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Questions and Answers
What is the relationship between mistletoe and the woody plant?
What is the relationship between mistletoe and the woody plant?
What do mosquitoes feed on?
What do mosquitoes feed on?
What is the result of being bitten by a tick?
What is the result of being bitten by a tick?
What is the relationship between the tomato hornworm and the wasp eggs?
What is the relationship between the tomato hornworm and the wasp eggs?
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What is the habitat of tapeworms or hookworms?
What is the habitat of tapeworms or hookworms?
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Study Notes
Symbiotic Relationships
- Symbiosis is the relationship between two different individual species that live together in a close relationship.
Types of Symbiosis
- There are three types of symbiotic relationships: mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism.
Mutualism
- Mutualism is a relationship where both organisms benefit.
- Examples of mutualism include:
- Acacia galls and stinging ants, where ants defend the tree from insects and the tree provides a home for the ants.
- Flowers and their pollinators, where bees and hummingbirds gather nectar and spread pollen.
- Moray eel and cleaner fish, where the cleaner fish gets a meal and the eel gets a clean mouth.
- Birds and mammals eating berries and fruits, while the plant benefits from seed dispersal.
- Oxbird and antelope, where the oxbird gets rid of parasites and has a meal.
- Cleaners eating insect pests from animal skin.
- Algae and fungi (lichen), where algae gets water and nutrients and fungi gets food from algae.
- Herbivores and bacteria in their stomachs, where bacteria break down plant material.
Commensalism
- Commensalism is a relationship where one species benefits and the other remains unaffected.
- Examples of commensalism include:
- Barnacles adhering to the skin of a whale.
- Small mammals or birds living in holes in trees or orchids living in trees.
- Egrets eating insects stirred up by cattle eating grass.
Parasitism
- Parasitism is a relationship where one organism benefits (parasite) and the species it depends on (host) is harmed.
- Examples of parasitism include:
- Ticks and fleas living in a host animal's fur, biting and drinking blood.
- Mistletoe taking moisture and nutrients from a woody plant.
- Insects such as mosquitoes feeding on a host.
- Tapeworms attaching to a dog's intestines and taking nutrients.
- Vines such as Kudzu growing on trees.
- Tomato hornworm with wasp eggs.
- Tapeworms or hookworms living in a host's gut.
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