Zaid bin Sabit & Abu Bakr: Islamic History

• Zaid bin Sabit was the first Ansar to pledge allegiance to Hazrat Abu Bakr as the Khalifa.
• Zaid bin Sabit participated in the Battle of Yamama and fought against Musailma.
• During Hazrat Abu Bakr's Khilafat, Zaid bin Sabit was tasked with compiling the Quran after many who memorized it died. He produced a compilation after consulting with companions.
• During the Khilafat of Hazrat Umar, Zaid bin Sabit was appointed as the Qazi of Madinah and was often his deputy when Umar went to perform Hajj or Umrah.
• During the Khilafat of Hazrat Usman, Zaid bin Sabit was responsible for the public treasury.
• Zaid bin Sabit was a member of the committee that prepared copies of the original Quran and was knowledgeable about inheritance commands.

Hazrat Abu Bakr (R.A)

• Hazrat Abu Bakr (R.A) was a close friend of the Prophet (PBUH) from childhood.

• He was called Abu Bakr, meaning "father of baby camels," by Arabs due to his fondness for young camels.

• Hazrat Abu Bakr was the first free adult male from the Prophet's immediate family to accept Islam without hesitation.

• Hazrat Abu Bakr faced persecution for his faith and was once dragged through the streets of Makkah for stopping the Makkans from attacking the Prophet.

• Hazrat Abu Bakr brought other Makkans to Islam, including Usman, Talha, and Zubair.

• He bought and freed Muslim slaves, including Hazrat Bilal.

• Hazrat Abu Bakr readily accepted the truth of the Prophet's account of the Miraj and was given the title "Al Siddiq" (Testifier to the Truth).

• Hazrat Abu Bakr accompanied the Prophet on the Hijra in 622 AD and stayed with him in the cave of Thaur, mentioned in the Quran as "Second of the Two" (9:40).

• After migration, Hazrat Abu Bakr farmed and participated in all important battles against the Makkans and Jews. He guarded the Prophet's camp in Badr and showed willingness to fight his own son in Uhad.

• Hazrat Abu Bakr supported the Treaty of Hudaibiya in 6 AH/628 AD and pacified Hazrat Umar, and remained firm at the battle of Hunain.

• He made large financial contributions to the expedition of Tabuk and placed all his wealth in donation.

• Hazrat Abu Bakr led the first pilgrimage to Makkah and the prayers during the Prophet's last illness.

• At the time of the Prophet's death, Hazrat Abu Bakr addressed the Muslim community and made everyone realize that Islam was to continue.

Hazrat Umar Ibn Khattab (RA)

• Hazrat Umar R.A was born in 590 A.D. and was a learned, educated, intelligent, strong-spirited person and a wealthy merchant.
• In the sixth year of Islam, the Prophet (P.B.U.H) prayed for Allah to strengthen Islam by Umar bin Khattab or Amr bin Hisham.
• Umar decided to kill the Prophet (P.B.U.H) but converted to Islam after learning his sister and brother-in-law had converted.
• Umar beat his sister and her husband for reciting the Quran before calming down and reciting Surah Taha.
• The Prophet (P.B.U.H) gave Umar the title of Al Farooq.
• Most Muslims migrated to Madinah secretly, but Umar R.A migrated openly.
• Umar R.A participated in battles such as Badr, Uhad, Trench, Khyber, and Hunain.
• Umar shared a camel with Abu Bakr and AbdurRehman bin Auf during the battle of Badr.
• Umar was among those who encircled the Prophet (P.B.U.H) to protect him from Quraish and also dug the trench around Madinah.
• His ties with Prophet (PBUH) were strengthened when Prophet (PBUH) married his daughter Hazrat Hafsa.
• Umar took the pledge of Rizwan at the hand of the Prophet (P.B.U.H) to avenge the blood of Usman, expressing unhappiness about the treaty of Hudabiyah.
• During the Expedition of Tabuk, Umar gave half of his wealth and the deep love of the Prophet (P.B.U.H) and, on the Prophet's death, made Abu Bakr realize that Islam was to continue.

Hazrat Usman ibn Affan R.A

• Hazrat Usman belonged to the Umayyad clan of the Quraish and was among the few people in Makkah who could read and write. He was from noble stock, a well-established family, and a successful trader.
• He accepted Islam early on at the invitation of Hazrat Abu Bakr R.A and was the first Umayyad to accept Islam.
• Despite his status and wealth, he suffered persecution from his uncle but did not leave Islam.
• Hazrat Usman R.A married the Prophet's (P.B.U.H) daughter Hazrat Ruqayya R.A and migrated with her first to Abyssinia and later to Madina.
• He did not participate in the Battle of Badr due to her ill health. After she passed away, he married the Prophet's (P.B.U.H) other daughter Umm Kulthoom R.A and was given the title of Zunn-Nurain, the one with two lights.
• At Hudaibiya, Prophet (P.B.U.H) asked him to inform the Makkans of his intention to make a pilgrimage to the Ka'aba.
• He rode alongside the Prophet at the Conquest of Makkah and escorted the Prophet's (P.B.U.H) wives at the Farewell Pilgrimage.
• Hazrat Usman R.A. was very generous and was given the title of al-Ghani, spending freely from his wealth for the cause of Islam.
• The Prophet pbuh said, "For every apostle of Allah, there was a constant companion and my companion in Paradise will be Usman."

