16 Questions
Which structure of the bacteriophage is directly responsible for attaching to the bacterial surface?
tail fibers
Which viral disease affects both dogs and cats?
Canine hepatitis
Vaccines for which of the following diseases are NOT typically produced using viruses?
Foot and mouth disease
Which viral disease specifically affects plants causing symptoms like yellowing of veins?
Yellow vein mosaic
Which of the following is NOT a component of the bacteriophage structure?
Enzyme sheath
What surrounds the RNA strand in a tobacco mosaic virus?
Protein subunits
Which of the following is NOT a component of the HIV virus as indicated in the image?
Cas9
What is the role of reverse transcriptase in the HIV virus?
Converts viral RNA into DNA
Which labeled component of the HIV virus interacts directly with host cell receptors to facilitate entry?
gp120
In which virus shown is the RNA coiled within a structural component, and what is that component?
Tobacco mosaic virus, within protein subunits
What is the primary structural component of a virus that surrounds its genetic material?
Capsid
Which of the following diseases is NOT primarily transmitted through air?
Polio
Where can viruses be found according to the content?
In air, water, soil, and living organisms
Which preventive measure is common for both Hepatitis A and Polio?
Vaccination
When outside the host body, viruses appear as which of the following?
Non-living crystalline structures
What is one way to prevent the transmission of chicken pox?
Not sharing personal belongings of the patient
Study Notes
Bacteriophage
- A virus that infects bacteria, composed of a head, collar, tail sheath, tail fibers, and base plate.
Viruses
- Microscopic organisms, smaller than bacteria, can be both living and non-living.
- Found in air, water, soil, and living organisms.
- Consist of a nuclear core with DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat (capsid).
- Derive nutrition from the host cell (e.g., bacterium, plant, or animal).
Diseases Caused by Viruses
- In plants: Tobacco mosaic, dwarf mosaic of maize, yellow vein mosaic of okra.
- In animals: Foot and mouth disease of cattle, pigs, and hoofed animals, canine hepatitis in dogs and cats.
- In humans: Common cold, influenza, corona, polio, measles, AIDS, and others.
Vaccine Production
- Vaccines are produced from viruses for polio, smallpox, chickenpox, and measles.
Coiled RNA
- Tobacco mosaic virus: composed of many protein subunits surrounding a coiled strand of RNA.
- HIV Virus: components include gp120, gp41, RNA, capsid, matrix, and reverse transcriptase.
Harmful Effects of Viruses
- Diseases in humans: Hepatitis A, measles, chicken pox, polio, and others.
- Modes of transmission and prevention measures:
- Hepatitis A: waterborne, prevented by vaccination and drinking clear boiled water.
- Measles: airborne, prevented by isolating the infected person.
- Chicken pox: airborne and direct contact, prevented by not sharing personal belongings.
- Polio: airborne and waterborne, prevented by vaccination and wearing a mask.
All about viruses how they look,live and prevention from them and about harmfull viruses...
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