Bio Ch2
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Questions and Answers

What type of cells produce the enzymes in saliva?

  • Cells in testes
  • Ribosomes
  • Pancreatic cells
  • Saliva-secreting cells (correct)

What is the main function of mitochondria?

  • Cell division
  • Hormone regulation
  • Energy conversion (correct)
  • Protein synthesis

Where are some ribosomes typically found?

  • Mitochondria
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Nucleus
  • Rough ER (correct)

What is the significance of the number of mitochondria in a cell?

<p>It affects the cell's energy requirement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cells in testes?

<p>Produce male sex hormones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is characteristic of a ribosome?

<p>It is involved in protein synthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of a mitochondrion?

<p>It has a double membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the inner membrane of a mitochondrion like?

<p>It is highly folded (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is methylene blue solution used in the observation of animal cells and tissues?

<p>To stain the cell structures so they can be observed more clearly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to the ox eye after the practical?

<p>Dispose of it properly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to cover any exposed wounds with sterile dressings?

<p>To prevent infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using forceps to place a cover slip over the cells?

<p>To flatten the cells for observation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should people with G6PD deficiency not use methylene blue solution?

<p>Because it causes haemolysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding a drop of methylene blue solution to the touched area?

<p>To stain the cells so they can be observed more clearly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should disposable gloves be worn during the practical?

<p>To avoid contact with the methylene blue solution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be used instead of methylene blue solution for people with G6PD deficiency?

<p>Safranine solution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the magnification of an image?

<p>Magnification = size of the image / size of the object (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of the actual size of the white blood cell in Fig 2.16?

<p>μm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of step 2 in calculating the actual size of the white blood cell?

<p>To find out the magnification of the photomicrograph (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of the magnification of the photomicrograph in Fig 2.16?

<p>400 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the length of the cell in the photomicrograph in Fig 2.16?

<p>0.6 cm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the total magnification of an electron micrograph?

<p>Total magnification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of calculating the actual size of the white blood cell?

<p>To understand the structure and function of the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the calculation to find the actual size of the white blood cell?

<p>Actual size = Length of the cell in the photomicrograph ÷ Magnification (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of all cells?

<p>They contain DNA as their genetic material (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between light microscopes and electron microscopes?

<p>The type of beam used to form an image (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between light microscopes and electron microscopes?

<p>Resolution of images (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microscope is best suited for observing the surface of a specimen?

<p>Scanning electron microscope (SEM) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is observed in a larger area of the specimen under low-power magnification?

<p>More cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using electron microscopes over light microscopes?

<p>They can produce higher magnification and resolution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key concept in the Cell Theory?

<p>All cells come from pre-existing cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of using a high-power magnification under a microscope?

<p>A smaller area of the specimen is observed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist is credited with the discovery of the fine structure of cell organelles?

<p>The discovery is not attributed to a specific scientist (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the total magnification of a compound microscope be calculated?

<p>By multiplying the magnification of the objective lens and eyepiece lens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a transmission electron microscope (TEM)?

<p>To pass electron beams through a very thin slide of a specimen to form an image (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a low-power magnification under a microscope?

<p>To observe a larger area of the specimen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using electron microscopes over light microscopes?

<p>Higher resolution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major difference between bacteria and cells?

<p>Bacteria are a type of cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the brightness of the image and the magnification power under a microscope?

<p>The brightness of the image decreases as the magnification power increases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the images produced by light microscopes and electron microscopes?

<p>Resolution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Calculating Actual Size of an Image

  • To calculate the actual size of an image, use the formula: Magnification = size of the image / size of the object
  • Example: If the length of a white blood cell in a photomicrograph is 0.6 cm and the magnification is 400, the actual size of the cell is 0.6 cm / 400 = 0.0015 cm or 15 μm

Types of Microscopes

  • Light microscopes and electron microscopes are two types of commonly used microscopes
  • Electron microscopes can produce images with higher magnifications and resolution compared to light microscopes

Electron Microscopes

  • There are two types: Transmission Electron Microscopes (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM)
  • TEM: Electron beams pass through a very thin slide of a specimen to form an image
  • SEM: Electron beams scan over the surface of a specimen to form an image

Magnification and Resolution

  • Low-power magnification: larger area of specimen observed, less details observed, brighter image
  • High-power magnification: smaller area of specimen observed, more details observed, dimmer image

Total Magnification of a Compound Microscope

  • Can be calculated by multiplying the magnifications of individual lenses

Cell Structures

  • Ribosome: a small particle involved in protein synthesis, not surrounded by a membrane, can be attached to rough ER or free in cytoplasm
  • Mitochondrion: bounded by a double membrane, involved in cellular respiration, converts chemical energy into energy for the cell, number of mitochondria related to energy requirement of the cell

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