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Questions and Answers

Which decay is exponential?

  • Alpha decay
  • Beta decay
  • Gama decay (correct)
  • Neutron decay

Signal compression does not occur in?

  • Peripheral Nervous System
  • Sensory Neurons
  • Motor Neurons
  • CNS (correct)

What is signal adaptation?

  • The process of amplifying a weak signal
  • The receptor adjusting to a continuous stimulus by reducing sensitivity (correct)
  • Conversion of a signal from one form to another
  • The decay of a signal over distance

Where are alpha particles used?

<p>Therapeutics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are beta particles used in diagnostic imaging?

<p>Only in specific conditions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the lumen of a vessel increases/dilates 3 times, what happens to the velocity?

<p>It is 3 times slower (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Far point vs near point relates to which conditions?

<p>Hyperopia vs Myopia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the inner, middle, and outer ear all do?

<p>Transmit sound (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of resistance?

<p>Ohm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an ammeter measure?

<p>Current (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of radioactivity?

<p>Nuclear instability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which medical imaging technique is a tracer used?

<p>PET (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle of an X-ray?

<p>Ionizing radiation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does MRI stand for?

<p>Magnetic Resonance Imaging (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Doppler effect primarily used for in medicine?

<p>Measuring blood flow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Potassium channels contribute most to which membrane potential?

<p>Resting membrane potential (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which channels are not open during the resting state of a membrane?

<p>Leakage channels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Nernst equation is used to calculate what?

<p>Membrane potential (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the resistance of the renal artery typically?

<p>0.6 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do fluoroscopy layers primarily provide?

<p>Dynamic imaging (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When gamma radiation goes through the body, what changes?

<p>The nuclei of the cell and The DNA structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the lumbosacral angle typically?

<p>40 degrees (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if you stand on one leg?

<p>7x more load than original is put on femur head (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is ice slippery?

<p>Small value of friction coefficient (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true about stereocilia in the inner ear?

<p>Involved in balance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes spherical aberration?

<p>Imperfect curvature of lens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines viscosity in-vivo according to Poiseuille's law?

<p>all are correct (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Nernst equation calculate?

<p>Membrane potential (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of sodium-potassium ATPase pump?

<p>Pumping sodium out and potassium into the cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an electrocardiogram (EKG) contain?

<p>Heart rate variability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the resistance of the renal artery typically?

<p>0.6 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the lumbosacral angle typically?

<p>40 degrees (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if you stand on one leg?

<p>7x more load than original is put on femur head (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is ice slippery?

<p>Small value of friction coefficient (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of radioactivity?

<p>Nuclear instability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which medical imaging technique is a tracer used?

<p>PET (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle of an X-ray?

<p>Ionizing radiation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does MRI stand for?

<p>Magnetic Resonance Imaging (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Doppler effect primarily used for in medicine?

<p>Measuring blood flow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Potassium channels contribute most to which membrane potential?

<p>Resting membrane potential (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which channels are not open during the resting state of a membrane?

<p>Voltage-gated channels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Nernst equation is used to calculate what?

<p>Membrane potential (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the resistance of the renal artery typically?

<p>0.6 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do fluoroscopy layers primarily provide?

<p>Dynamic imaging (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true about stereocilia in the inner ear?

<p>Involved in balance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of resistance?

<p>Ohm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an ammeter measure?

<p>Current (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are beta particles used in diagnostic imaging?

<p>Only in specific conditions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are alpha particles used?

<p>Therapeutics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the inner, middle, and outer ear all do?

<p>Encoding signal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Far point vs near point relates to which conditions?

<p>Hyperopia vs Myopia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Signal compression does not occur in?

<p>CNS (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is signal adaptation?

<p>The receptor adjusting to a continuous stimulus by reducing sensitivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the velocity if the lumen of a vessel increases/dilates 3 times?

<p>It is 9 times faster (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes turbulences in blood flow?

<p>Higher blood pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Systolic pressure is defined as what?

