Circular Motion Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Where are the horses with the greatest linear speed located on a merry-go-round?

  • Near the center
  • Anywhere, as they all move at the same speed
  • At a 45-degree angle from the center
  • Near the outside (correct)

    • Which horse moves faster in meters per second on a merry-go-round?

  • The one with the heavier rider
  • One near the outer rail (correct)
  • Both move at the same speed in m/s
  • One near the inner rail

    • What happens to the linear speed of a pet hamster on a record player if the rotational speed is doubled?

  • It halves
  • It remains the same
  • It doubles (correct)
  • It becomes zero

    • If a pet hamster moves to a point twice as far from the center of a record player, what happens to its linear speed?

    <p>It doubles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do outer railroad tracks need to be longer than inner tracks when making a curve?

    <p>So the wheels on the outer track can roll faster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a tapered wheel rim on a railroad train?

    <p>To cover different distances per revolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Compared with the wide part of a tapered wheel, what is the tangential speed of the narrow part?

    <p>Less</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the linear speed of a wheel on a railroad train as it moves from the inner track to the outer track on a curved section?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A rock tied to a string is whirled in a circular path. Compared to a rock at the end of the string, a rock at the middle of the string has a linear speed that is

    <p>half as fast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A car travels in a circular path at constant speed. What is the direction of the net force exerted on the car?

    <p>toward the center of the curve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A person is riding a Ferris wheel that makes one complete rotation per minute. If they are seated 10 m from the axis of rotation, what is their linear speed?

    <p>62.8 m/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the rotational inertia of an object when most of its mass is nearer the axis of rotation?

    <p>it decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    You can swing your legs to and fro more frequently when they are

    <p>bent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An industrial flywheel has a greater rotational inertia when most of its mass is

    <p>nearer the rim</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A string with several rocks tied along its length is whirled in a circular path. Compared to a rock at the end of the string, a rock at the middle of the string moves

    <p>half as fast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A car travels in a circular path at constant speed. What can be said about the car's acceleration?

    <p>it is directed toward the center of the curve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that affects the time it takes for a rotating object to fall to the ground?

    <p>Its rotational inertia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is a vertically-held sledge hammer easier to balance when the heavier end is away from your hand?

    <p>Because of its rotational inertia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a force and a torque?

    <p>A force involves distance from an axis of rotation, while a torque involves leverage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A broom standing on its pole-end takes longer to fall to the ground than a broom standing on its bristles-end because of the difference in their

    <p>rotational inertia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the rate at which a jar rolls down an incline?

    <p>Its rotational inertia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A torque acting on an object tends to produce

    <p>angular acceleration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does a tin can filled with water roll down an incline faster than a tin can filled with ice?

    <p>Because water 'slides' inside the can, reducing its rotational inertia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a torque acting on an object in mechanical equilibrium?

    <p>The object will remain stationary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the force responsible for a car moving steadily along a no-friction icy banked curve?

    <p>Radial component of the normal force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does centripetal force do no work on a circularly-moving object?

    <p>Because the force is always perpendicular to the direction of motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the path of the bob of a conical pendulum?

    <p>Circular path</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between linear momentum and angular momentum?

    <p>Both of these</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of multiplying the equation for linear momentum by radial distance r?

    <p>Angular momentum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the gravitational field simulated by rotation in a space habitat that is best suited for humans?

    <p>g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of the centripetal force acting on an object moving in a circular path?

    <p>Radial to the circle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for an object to maintain circular motion?

    <p>A constant net force acting radially inward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Circular Motion

    • On a merry-go-round, horses near the outside move faster than those near the center due to greater linear speed.
    • The linear speed of a horse increases as its distance from the center of the merry-go-round increases.
    • If a turntable's rotational speed is doubled, the linear speed of a pet hamster sitting on the edge of the record will also double.
    • If the hamster moves to a point twice as far from the center of the record player, its linear speed will also double.
    • On a curved railroad track, the outer track is longer, so the wheel on the outer track needs to roll faster than the wheel on the inner track to cover the same distance.
    • A tapered wheel rim on a train allows it to cover different distances per revolution on a curved track.
    • The narrow part of a tapered wheel on a railroad train has a lower tangential speed compared to the wide part.

    Circular Motion

    • The linear speed of an object in circular motion is proportional to its rotational speed and radius.
    • Objects at different distances from the center of circular motion can have different linear speeds.
    • The circumference of a bicycle wheel is 2 meters, and if it rotates at 1 revolution per second, its linear speed is 2 m/s.
    • A rock at the middle of a spinning string moves half as fast as a rock at the end of the string.

    Force and Circular Motion

    • The net force exerted on a car traveling in a circular path at constant speed is directed toward the center of the curve.
    • If you're on a Ferris wheel at a carnival, seated 10 m from the Ferris wheel's axis that makes a complete rotation each minute, your linear speed is 62.8 m/min.

    Rotational Inertia

    • The rotational inertia of an object is greater when it is not symmetrical or when its mass is farther from the axis of rotation.
    • A leg has a greater rotational inertia when it is straight.
    • You can swing your legs to and fro more frequently when your legs are bent.

    Centripetal and Centrifugal Force

    • Centrifugal forces are an apparent reality to observers in a rotating reference frame.
    • The force responsible for a car moving steadily along a no-friction icy banked curve is due to the radial component of the normal force.
    • Centripetal force does no work on a circularly-moving object because it has no component in the direction of motion.
    • A conical pendulum swings in a circular path.

    Angular Momentum

    • Angular momentum involves radial distance and two types of speed.
    • Multiplying the equation for linear momentum by radial distance r gives angular momentum.
    • The gravitational field simulated by rotation in a space habitat that is best suited for humans is in a sphere.

    Rotational Inertia and Real-World Applications

    • Attaching a heavy glob of clay to the upper end of a meterstick increases the time it takes to fall when rotated.
    • A vertically-held sledge hammer is easier to balance when the heavier end is at the top, away from your hand.
    • A broom stands upright longer when the bristles end is on the floor.
    • A filled jar rolls down an incline in a shorter time than an empty one.
    • A tin can filled with water rolls down an incline in a shorter time than one filled with ice.

    Torque

    • Torque involves rotation, leverage, and distance from an axis of rotation.
    • A torque acting on an object tends to produce rotation.

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    Conceptual Physics Chapter 8 Rotational Motion Solutions PDF

    Description

    Test your understanding of circular motion concepts, including linear speed, rotational speed, and distance from the center.

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