NURS 3210 CH 26 PPT

Active HIT and percutaneous coronary intervention procedures in patients at risk for HIT, and it is only given IV.

Dabigatran is a prodrug that becomes activated in the liver, and it specifically and reversibly binds to both free and clot-bound thrombin. It is approved for prevention of strokes and thrombosis in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.

Enoxaparin has a higher degree of bioavailability and a longer elimination half-life than unfractionated heparin. Lab monitoring is not necessary because of its predictable dose-response and low interpatient variability.

<p>Heparin is administered subcutaneously two or three times a day, and aPTT monitoring is not necessary for prophylaxis because the dose is fixed and not adjusted based on lab results.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>For prophylaxis, heparin is administered subcutaneously two or three times a day, and aPTT monitoring is not necessary. For therapeutic use, heparin is administered as a continuous IV infusion, and aPTT monitoring is necessary to adjust the dose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The potential adverse effects of dabigatran include bleeding and GI bleeding. The dose of dabigatran depends on renal function, and the dose should be adjusted in patients with renal impairment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enoxaparin has a higher affinity for factor Xa than for thrombin, whereas unfractionated heparin has a higher affinity for thrombin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They inhibit thrombosis by their specific action against factor Xa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coagulation monitoring is required for heparin therapy, and the aPTT is typically used to monitor the therapeutic effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent venous thromboembolism and pulmonary embolism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unfractionated heparin requires frequent laboratory monitoring of bleeding times, whereas LMWHs have a more predictable anticoagulant response and do not require frequent monitoring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Warfarin inhibits the production of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X, which are necessary for clot formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DOACs have a more predictable anticoagulant response and do not require frequent laboratory monitoring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent stroke and systemic embolism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Any acute bleeding process or high risk for such an occurrence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Factor Xa inhibitors have a more rapid onset of action and a shorter half-life, making them more suitable for acute thrombotic events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Importance of regular laboratory testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Foods high in vitamin K</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Following strict manufacturer's guidelines for preparation and administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Drug-drug interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>INR</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure continued anticoagulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bleeding from gums, mucous membranes, nose, and injection sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Measures to prevent bruising, bleeding, and tissue injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Idarucizumab (Praxbind) is the specific antidote for dabigatran, and it is used to reverse the anticoagulant effects for emergency surgery or in life-threatening or uncontrolled bleeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The risk of administering IV vitamin K is anaphylaxis, and it can be minimized by diluting it and giving it over 30 minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Andexxa (Coagulation Factor Xa [recombinant] Inactivated-zhzo) is the specific antidote for factor Xa inhibitors, such as rivaroxaban and apixaban, and it carries a risk of thromboembolic events, including MI, ischemic stroke, cardiac arrest, and sudden death.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The caution when giving vitamin K to a patient taking warfarin is that warfarin resistance will occur for up to 7 days.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The potential mechanisms of drug interactions with anticoagulants include enzyme inhibition of metabolism, displacement of the drug from inactive protein-binding sites, decrease in vitamin K absorption or synthesis by the bacterial flora of the large intestines, and alteration in the platelet count or activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The crucial consideration when ordering two anticoagulants is to always question the order, as it may increase the risk of adverse interactions and bleeding complications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The treatment for severe bleeding due to warfarin overdose includes transfusions of human plasma or clotting factor concentrates, and in life-threatening bleeding, Kcentra and Profiline may be used.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The specific antidote for life-threatening bleeding due to warfarin is Kcentra and Profiline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhibiting factor Xa</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2-3.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide anticoagulation until therapeutic levels of warfarin are reached</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Variations in CYP2CP and VKORC1 genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Post-operative thromboprophylaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bleeding or thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhibition of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fixed dosing and no need for INR monitoring</p> Signup and view all the answers