digestive system p2

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role of mucus in stomach

digest proteins

neutralise stomach acid

protect stomach lining (correct)

absorb nutrients

main fn of jejunum

absorb water

digest fats

absorb nutrients (correct)

producing digestive enzymes

What condition is characterized by an inability to digest gluten?

lactose intolerance

crohn's disease

coeliac disease (correct)

irritable bowel syndrome

Which of the following lifestyle choices can lead to bowel cancer?

D) Both B and C Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of diarrhea?

C) Infections or digestive disorders Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of macrophages in the lymphatic system?

C) Phagocytizing pathogens and presenting antigens Signup and view all the answers

How does the ileum differ from the jejunum in terms of function?

C) It absorbs vitamin B12 and bile salts Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of pancreatic enzymes?

B) Digesting proteins, carbohydrates, and fats Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of intestinal juice?

A) Digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the liver in digestion?

D) All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Describe the process of peristalsis and its importance in digestion.

Peristalsis is the process of wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract. It is essential for pushing food from the esophagus to the stomach and through the intestines. Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the structure of the small intestine maximizes nutrient absorption.

The small intestine has a highly folded inner surface with villi and microvilli that increase the surface area for nutrient absorption. This structure maximizes the efficiency of nutrient uptake. Signup and view all the answers

What is chronic kidney disease and how does it affect the formation of urine?

Chronic kidney disease is a long-term condition where the kidneys lose function over time. It affects urine formation by reducing the kidneys' ability to filter waste from the blood, leading to decreased urine output and buildup of toxins in the body. Signup and view all the answers

Physical digestion in the mouth involves chewing, which breaks down food into smaller pieces, increasing the surface area for enzymes. Chemical digestion begins with salivary amylase breaking down starches into sugars.

Describe how physical and chemical digestion work together in the mouth. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of enzymes in the digestive process.

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the digestive process. They break down complex molecules like proteins, carbohydrates, and fats into simpler forms that can be absorbed by the body. Signup and view all the answers

_______________ disease is caused by an immune reaction to eating gluten.

coeliac Signup and view all the answers

_______________ are finger-like projections that increase the surface area of the small intestine for absorption.

villi Signup and view all the answers

_______________ is the enzyme that breaks down starches in the mouth.

amylase Signup and view all the answers