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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the nosepiece in a microscope?

  • Hold the slide in place
  • Concentrate light onto the specimen
  • Rotate the objective lenses (correct)
  • Control the amount of light passing through

Which part of the microscope is responsible for supporting the head of the microscope?

  • Arm (correct)
  • Objective Lens
  • Fine Adjustment Knob
  • Stage Clips

What is the purpose of the diaphragm in a light microscope?

  • Hold the slide in place
  • Rotate between different magnifications
  • Move the stage up and down quickly
  • Control the amount of light going through the condenser (correct)

Which microscope uses two or more lenses for magnification?

<p>Compound Light Microscope (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the condenser in a microscope?

<p>Concentrate light onto the specimen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the microscope is used for precise focusing?

<p>Fine Adjustment Knob (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of drawing a standard curve in an ELISA experiment?

<p>To plot the concentration on the X-axis and absorbance on the Y-axis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the quality control sample in an ELISA experiment?

<p>It helps determine if the results are within an acceptable range (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who pioneered the technique of electrophoresis for protein separation?

<p>Arne Tiselius (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of electrophoresis?

<p>&quot;Migration of charged molecules under an external magnetic field&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an ELISA experiment, what happens after reading the results?

<p>The standard curve is drawn (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the unknown concentration of samples determined in an ELISA experiment?

<p>By finding the concentration opposite to the absorbance on the standard curve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the most common microorganisms found on the skin surface?

<p>Staphylococcus epidermidis and Diphtheroids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of normal flora on the skin surface in preventing infections?

<p>Competing with pathogenic organisms for resources (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacteria protect the conjunctiva from infections?

<p>Moraxella and Diphtheroids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main protective mechanism of lysozyme in tears for the eyes?

<p>Breaking down bacterial cell walls (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions can resident Bacteroides species become pathogenic in the peritoneal cavity or pelvic tissues?

<p>When introduced into these tissues due to trauma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes common resident bacteria such as Bacteroides from becoming pathogenic under normal circumstances?

<p>They maintain a commensal relationship with the host (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Gram staining in ecological studies?

<p>To observe microorganisms labeled by fluorochromes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist is credited with the development of the Gram staining technique?

<p>Hans Christian Gram (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Carl Weigert add to the Gram staining procedure a few years after its initial development by Hans Christian Gram?

<p>Staining with Safranin as a counterstain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of the Gram staining technique mentioned in the text?

<p>Not all bacteria can be definitively classified by this technique (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bacteria did Hans Christian Gram discover preferentially took up and retained certain stains?

<p>Gram-positive bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Carl Weigert's addition of Safranin staining enhance the Gram staining procedure?

<p>It counterstained Gram-negative bacteria red for visualization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of agarose gel electrophoresis?

<p>To separate molecules based on their molecular size (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In agarose gel electrophoresis, why do smaller molecules move faster compared to larger molecules?

<p>Smaller molecules penetrate the agarose gel more easily (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are biomolecules separated in agarose gel electrophoresis?

<p>By their molecular size (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the agarose gel in agarose gel electrophoresis?

<p>To provide a medium for biomolecule separation based on size (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique might benefit from using molecules separated by agarose gel electrophoresis?

<p><strong>PCR</strong> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is agarose gel electrophoresis commonly used in biotechnology laboratories?

<p>To separate nucleic acids based on size (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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