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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason why a high price can communicate a superior product image?

  • The product has a high price elasticity
  • High price stimulates market growth
  • The product has a unique feature
  • High demand from a sufficient number of buyers (correct)
  • In the targeting process, which of the following steps is NOT correct?

  • Choosing the target segments
  • Generating profiles of segments
  • Developing and maintaining a chosen positioning concept (correct)
  • Evaluating the attractiveness of each segment
  • Which tool is most effective for positioning products?

  • Cluster analysis
  • Perceptual maps (correct)
  • Brand personality analysis
  • Conjoint analysis
  • What is the price elasticity of demand if the demand for a product falls by 15% when the price increases by 10%?

    <p>0.66, demand is price elastic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data is collected from focus groups?

    <p>Primary data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approach that focuses on customer equity, customer insight, and customer equity share?

    <p>New-results approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following philosophies is NOT a competing philosophy under which organizations can choose to conduct their business?

    <p>The production philosophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for all thoughts, feelings, images, experiences, and beliefs associated with a brand?

    <p>Brand knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of segmentation is used by the Modern Museum of Art when it separates its consumers by whether they are culture-oriented or outdoor-oriented?

    <p>Psychographic segmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of distribution involves selling products through a small number of intermediaries to selected pharmacies only?

    <p>Selective distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of market research?

    <p>To understand the market, industries, or customers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is correct about demographic segmentation?

    <p>A generation segment consists of a cohort where members share the same cultural, economic, and political experiences and values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the next step after segmenting a market?

    <p>Targeting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the value of a customer to a firm over the lifetime of the relationship?

    <p>Customer equity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of strategy focuses on building strong relationships with intermediaries to push a product through the distribution channel?

    <p>Push-strategy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When determining communication objectives, which of the following is most relevant at this stage?

    <p>Increasing brand awareness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of different persons or households exposed to a particular media schedule at least once during a specified time period known as?

    <p>Reach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an advantage of foreign direct investment over exporting?

    <p>Lower risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of selecting one or more market segments to enter called?

    <p>Targeting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a marketing advantage of strong brands?

    <p>More inelastic consumer response to price decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept that enables buyers and sellers to gain from being effective and efficient called?

    <p>Positioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a Point of Parity (POP) and a Point of Difference (POD)?

    <p>A POP is a parity between brands, while a POD is a difference between brands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of dividing a larger market into smaller, more defined groups based on shared characteristics called?

    <p>Segmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Market Segmentation

    • Companies segment their markets to understand their consumers' needs and preferences.
    • The Modern Museum of Art used lifestyle segmentation by separating consumers into culture-oriented or outdoor-oriented groups.

    Target Market

    • Target marketing involves evaluating the attractiveness of each segment and choosing the target segment(s).
    • Marketers develop and maintain a chosen positioning concept within the targeting process.

    Positioning

    • Positioning involves developing and maintaining a unique identity for a product or brand in the minds of the target market.
    • A tool for positioning products is perceptual maps, which graphically display the perceptions of brands in the market.

    Pricing

    • A price increase can lead to a decrease in demand, indicating price elasticity of demand.
    • The price elasticity of demand is calculated by the percentage change in demand divided by the percentage change in price.

    Market Research

    • Companies conduct market research to understand their markets, industries, or customers.
    • Market research data is classified into primary data (e.g., focus groups) and secondary data (e.g., government statistics).

    Marketing Philosophy

    • The holistic marketing philosophy emphasizes the internal and external stakeholders and the overall well-being of the company.

    Branding

    • Brand equity includes all thoughts, feelings, images, experiences, and beliefs associated with the brand.
    • Brand awareness, brand knowledge, brand identity, and brand image are all related concepts.

    Distribution

    • Selective distribution involves selling products through a small number of intermediaries to selected outlets, enabling more knowledgeable and dedicated selling.

    Intermediaries

    • A push strategy is advisable when customers repeatedly reach for the same brands in the retail store.

    Communication Objectives

    • Increasing brand awareness is a relevant objective at the initial stage of communication.

    Media Planning

    • Reach refers to the number of different persons or households exposed to a particular media schedule at least once during a specified time period.

    Internationalization

    • Foreign direct investment has advantages over exporting, including more control, cost economies, and a deepened relationship with the host government.

    Positioning and Segmentation

    • Positioning supposes that commonalities, as well as differences between brands, are identified.
    • A POD (point of difference) is a characteristic that sets one brand apart from another.

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