<p>Pressure when aortic pressure is maximum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of myelinated fibers?

<p>They conduct information fast (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

RIA is used to measure what?

<p>Very low concentration of hormones, drugs, and other substances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which radiation is hardest to absorb?

<p>Gamma rays (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit for exposure dose?

<p>Coulomb per kilogram (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Facilitated diffusion is characterized by what?

<p>Not being active transport (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What generates Technetium-99?

<p>Mb-99 molibden and Uranium decay (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the leg abductor?

<p>Stabilization of the body during rotation in the hip joint and Extension of the hip (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a cyst characterized by?

<p>Body mass filled with fluid, anechogenic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes turbulences in blood flow?

<p>Higher blood pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Systolic pressure is defined as what?

<p>Pressure when aortic pressure is maximum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of myelinated fibers?

<p>They conduct information fast (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

RIA is used to measure what?

<p>Very low concentration of hormones, drugs, and other substances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which radiation is hardest to absorb?

<p>Protons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit for exposure dose?

<p>Coulomb per kilogram (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Facilitated diffusion is characterized by what?

<p>Not being active transport (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What generates Technetium-99?

<p>Mb-99 molibden (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the leg abductor?

<p>Stabilization of the body during rotation in the hip joint (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a cyst characterized by?

<p>Body mass filled with fluid, anechogenic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property does Technetium-99m NOT have?

<p>Has a half-life of 6 hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Na/K ATPase pump?

<p>Pumping sodium out and potassium into the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the EKG contain?

<p>Eindhoven triangles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of turbulences in blood flow?

<p>Higher blood pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when you stand on one leg?

<p>7x more load than original is put on femur head (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true about stereocilia in the inner ear?

<p>Involved in balance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does MRI stand for?

<p>Magnetic Resonance Imaging (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which radiation is hardest to absorb?

<p>Protons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the leg abductor?

<p>Stabilization of the body during rotation in the hip joint (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an electrocardiogram (EKG) contain?

<p>Eindhoven triangles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Na/K ATPase pump?

<p>Pumping sodium out and potassium into the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property does Technetium-99m NOT have?

<p>Expensive (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the leg abductor?

<p>Stabilization of the body during rotation in the hip joint (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do fluoroscopy layers primarily provide?

<p>Dynamic imaging (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes spherical aberration?

<p>Imperfect curvature of lens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the lumen of a vessel increases/dilates 3 times?

<p>Velocity is 9 times faster (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Nernst equation calculate?

<p>Membrane potential (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the resistance of the renal artery typically?

<p>0.6 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When gamma radiation goes through the body, what changes?

<p>The nuclei of the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the lumbosacral angle typically?

<p>40 degrees (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of facilitated diffusion?

<p>It does not require energy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element generates Technetium-99?

<p>Mb-99 molibden (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the leg abductor muscle?

<p>Stabilization of the body during rotation in the hip joint (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a cyst primarily characterized by?

<p>A body mass filled with fluid, anechogenic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the threshold of hearing typically?

<p>2-3 kHz (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When will turbulence occur more likely in blood flow?

<p>At higher Reynolds numbers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between X-rays and gamma rays?

<p>Gamma rays have larger energy and lower penetration. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the osmotic coefficient of albumin typically?

<p>Less than 1 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the contraction of ciliary muscles affect?

<p>The shape of the lens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the eye is light sensitive?

<p>Retina (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property does Technetium-99m NOT have?

<p>Expensive and Has a half-life of 6 hours (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the threshold of hearing typically?

<p>2-3 kHz (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when crystals resonate in ultrasound?

<p>Increase in resolution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method has the best resolution, CT or MRI?

<p>CT (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the lateral resolution in ultrasound?

<p>Width of ultrasound beam (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of stereocilia in the inner ear?

<p>Involved in balance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the osmotic coefficient of albumin typically?

<p>Higher than 1.5 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the contraction of ciliary muscles affect?

<p>The shape of the lens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the eye is light sensitive?

<p>Retina (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property does Technetium-99m NOT have?

