Acute Cholecystitis and Complications
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Questions and Answers

Which bacterial species, considered normal flora in the small intestine, can play a minor role in acute cholecystitis?

  • Klebsiella pneumoniae (correct)
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • Clostridium difficile
  • Staphylococcus aureus
  • Which of the following is a risk factor for cholecystitis according to the text?

  • Not having children
  • Male gender
  • Younger than 30 years old
  • Obesity (correct)
  • What is part of Charcot’s triad associated with cholangitis?

  • LUQ pain & fever
  • LLQ pain & anemia
  • Epigastric pain & diarrhea
  • RUQ pain & jaundice (correct)
  • What does the pathophysiology of cholecystitis involve?

    <p>Obstruction of bile outflow by gallbladder stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which demographic group is at a higher risk of developing cholelithiasis according to the text?

    <p>Multiparous women above 40 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the flow of venous blood in the chest get impeded during active straining?

    <p>Due to increased intrathoracic pressure causing the large veins to collapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common complication of cholecystitis if left untreated?

    <p>Peritonitis &amp; pancreatitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the atria and ventricles when they receive less blood due to impeded venous flow?

    <p>They deliver fewer blood during systolic contractions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs almost immediately after a period of hypotension during active straining?

    <p>A drop in arterial pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In patients with hypertension, why might the compensatory reaction to a transient drop in arterial pressure be exaggerated?

    <p>Due to exaggerated sympathetic nervous system response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk in patients with hypertension who experience exaggerated compensatory reactions after a transient drop in arterial pressure?

    <p>Arterial rupture in the brain or elsewhere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nursing intervention is recommended for children aged 4-12 years old experiencing constipation?

    <p>Establish a regular pattern of bowel movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom associated with acute cholecystitis?

    <p>Vomiting and belching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic evaluation method involves taking an X-ray after ingesting dye?

    <p>Oral cholecystography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of T-tube placement during surgical management?

    <p>To maintain patency of the common bile duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which procedure allows direct visualization of the hepatobiliary system?

    <p>Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of oral cholecystography?

    <p>Kidney damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the least common way to diagnose Dumping Syndrome?

    <p>Flexible endoscopic exams with biopsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should patients AVOID in their diet during exacerbations of Dumping Syndrome?

    <p>Spicy food and large quantities of milk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is NOT listed as part of the combination therapies for managing Dumping Syndrome?

    <p>Sucralfate (Carafate)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which surgical procedure is commonly performed to manage Dumping Syndrome?

    <p>Billroth I (Gastroduodenostomy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug category provides coating to the stomach to manage Dumping Syndrome?

    <p>Cytoprotective drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is advised to help reduce pain in patients with Dumping Syndrome?

    <p>Using anticholinergic/antimuscarinic agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by total absence of all pituitary secretions?

    <p>Simmonds' disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT listed as a possible etiology of hypopituitarism?

    <p>Excessive subcutaneous fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common manifestation in females with hypopituitarism?

    <p>Uterine and vaginal atrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nucleus releases mostly OT in the hypothalamus?

    <p>Paraventricular nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible clinical manifestation of a pituitary tumor?

    <p>Bitemporal hemianopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common effect seen in children with hypopituitarism?

    <p>Delayed puberty but eventual normal sexual development</p> Signup and view all the answers

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