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Questions and Answers
What is the primary site of replication for filoviruses?
What is the primary site of replication for filoviruses?
- Nucleus
- Cytoplasm (correct)
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Golgi apparatus
What is the primary mechanism of transmission for filoviruses?
What is the primary mechanism of transmission for filoviruses?
- Airborne transmission
- Contaminated food and water
- Vector-borne transmission
- Direct contact and bodily secretions (correct)
What is the primary effect of TLR4 activation in the context of filovirus infection?
What is the primary effect of TLR4 activation in the context of filovirus infection?
- Increased viral replication
- Induction of apoptosis
- Inflammation and hemorrhagic fever (correct)
- Immune system suppression
Which of the following groups is most likely to be infected with filoviruses?
Which of the following groups is most likely to be infected with filoviruses?
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What are the primary examples of filoviruses?
What are the primary examples of filoviruses?
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Study Notes
Filovirus Characteristics
- Filoviruses are helical RNA viruses with a negative-sense genome.
- They have a helical orange wrapping around the genome, indicating their helical structure.
- Replication occurs in the cytoplasm, like all RNA viruses (excluding orthomyxovirus).
Filovirus Structure
- Filoviruses are enveloped, having a lipid bilayer derived from the host cell membrane.
Examples of Filoviruses
- Ebola virus
- Marburg virus
Filovirus Infection
- Filoviruses cause hemorrhagic fever, demonstrated by petechial rash, hemorrhage, and shock.
- The infection can lead to end-organ failure, specifically affecting the kidneys and liver.
- Fatal outcome is common, characterized by severe blood loss and shock.
Transmission and Vectors
- Filoviruses can be spread through direct contact with infected bodily fluids, such as blood and secretions.
- Vectors of filoviruses include monkeys and fruit bats.
- Healthcare workers are at a higher risk of getting infected due to their occupational exposure.
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