<p>Expensive (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tests are run to see the state of serum?

<p>Electrolyte balance and Electrophoresis both (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Plasma primarily consists of?

<p>Proteins, electrolytes, antibodies, antigens, and hormones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Multiple myeloma is a cancer of?

<p>Malignant plasma cells and osteoblasts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is effective in treating with Vitamin C?

<p>Iron (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many types of insulin are there?

<p>Two: dependent and non-dependent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the ear differentiate frequencies?

<p>Through varying sound intensities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of myelinated fibers?

<p>They conduct information fast (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

RIA is used to measure what?

<p>Very low concentration of hormones, drugs, and other substances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which radiation is hardest to absorb?

<p>Protons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit for exposure dose?

<p>Coulomb per kilogram (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is not correct about Vitamin K?

<p>It maintains the membrane potential of muscle and nerve fibers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In obstructive jaundice, why does the skin appear yellow?

<p>Due to increased bilirubin in the blood. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action does the hip perform during walking?

<p>It unburdens (unloads). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Poiseuille’s law describe?

<p>Flow resistance of each vessel. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the Reynolds number exceeds the critical value?

<p>The fluid flow becomes turbulent. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influences apparent blood viscosity?

<p>Diameter of blood vessels, plasma viscosity, and hematocrit value. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When the heart rate increases, what happens to the diastole duration?

<p>It decreases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of interaction occurs between water molecules in liquid water?

<p>Hydrogen bonds. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many synapses can a single neuron have?

<p>Even hundreds. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do voltage-gated Na+ channels open?

<p>When the membrane is depolarized. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary contrast in MRI intensified by?

<p>C and D are correct (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

MRI signal localization is based on what?

<p>Use of special gradients of the static magnetic field (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does planar radiography typically adjust for clearer lung observation?

<p>Reducing the exposure time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of sodium-potassium ATPase pump?

<p>Pumping sodium out and potassium ions into the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the phase of isovolumic contraction in the heart?

<p>The mitral valve closes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the diameter of blood vessels affect apparent blood viscosity?

<p>It, along with plasma viscosity and hematocrit value, influences viscosity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of interaction occurs between water molecules in liquid water?

<p>Hydrogen bonds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many synapses can a single neuron have?

<p>any number even hundreds or Thousands, depending on the neuron type (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do voltage-gated Na+ channels open?

<p>When the membrane is depolarized (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What allows the passage of water and ions through cell membranes?

<p>Transport proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary contrast in MRI intensified by?

<p>Use of contrast agents (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

MRI signal localization is based on what?

<p>Use of special gradients of the static magnetic field (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does planar radiography typically adjust for clearer lung observation?

<p>Increasing the voltage of the anode of the X-ray tube (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of sodium-potassium ATPase pump?

<p>Pumping sodium out and potassium ions into the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the phase of isovolumic contraction in the heart?

<p>The mitral valve closes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the diameter of blood vessels affect apparent blood viscosity?

<p>It, along with plasma viscosity and hematocrit value, influences viscosity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of interaction occurs between water molecules in liquid water?

<p>Hydrogen bonds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many synapses can a single neuron have?

<p>Even hundreds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do voltage-gated Na+ channels open?

<p>Only during the resting state of the membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What allows the passage of water and ions through cell membranes?

<p>Transport proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary contrast in MRI intensified by?

<p>Use of contrast agents (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

MRI signal localization is based on what?

<p>Use of special gradients of the static magnetic field (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does planar radiography typically adjust for clearer lung observation?

<p>Increasing the voltage of the anode of the X-ray tube (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of sodium-potassium ATPase pump?

<p>Pumping sodium out and potassium ions into the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the phase of isovolumic contraction in the heart?

<p>The mitral valve closes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the sodium-potassium ATPase pump?

<p>Pumping sodium out and potassium ions into the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the phase of isovolumic contraction in the heart?

<p>The mitral valve closes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the diameter of blood vessels affect apparent blood viscosity?

