Broadly conical tree
• Evergreen
• Foliage is linear leathery leaves brown to dark green & sharp to touch 15-30mm x 3-4mm
• Male flowers are small green maturing to yellow pollen cones
• Female flowers are in clusters becoming a swollen red fruit with ovoid seed, sweet to taste with Fruits taking a year to ripen
• Fruits found through the year but frequently between April and May
• Prefers loamy well drained soils
• Sun to part shade
• Endemic through most of New Zealand
• Large gardens, farms & parks

Totara Continued...

• Makes dense hedging e.g. Hamilton Gardens
• Timber very durable; used as fence posts

Kowhai

• 6-9m tall, 3-4m wide branches spreading or drooping
• Spreading small tree or shrub, juvenile form has divaricating habit
• Evergreen
• Foliage is pinnate leaves to 15cm long with up to 40 pairs of dark green leaflets
• Bright Golden yellow pea like flowers in spring
• Moderate fertility, well drained soils
• Needs full sun
• The yellow flowers of this outstanding small tree are beautiful in early spring