10 Questions
how does AMPK influence food intake?
if energy levels are low, AMPK is activated to create pathways to generate ATP
what are the episodic gut signalling hormones?
CCK,GLP-1 and PPY
what is the action of amylin
amylin is released to repress glucagon by decreasing food intake centrally and delaying gastric emptying which sends signals to the hypothalamus that theres is enough food in the stomach
what is the action of CCK and GLP-1
They inhibit AgRP/NPY suppressing food intake
what is the action of ghrelin?
Ghrelin activates NPY/AgRP to increase food intake.
what is the main hormone involved in tonic signalling ?
leptin
what is the action of leptin?
leptin is released from adipose tissue and is dependent on the release of insulin. increased leptin levels signal to the brain that the body has enough energy storage therefore inhibiting food intake and increasing energy
what happens when leptin is dysregulated
dysregulation of leptin can result in low leptin levels which tricks the brain into thinking the body is starved which leads to over eating and excess fat storage
explain how diet related obesity leads to leptin dysregulation
in diet-ralated obesity, the overconsumption of saturated fatty acids causes leakage out of the blood brain barrier causing inflammatory responses in the hypothalamic neurons making them unresponsive to leptin.
what is leptin resistance
when high leptin levels are interpreted as low triggering the starvation response (fat storage and increase of food intake)
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