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Questions and Answers

According to Fiorito, what is essential to focus on in teaching?

  • what students need (correct)
  • developing various skills
  • improving vocabulary
  • teaching grammar

    • What led to the increased demand for English for Specific Purposes courses, according to Harding?

  • better student grades
  • increased level of proficiency
  • more use of CLIL
  • all of the above (correct)

    • What is the main subdivision of English for Academic Purposes, according to Basturkmen?

  • English for Professional Purposes
  • English for Occupational Purposes
  • English for Testing Purposes
  • English for Academic Publication (correct)

    • What is the primary objective of a needs analysis, according to ESP principles?

    <p>to determine the features of language that students will require</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of English for Occupational Purposes, according to Basturkmen?

    <p>medicine, law, and the military</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central idea of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), according to Harding?

    <p>integrating language and content learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rationale behind the increased demand for English for Specific Purposes courses, according to Rahman?

    <p>all of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Basturkmen categorize English for Specific Purposes courses, according to Rahman?

    <p>into three main branches: EAP, EOP, and EPP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to McCarthy, McKarten, and Sandiford (2014), what is the purpose of asking questions in the form of statements in a conversation?

    <p>To check understanding and add words like right, huh, or then</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of General English?

    <p>Developing everyday English communication skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between General English and English for Specific Purposes?

    <p>General English focuses on the four main skills, while English for Specific Purposes focuses on learners' real-world contexts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Rahman (2015), what is the primary focus of English for Specific Purposes?

    <p>Focusing on learners' real-world contexts and needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event led to the emergence of English for Specific Purposes as a need?

    <p>The Second World War</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of ESP courses?

    <p>They are designed with the tasks that people need to be effective in their profession</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between General English and English for Specific Purposes?

    <p>They are two distinct approaches to teaching English</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of teaching English for Specific Purposes?

    <p>To enable learners to perform better in their real-world contexts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most effective method for teaching English for Specific Purposes?

    <p>There is no specific method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference in the use of relative pronouns in English?

    <p>Who is used for people and that is used for things.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of assessment is typically used to evaluate student learning through standardized tests?

    <p>Summative assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of formative assessment?

    <p>To provide feedback to students during the learning process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct form of the verb in the sentence to express a wish?

    <p>Past simple tense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using relative pronouns in a sentence?

    <p>To connect two clauses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the consistency of results in a measurement instrument?

    <p>Reliability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the method of measuring student intelligence by asking students to do push-ups not valid?

    <p>Because it is not a direct measure of intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following sentences is an example of expressing a wish?

    <p>I wish I had a car.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct relative pronoun to use in the sentence 'The city _______ I was born is very beautiful.'?

    <p>where</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of materials are designed for native speakers and are not specifically designed for language learners?

    <p>Authentic materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of diagnostic assessment?

    <p>To identify student strengths and weaknesses at the beginning of a course</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the sentence 'I wish I had a car'?

    <p>To express a wish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for assessment that evaluates student learning in relation to their own previous performance?

    <p>Ipsative assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of using a relative pronoun to refer to a thing?

    <p>The book that is on the table.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between 'I wish I had a car' and 'I wish I have a car'?

    <p>The verb tense used</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the Bank Street method in early childhood education?

    <p>Child-centered education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of the Early Childhood Education Curriculum?

    <p>To recognize personal, social, and cultural diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Bank Street method, how do children learn?

    <p>Through active educational opportunities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the basic learning of early childhood and the first grade of Basic General Education?

    <p>They are adequately articulated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the development of the large muscles of the body?

    <p>Gross motor skill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the teacher in the Bank Street method?

    <p>To facilitate child-centered learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of field trips in the Bank Street method?

    <p>To provide supplementary education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the underlying principle of the Early Childhood Education Curriculum?

    <p>Diversity and inclusivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    English Grammar

    • Relative pronouns: who for people, that for things, and where for places
    • Examples:
      • She worked for a man who used to be a politician.
      • I dropped a glass that was new.
      • The girl who works in the bank is from India.
      • Portoviejo is the city where the earthquake happened in 2016.

    Expressing Wishes

    • To express a wish, use the verb in the past tense
    • Examples:
      • I wish I had a car.
      • I wish I could go on holiday.

    English for Specific Purposes (ESP)

    • Focuses on the needs of learners in their real-world contexts
    • Pragmatic in its results
    • Contrasted with General English, which focuses on the development of a high standard of everyday English communication skills

    History of ESP

    • Emerged as a need after the Second World War due to the expansion in scientific, technical, and economic activities
    • Rahman, M. (2015) points out that after the Second World War, the world changed, and it was necessary to adapt to the teaching of English to the new demands

    Characteristics of ESP Courses

    • Designed with the vocabulary and tasks that people need to be effective in their profession
    • Fiorito (2022) states that it is necessary to focus on what students need because there is no time to develop other skills
    • Examples of ESP courses:
      • English for Academic Purposes (EAP)
      • English for Professional Purposes (EPP)
      • English for Occupational Purposes (EOP)

    Assessment in ESP

    • Formative assessment: usually does not require grades, e.g., in-class discussions, clicker questions, group work
    • Summative assessment: evaluates student learning through standardized tests, exams, final projects
    • Rahman, M. (2015) states that formative assessment is based on student participation, but summative assessment is based on the grade students get

    Validity and Reliability

    • Validity: measures what it is intended to measure
    • Reliability: produces consistent results
    • Fiorito (2022) claims that a test that measures student intelligence by asking students to do push-ups is reliable but not valid

    Authentic Materials

    • Designed for native speakers, not for language learners
    • Examples: newspaper articles, radio advertisements
    • Rock, A. (2022) states that authentic materials are designed for native speakers, not for language learners

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