Bio Ch2
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Questions and Answers

What type of cells produce the enzymes in saliva?

  • Cells in testes
  • Ribosomes
  • Pancreatic cells
  • Saliva-secreting cells (correct)

    • What is the main function of mitochondria?

  • Cell division
  • Hormone regulation
  • Energy conversion (correct)
  • Protein synthesis

    • Where are some ribosomes typically found?

  • Mitochondria
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Nucleus
  • Rough ER (correct)

    • What is the significance of the number of mitochondria in a cell?

    <p>It affects the cell's energy requirement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cells in testes?

    <p>Produce male sex hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of a ribosome?

    <p>It is involved in protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of a mitochondrion?

    <p>It has a double membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the inner membrane of a mitochondrion like?

    <p>It is highly folded</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is methylene blue solution used in the observation of animal cells and tissues?

    <p>To stain the cell structures so they can be observed more clearly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to the ox eye after the practical?

    <p>Dispose of it properly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to cover any exposed wounds with sterile dressings?

    <p>To prevent infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using forceps to place a cover slip over the cells?

    <p>To flatten the cells for observation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should people with G6PD deficiency not use methylene blue solution?

    <p>Because it causes haemolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding a drop of methylene blue solution to the touched area?

    <p>To stain the cells so they can be observed more clearly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should disposable gloves be worn during the practical?

    <p>To avoid contact with the methylene blue solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be used instead of methylene blue solution for people with G6PD deficiency?

    <p>Safranine solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the magnification of an image?

    <p>Magnification = size of the image / size of the object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of the actual size of the white blood cell in Fig 2.16?

    <p>μm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of step 2 in calculating the actual size of the white blood cell?

    <p>To find out the magnification of the photomicrograph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of the magnification of the photomicrograph in Fig 2.16?

    <p>400</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the length of the cell in the photomicrograph in Fig 2.16?

    <p>0.6 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the total magnification of an electron micrograph?

    <p>Total magnification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of calculating the actual size of the white blood cell?

    <p>To understand the structure and function of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the calculation to find the actual size of the white blood cell?

    <p>Actual size = Length of the cell in the photomicrograph ÷ Magnification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of all cells?

    <p>They contain DNA as their genetic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between light microscopes and electron microscopes?

    <p>The type of beam used to form an image</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between light microscopes and electron microscopes?

    <p>Resolution of images</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of microscope is best suited for observing the surface of a specimen?

    <p>Scanning electron microscope (SEM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is observed in a larger area of the specimen under low-power magnification?

    <p>More cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using electron microscopes over light microscopes?

    <p>They can produce higher magnification and resolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key concept in the Cell Theory?

    <p>All cells come from pre-existing cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of using a high-power magnification under a microscope?

    <p>A smaller area of the specimen is observed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist is credited with the discovery of the fine structure of cell organelles?

    <p>The discovery is not attributed to a specific scientist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the total magnification of a compound microscope be calculated?

    <p>By multiplying the magnification of the objective lens and eyepiece lens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a transmission electron microscope (TEM)?

    <p>To pass electron beams through a very thin slide of a specimen to form an image</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a low-power magnification under a microscope?

    <p>To observe a larger area of the specimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using electron microscopes over light microscopes?

    <p>Higher resolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major difference between bacteria and cells?

    <p>Bacteria are a type of cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the brightness of the image and the magnification power under a microscope?

    <p>The brightness of the image decreases as the magnification power increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the images produced by light microscopes and electron microscopes?

    <p>Resolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Calculating Actual Size of an Image

    • To calculate the actual size of an image, use the formula: Magnification = size of the image / size of the object
    • Example: If the length of a white blood cell in a photomicrograph is 0.6 cm and the magnification is 400, the actual size of the cell is 0.6 cm / 400 = 0.0015 cm or 15 μm

    Types of Microscopes

    • Light microscopes and electron microscopes are two types of commonly used microscopes
    • Electron microscopes can produce images with higher magnifications and resolution compared to light microscopes

    Electron Microscopes

    • There are two types: Transmission Electron Microscopes (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM)
    • TEM: Electron beams pass through a very thin slide of a specimen to form an image
    • SEM: Electron beams scan over the surface of a specimen to form an image

    Magnification and Resolution

    • Low-power magnification: larger area of specimen observed, less details observed, brighter image
    • High-power magnification: smaller area of specimen observed, more details observed, dimmer image

    Total Magnification of a Compound Microscope

    • Can be calculated by multiplying the magnifications of individual lenses

    Cell Structures

    • Ribosome: a small particle involved in protein synthesis, not surrounded by a membrane, can be attached to rough ER or free in cytoplasm
    • Mitochondrion: bounded by a double membrane, involved in cellular respiration, converts chemical energy into energy for the cell, number of mitochondria related to energy requirement of the cell

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