Hazrat Ali bin Abu Talib (R.A)

• Hazrat Ali was the son of the Holy Prophet's paternal uncle Abu Talib.
• Hazrat Muhammad took Hazrat Ali into his house to relieve Abu Talib, and Hazrat Ali became one of the first to accept Islam at ten years old.
• Hazrat Ali is remembered as the one whom the Prophet Muhammad asked to sleep in his bed on the night of the Hijra and returned the entrusted items.
• A sign of Hazrat Ali closeness to the Prophet is that he was paired with the Prophet, who said; "You are my brother in this world and the next".
• In the second year of the Hijra, he married the Holy Prophet's youngest daughter Hazrat Fatima.
• In the second year of the Hijra, he married the Holy Prophet's youngest daughter Hazrat Fatima.
• At Uhad, the Prophet Muhammad again gave him the Muslim banner, and he defended the Holy Prophet.
• At the battle of al-Khandaq, he defeated his foe, and he was among the leaders in the siege of the Jewish tribe of Banu Qurayza.
• The Prophet (pbuh) gave him the title of "Asad ullah" i.e the lion of Allah. He wrote the treaty of al-Hudaybiya.
• During the pilgrimage led by Hazrat Abu Bakr 9AH, he was sent by the Holy Prophet to read out new teachings.
• The Prophet indicated that Hazrat Ali was his closest assistant saying: 'Are you not content to be with respect to me as Harun was to Musa, except that after me there shall be no other Prophet?'
• The Prophet took Hazrat Ali's hand and declared, 'Of whomsoever I am lord, this Ali is also his lord. O Allah! Be the supporter of whoever supports Ali and the enemy of whoever opposes him.'

Talha ibn Ubaidullah

• Talha ibn Ubaidullah was among the first Muslims who accepted Islam at the hands of Hazrat Abu Bakr in Makka.
• People tied up on the ground Talha and Abu Bakr.
• The fingers of Talha's hand remained useless after the Battle of Uhud.
• The Prophet pbuh gave him the title of 'Fayyaz', and he supported Hazrat ‘Ali for the caliphate.

Zubayr ibn al-Awwam

• Zubayr ibn al-Awwam was a cousin of the Prophet Muhammad and nephew of Hazrat Khadija.
• He was one of the Muslims who accepted Islam after Hazrat Abu Bakr.
• He went on the migration to Abyssinia, and he played a prominent part in the battles of Badr and Hunayn and in the expedition to Khabar.
• He had given him the title of Disciple of the Messenger of Allair, About Talke and Zubair, the Holy Prophets said: "Talke and Zubair are my neighbors in Paradise."

Sa'ad ibn abi Waqqas

• Sa'ad ibn abi Waqqas was one of those who accepted Islam at the hands of Hazrat Abu Bakr.
• Sa'ad wounded an opponent in the time of Islam.
• Sa'ad took part in early expeditions and fought at the Battle of Badir and was one of the defenders of the wounded Prophet.
• 'The Best Archer and advised the successive Caliphs gave him the title from the Prophet.

Abd ar-Rahman ibn 'Awf

• Abd ar-Rahman ibn 'Awf accepted Islam at the hands of Hazrat Abu Bakr and from the harassment of the Quraysh in Abyssinia.
• In Madina, Abd al-Rahman set about making a living for himself and sold cheese and butter in the market, and as time went on, he became wealthy enough to send out trading caravans.
• He took turns with Hazrat Abu Bakr RA and Hazrat "Umar R.A riding the same camel and also took part in the Battle of Uhud, where he was severely wounded and remained lame afterwards.

Abu 'Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah

• Abu 'Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah was another among the early Makkan converts to Islam.
• The Christian delegation that visited the Prophet in Madina was impressed, the Prophet sent Abu Ubayda R.A with them to act as a judge in disputes between them.
• During the caliphate of Hazrat 'Umar R.A, he was put in charge of the Muslim Forces that captured Palestine and Syria.

Sa'eed Ibn Zayd (R.A)

• Sa'eed ibn zayd (R.A) was one of the early converts of Islam. His sister Fatima was married to Umar, who accepted Islam when he heard them reciting Surah Taha.
• He took part in all the major campaigns and battles fought during the lifetime of the Prophet (P.B.U.H) except Badr.
• He was present during the treaty of Hudaibiyah and participated in the conquest of Makkah, and he was known for his courage and bravery.