<p>It, along with plasma viscosity and hematocrit value, influences viscosity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of interaction occurs between water molecules in liquid water?

<p>Hydrogen bonds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many synapses can a single neuron have?

<p>Even hundreds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do voltage-gated Na+ channels open?

<p>Only during the resting state of the membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What allows the passage of water and ions through cell membranes?

<p>Transport proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is a characteristic of facilitated diffusion?

<p>Not active transport (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of radioactivity?

<p>Nuclear instability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which medical imaging technique is a tracer used?

<p>PET (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of radioactivity?

<p>Nuclear instability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which medical imaging technique is a tracer used?

<p>PET (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of interaction occurs between water molecules in liquid water?

<p>Hydrogen bonds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many synapses can a single neuron have?

<p>Even hundreds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do voltage-gated Na+ channels open?

<p>Only during the resting state of the membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of radioactivity?

<p>Nuclear instability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which medical imaging technique is a tracer used?

<p>PET (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of interaction occurs between water molecules in liquid water?

<p>Hydrogen bonds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many synapses can a single neuron have?

<p>Even hundreds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do voltage-gated Na+ channels open?

<p>Only during the resting state of the membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tests are run to see the state of serum?

<p>Electrophoresis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Plasma primarily consists of?

<p>Proteins, electrolytes, antibodies, antigens, and hormones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Multiple myeloma is a cancer of?

<p>Malignant plasma cells and osteoblasts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is effective in treating with Vitamin C?

<p>Iron (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many types of insulin are there?

<p>Two: dependent and non-dependent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During emission of beta minus radiation, the mass number?

<p>Increases by 1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Beta minus radiation consists of?

<p>Neutron converted to proton, creating an electron and an electron antineutrino (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Beta plus radiation consists of?

<p>Proton is converted to neutron, creating a positron and an electron neutrino (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Compton effect refers to?

<p>Ejection of electrons from the surface of an illuminated metal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which quantity is NOT extensive?

<p>Temperature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which quantities are extensive?

<p>Volume, mass, internal energy, entropy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement applies to a reversible process?

<p>It requires no energy input (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of alpha radiation proportional to?

<p>Its energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the sodium-potassium ATPase pump?

<p>Pump sodium out and potassium ions into the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The action potential in a cell is a consequence of?

<p>A quick change in ion permeability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factors determine the radiograph imaging contrast?

<p>Size and kind of tissue projected to the film, quality of X-ray beam (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Annihilation radiation accompanies which type of decay?

<p>Beta plus decay (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the loudness of a sound measure?

<p>Intensity in phons or sones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the compliance of the aorta compare to other blood vessels?

<p>It is greater than other blood vessels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a blood vessel dilates?

<p>Both wall stress and shear stress increase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Laplace's law related to blood vessels?

<p>It measures the tension in the vessel walls (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What part of the eye is primarily responsible for light sensitivity?

<p>Retina (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the eye controls brightness?

<p>Iris with pupil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is convergence in the context of vision?

<p>Orientation of the eyeballs toward the studied object (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Leukemia as a consequence of ionizing radiation is an example of what type of effect?

<p>Somatic stochastic effect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property does Technetium-99m NOT have?

<p>Expensive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two factors that limit radionuclide imaging diagnostics?

<p>Resolution and sensitivity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does absorbed radiation force due to inserted radionuclide depend on?

<p>Its effective half-life (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is recording the radio indicator distribution in the organ possible?

<p>Using a scanner and gamma camera (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The primary contrast in MRI is intensified by what?

<p>Use of contrast agents (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

MRI signal localization is based on what?

<p>Use of special gradients of the static magnetic field (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When observing lungs more clearly by planar X-ray imaging, what is typically adjusted?

<p>Increasing the voltage of the anode of the X-ray tube (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle of the photoelectric effect?

<p>Electrons are ejected from an atom when it is irradiated with photons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In MRI, what is the role of the RF coil?

<p>To receive the MRI signal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of radiation?

