Symmetric and Asymmetric Cryptography

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Questions and Answers

What type of encryption uses a single key for both encryption and decryption?

Symmetric encryption (correct)

Hash function

Digital signature

Asymmetric encryption

What is the main challenge in symmetric encryption?

Key management

CPU overhead

Data encryption

Scalability (correct)

What is symmetric encryption also referred to as?

Secret-key algorithm (correct)

Asymmetric cipher

Public-key algorithm

Hash function

Why is asymmetric encryption often used in conjunction with symmetric encryption?

Because asymmetric encryption can be used to transfer a symmetric key (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of symmetric encryption over asymmetric encryption?

It requires less CPU resources (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between symmetric and asymmetric encryption?

The number of keys used (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the problem with sharing a symmetric key?

It's difficult to share a key securely (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using asymmetric encryption to transfer a symmetric key?

To securely share a symmetric key (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is referred to as public-key cryptography?

A type of encryption that uses two keys: public and private (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a public key and a private key?

A public key is publicly available and a private key is kept secret (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a public key?

To encrypt information (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of creating a symmetric key on both sides without sending it across the network?

Asymmetric encryption (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when someone encrypts data with a public key?

The data can be decrypted with the private key (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the major drawback of using asymmetric encryption?

It requires high computing power and resources (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between a public key and a private key?

They are mathematically related but cannot be derived from each other (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using Elliptic-Curve Cryptography (ECC)?

It uses smaller keys and requires less storage and transmission data (B) Signup and view all the answers

How are a public key and a private key generated?

Using a key generation program with large random numbers and prime numbers as input (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using public and private keys in asymmetric encryption?

To create a symmetric key on both sides (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it difficult to scale asymmetric key encryption?

Because there's no easy way to transmit the symmetric key (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a digital signature?

To verify the authenticity of a message (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of creating a symmetric key on both sides using public and private keys?

Diffie-Hellman key exchange (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of asymmetric cryptography?

Using a pair of keys, a public key and a private key, for encryption and decryption (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when Bob encrypts a message with Alice's public key?

Only Alice can decrypt the message with her private key (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of asymmetric encryption over symmetric encryption?

It provides functionality that symmetric encryption can't do (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a public key server?

To store and distribute public keys (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using asymmetric encryption in key exchange?

To create a symmetric key on both sides (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using asymmetric encryption in IoT devices?

It is more suitable for devices with limited resources (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between Bob's private key and Alice's public key?

They can be used to create a symmetric key (D) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Symmetric Encryption

Uses a single key for both encryption and decryption
Key must be kept secret to prevent unauthorized access
Difficult to scale due to key sharing challenges

Asymmetric Encryption

Uses a pair of keys: public and private
Public key is shared, while private key is kept secret
Public key is used for encryption, while private key is used for decryption
Enables secure communication over an insecure channel
Key pair is generated using large random numbers and prime numbers

Asymmetric Encryption Process

Bob wants to send encrypted information to Alice
Bob uses Alice's public key to encrypt the plaintext
Alice uses her private key to decrypt the ciphertext
Same process can be reversed with Alice sending encrypted information to Bob

Advantages of Asymmetric Encryption

Enables secure key exchange over an insecure channel
Allows for digital signatures and authentication
Enables the use of symmetric encryption with a shared key

Limitations of Asymmetric Encryption

Requires more CPU resources and overhead compared to symmetric encryption
Uses large integers and prime factor numbers, which can be computationally intensive

Elliptic-Curve Cryptography (ECC)

Uses curves to create asymmetric keys
Requires smaller keys and less storage space
Enables secure communication on mobile devices and IoT devices with limited computing power

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