Podcast
Questions and Answers
During which process are substances such as drugs, ions, and waste products moved and eliminated in urine?
During which process are substances such as drugs, ions, and waste products moved and eliminated in urine?
- Micturition
- Tubular reabsorption
- Tubular secretion
- Glomerular filtration (correct)
Which urinary system structure takes urine away from the bladder?
Which urinary system structure takes urine away from the bladder?
- Ureters (correct)
- Renal tubule
- Urethra
- Kidney
What uses a peristaltic action to take urine to the bladder?
What uses a peristaltic action to take urine to the bladder?
- Urethra
- Ureters (correct)
- Kidney
- Renal tubule
What is part of the bladder?
What is part of the bladder?
What can cause kidney failure?
What can cause kidney failure?
What can a patient with urinary incontinence do to help alleviate the problem?
What can a patient with urinary incontinence do to help alleviate the problem?
What is NOT a characteristic of acute renal failure?
What is NOT a characteristic of acute renal failure?
What is a characteristic of chronic renal failure?
What is a characteristic of chronic renal failure?
What is a diagnosis that may involve back pain, fever, nausea, and blood in the urine?
What is a diagnosis that may involve back pain, fever, nausea, and blood in the urine?
What is NOT a characteristic of acute kidney failure?
What is NOT a characteristic of acute kidney failure?
What would be the most likely treatment for pyelonephritis?
What would be the most likely treatment for pyelonephritis?
What is a characteristic of chronic renal failure?
What is a characteristic of chronic renal failure?
What may cause kidney failure gradually over time?
What may cause kidney failure gradually over time?
What may correct kidney failure?
What may correct kidney failure?
What symptom may be experienced by a patient with kidney failure?
What symptom may be experienced by a patient with kidney failure?
What condition may be suspected in a patient with confusion, shaking hands, and blood in nasal secretions?
What condition may be suspected in a patient with confusion, shaking hands, and blood in nasal secretions?
Which of the following structures removes metabolic waste products from the blood?
Which of the following structures removes metabolic waste products from the blood?
What combines with water and ions to form urine in the kidneys?
What combines with water and ions to form urine in the kidneys?
Which cells begin the process of developing sperm cells?
Which cells begin the process of developing sperm cells?
What is the structure that surrounds the glomerulus?
What is the structure that surrounds the glomerulus?
What type of cells contain 46 chromosomes at the beginning of spermatogenesis?
What type of cells contain 46 chromosomes at the beginning of spermatogenesis?
What is the name of the tiny vessels that surround the tubules?
What is the name of the tiny vessels that surround the tubules?
Which structure carries sperm cells from the epididymis to the urethra?
Which structure carries sperm cells from the epididymis to the urethra?
Which arterioles deliver blood to the peritubular capillaries?
Which arterioles deliver blood to the peritubular capillaries?
Which gland produces an alkaline fluid that protects sperm from acidic environments?
Which gland produces an alkaline fluid that protects sperm from acidic environments?
Which structure secretes an alkaline fluid rich in sugars and prostaglandins?
Which structure secretes an alkaline fluid rich in sugars and prostaglandins?
What process of urine formation decreases when the blood pressure decreases?
What process of urine formation decreases when the blood pressure decreases?
During which process of urine formation do substances move from the blood into the renal tubules?
During which process of urine formation do substances move from the blood into the renal tubules?
What surrounds the proximal urethra in a male?
What surrounds the proximal urethra in a male?
Which hormone controls the amount of water the body keeps during which process of urine formation?
Which hormone controls the amount of water the body keeps during which process of urine formation?
Which process of urine formation occurs in the renal corpuscles?
Which process of urine formation occurs in the renal corpuscles?
During which process of urine formation are nutrients, ions, and water returned to the body?
During which process of urine formation are nutrients, ions, and water returned to the body?
What is the mixture of sperm cells and fluids from the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands called?
What is the mixture of sperm cells and fluids from the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands called?
Which of the following organs produces sperm and testosterone?
Which of the following organs produces sperm and testosterone?
What is the function of the bulbourethral gland?
What is the function of the bulbourethral gland?
What is the term for the inability to maintain an erection long enough to complete sexual intercourse?
What is the term for the inability to maintain an erection long enough to complete sexual intercourse?
Which of the following conditions can cause pain during bowel movements?
Which of the following conditions can cause pain during bowel movements?
What is a sign of prostatitis?
What is a sign of prostatitis?
What is the term for a lump in the testes?
What is the term for a lump in the testes?
What is the name of the gland that each lobule of the testes is filled with?
What is the name of the gland that each lobule of the testes is filled with?
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Study Notes
Urinary System
- The tiny vessels surrounding the tubules are called peritubular capillaries.
- The afferent arterioles deliver blood to the peritubular capillaries.
- Glomerular filtration is the process of urine formation that decreases when blood pressure decreases and increases when blood pressure increases.
- During glomerular filtration, substances move from the blood into the renal tubules.
- The hormone ADH controls the amount of water the body keeps during tubular reabsorption.
- Glomerular filtration occurs in the renal corpuscles.
Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion
- Tubular reabsorption is the process of urine formation where nutrients, ions, and water are returned to the body.
- Tubular secretion is the process of urine formation where drugs and hydrogen ions enter the filtrate.
- Substances such as drugs, ions, and waste products are moved during tubular secretion and are eliminated in urine.
Urinary System Structure
- The ureters take urine away from the bladder.
- The ureters use a peristaltic action to take urine to the bladder.
- The detrusor muscle is part of the bladder.
Renal Failure
- Acute renal failure is characterized by a sudden loss of kidney function, which can be caused by poisons and/or alcohol abuse, and may be corrected by surgical repair of obstructions.
- Chronic renal failure is characterized by a gradual loss of kidney function, commonly caused by high blood pressure or diabetes, and may cause frequent seizure activity.
Male Reproductive System
- Spermatogenic cells are the cells that begin the process of developing sperm cells.
- Spermatogonia are the cells that contain 46 chromosomes at the beginning of spermatogenesis.
- The vas deferens carries sperm cells from the epididymis to the urethra.
- The prostate gland produces a milky, alkaline fluid that protects the sperm when they enter the acidic environment of the female vagina.
- The seminal vesicles secrete an alkaline fluid rich in sugars and prostaglandins.
- The prostate gland surrounds the proximal urethra in males.
- Semen is a mixture of sperm cells and fluids from the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands.
- Testes are the primary organs of the male reproductive system because they produce sperm and testosterone.
- Seminiferous tubules are filled with spermatogenic cells that give rise to sperm cells.
- The bulbourethral gland makes a fluid that lubricates the penis for sexual intercourse.
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