<p>Ultraviolet rays (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the lens in the human eye?

<p>To focus light on the retina (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the middle ear?

<p>To transmit sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In electroencephalography, what is typically recorded?

<p>Electrical activity of the brain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using both eyes for vision?

<p>Improving visual resolution and Increasing the field of view (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the heart rate increases?

<p>The duration of the diastole decreases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the electrochemical equilibrium of ions?

<p>The resting potential of the cell is equal to the Nernst potential of the ion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of doubling the amplitude on the frequency of sound?

<p>The frequency remains the same (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the residual volume of the heart ventricle change during exercise?

<p>It remains constant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property does Technetium-99m have?

<p>It has a short half-life (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the middle ear?

<p>Adjusting sound impedance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT true about sound localization?

<p>It's easier at lower frequencies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tissues conduct electricity the weakest?

<p>Adipose tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the phase angle of a tissue type indicate?

<p>Electrical resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effective dose in dosimetry?

<p>Measure of biological damage depending on absorbed dose and radiation type (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of human limbs being long levers?

<p>They provide greater strength (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a homogeneous electric field, what happens to a free electric dipole?

<p>It aligns with the field (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the numerical aperture of a microscope?

<p>The refractive index of the preparation and the open angle of the lens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the middle ear?

<p>Adjusting sound impedance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during osmosis when a cell is in a hypertonic solution?

<p>The cell shrinks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is characterized by a neutron being converted to a proton?

<p>Beta minus decay (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of X-rays in medical imaging?

<p>Deep tissue penetration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the loudness of sound depend on?

<p>Intensity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the compliance of the aorta affect blood flow?

<p>Increases blood flow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing the diameter of a blood vessel?

<p>Reduces wall stress (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle explains the formation of aneurysms?

<p>Laplace's law (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the resting potential of a neuron when potassium ion permeability increases?

<p>It becomes more negative (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor affecting the speed of sound in different media?

<p>The density of the medium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is osmosis?

<p>Selective diffusion through a semipermeable membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Bernoulli’s equation not account for in blood flow?

<p>Blood viscosity is not negligible and The changing diameter of blood vessels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the intensity of X-rays altered?

<p>By changing the anodic voltage in the X-ray tube (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the phase angle of a tissue type indicate?

<p>About 5 degrees (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effective dose in dosimetry?

<p>Measure of biological damage depending on absorbed dose and radiation type (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tissues conduct electricity the weakest?

<p>Adipose tissue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the function of the middle ear best described?

<p>Transmitting sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT true about sound localization?

<p>It is easier at lower frequencies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one decibel?

<p>A unit of sound intensity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT contribute to the resolution of the eye's optical system?

<p>Improving visual resolution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a homogeneous electric field, what happens to a free electric dipole?

<p>It experiences a rotational force (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main assumption of the photoelectric effect?

<p>Light is assumed to have particle characteristics and a wavelength (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the numerical aperture of a microscope depend on?

<p>The refractive index of the preparation and the open angle of the lens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the middle ear?

<p>Transmitting sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT true about sound localization?

<p>It is easier at lower frequencies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Gaussian approximation?

<p>It describes the distribution of light intensity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a state diagram (or phase diagram), what is depicted?

<p>Equilibrium states of matter under varying conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advantage do long levers (like human limbs) provide?

<p>They allow fast movements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs if a free electric dipole is placed in a homogeneous electric field?

<p>It experiences a rotational force (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main assumption of the photoelectric effect?

<p>Light is assumed to have particle characteristics and a wavelength (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT contribute to the resolution of the eye's optical system?

<p>Improving visual resolution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the middle ear?

<p>Transmitting sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT true about sound localization?

<p>It is easier at lower frequencies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one decibel?

<p>A unit of sound intensity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT contribute to the resolution of the eye's optical system?

<p>Improving visual resolution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a homogeneous electric field, what happens to a free electric dipole?

<p>It experiences a rotational force (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main assumption of the photoelectric effect?

<p>Light is assumed to have particle characteristics and a wavelength (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the numerical aperture of a microscope depend on?

<p>The refractive index of the preparation and the open angle of the lens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the middle ear?

<p>Transmitting sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT true about sound localization?

<p>It is easier at lower frequencies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Signal compression does not occur in?

<p>Motor Neurons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Signal Adaptation

The process by which a receptor adjusts its sensitivity to a continuous stimulus, reducing its response over time.

Gamma Decay

Gamma decay is a type of radioactive decay where an unstable atomic nucleus emits a gamma ray, which is a high-energy photon.

Alpha Particles in Therapeutics

Alpha particles are used in therapeutics as they can damage cancerous cells.

Beta Particles in Diagnostic Imaging

Beta particles are used in diagnostic imaging in specific conditions. For example, they can be used to image thyroid function.

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Lumen & Velocity Relationship

The speed of blood flow decreases as the lumen of a vessel increases.

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Hyperopia vs. Myopia

Hyperopia, also known as farsightedness, is the inability to focus on near objects clearly. Myopia, also known as nearsightedness, is the inability to focus on distant objects clearly.

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Ear Structure & Sound Transmission

The inner, middle, and outer ear all contribute to the transmission of sound waves to the inner ear.

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Unit of Resistance

The resistance of a conductor is measured in Ohms.

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Function of an Ammeter

An ammeter is an instrument used to measure the electric current flowing through a circuit.

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Cause of Radioactivity

Radioactivity is primarily caused by nuclear instability, where the nucleus of an atom has an excess of energy and seeks stability by releasing radiation.

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PET Scan

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that uses a radioactive tracer to visualize metabolic processes.

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Principle of an X-ray

X-rays use ionizing radiation to create images of the inside of the body.

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MRI

MRI stands for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. It uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the inside of the body.

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Doppler Effect in Medicine

The Doppler effect is primarily used in medicine to measure blood flow by detecting changes in the frequency of sound waves reflected off moving blood cells.

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Potassium Channels and Resting Membrane Potential

Potassium channels contribute most to the resting membrane potential of a cell by allowing potassium ions to move out of the cell, making the inside more negative.

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Voltage-gated Channels

Voltage-gated channels are not open during the resting state of a membrane. They open only in response to changes in the membrane potential.

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Nernst Equation

The Nernst equation is used to calculate the equilibrium potential for a specific ion across a cell membrane.

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Renal Artery Resistance

The resistance of the renal artery is typically 0.6 Ohms.

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Fluoroscopy Layers

Fluoroscopy layers provide dynamic imaging, allowing doctors to see movement in real-time.

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Effects of Gamma Radiation

When gamma radiation goes through the body, it can cause damage to the nuclei of cells and alter DNA structure.

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Lumbosacral Angle

The lumbosacral angle is typically 40 degrees.

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Load on Femur Head

Standing on one leg puts approximately 7 times the load on the femur head compared to standing on both legs.

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Why Ice is Slippery

Ice is slippery due to a low friction coefficient. Thin layers of water form on the surface of ice, reducing friction between the ice and the object.

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Stereocilia in Inner Ear

Stereocilia are hair-like structures found in the inner ear that are involved in the sense of balance and hearing.

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What is Spherical Aberration?

Spherical aberration is a type of optical aberration caused by an imperfect curvature of a lens, resulting in different focal lengths for different parts of the lens.

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Viscosity in-vivo

Viscosity in-vivo is determined by factors including blood cell hematocrit, plasma viscosity, and vessel diameter.

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What does the Nernst equation calculate?

The Nernst equation is used to calculate the membrane potential, also known as the equilibrium potential, for a specific ion across a cell membrane.

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Sodium-Potassium ATPase Pump

The main function of the sodium-potassium ATPase pump is to actively transport sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, maintaining the electrochemical gradient.

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What does an EKG contain?

An electrocardiogram (EKG) records the electrical activity of the heart, highlighting the heart's electrical rhythm and any abnormalities.

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