APUSH I Final

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Questions and Answers

What was a consequence of the manufacturing process in the US?

Increased wealth disparities between industrialists and the working class (correct)

Increased social harmony among all classes

A shift from an agrarian to an industrial economy

A decline in the number of factories built

What did Henry Clay advocate for to promote industry in the US?

A weak banking system, a protective tariff, and state-funded transportation

A weak banking system, low tariffs, and state-funded transportation

A strong banking system, low tariffs, and state-funded education

A strong banking system, a protective tariff, and a federally funded transportation network (correct)

What principle of the American Revolution contributed to the rise of mass democracy?

Nationalism and militarism

Self-governance and social hierarchy

Liberty, equality, and self-governance (correct)

Individualism and anarchism

What was the primary sector of the US economy during this period?

Agriculture Signup and view all the answers

What type of farming did many American farmers practice?

Subsistence farming for personal consumption Signup and view all the answers

What regions specialized in producing cash crops?

Some regions in the South Signup and view all the answers

What was a result of the War of 1812?

The War of 1812 fostered a sense of unity and pride. Signup and view all the answers

What was a goal of the social reform movements in the early 19th century?

To create a more equal society for all citizens. Signup and view all the answers

How did the rise of manufacturing affect the economy?

It spurred economic growth by increasing productivity and generating wealth. Signup and view all the answers

What was a focus of artists during the early 19th century?

Romantic landscapes of the American frontier. Signup and view all the answers

What was a result of the Monroe Doctrine?

The Western hemisphere was closed off to European colonization. Signup and view all the answers

What was an aim of the push for public education led by Horace Mann?

To create an educated citizenry. Signup and view all the answers

What was a key aspect of Transcendentalism?

Emphasis on individualism, nature, and self-reliance. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Star Spangled Banner?

It was a symbol of American resilience and patriotism. Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

To decide the issue of slavery through popular sovereignty Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of John Brown's Raid on Harper's Ferry?

The raid was foiled, and Brown was executed Signup and view all the answers

What was the main topic of the Lincoln-Douglas Debates?

The issue of slavery and its expansion Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the Bleeding Kansas violence?

The violence highlighted deep divisions over the slavery issue Signup and view all the answers

What was the occupation of Charles Sumner?

Senator Signup and view all the answers

What was the title of the book published by Harriet Beecher Stowe?

Uncle Tom's Cabin Signup and view all the answers

Who declared that all men and women are created equal in the Declaration of Sentiments?

Elizabeth Cady Stanton Signup and view all the answers

What was the main crop that shaped the society of the South?

Cotton Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the American Colonization Society?

To relocate free African Americans to Africa Signup and view all the answers

What was the main idea behind the concept of Manifest Destiny?

The United States was destined to expand across the continent Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the Compromise of 1850?

California was admitted to the Union as a free state Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of the abolitionist movement?

To immediately emancipate enslaved people and end slavery Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the political, economic, and social divisions between different regions of the country?

Sectionalism Signup and view all the answers

What was the notion that allowed the people of a given territory to decide whether or not to allow slavery?

Popular Sovereignty Signup and view all the answers

What was the basis of Dred Scott's lawsuit against his master?

Freedom due to residence in a free state Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main reasons Lincoln disagreed with secession?

National debt and federal territories Signup and view all the answers

What was an advantage that the Union forces had over the Confederacy?

Better technology and more volunteers Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of the Emancipation Proclamation?

Slavery became a main reason for the war Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Antietam battle?

It demonstrated the power of the Union forces Signup and view all the answers

Why did people riot in response to the draft?

They felt the draft was unfair to the poor Signup and view all the answers

What was a disadvantage of the Confederacy?

Less money and resources Signup and view all the answers

What was a factor that contributed to the secession of the South?

The election of Abraham Lincoln Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

American Nationalism and Culture

The War of 1812 fostered a sense of unity and pride, promoting American nationalism
The Monroe Doctrine asserted an independent and strong American role in international affairs, closing off the Western hemisphere to European colonization
Romantic landscapes of the American frontier celebrated the natural beauty of the United States and reinforced the concept of Manifest Destiny
Transcendentalism emphasized individualism, nature, and self-reliance, contributing to a unique American intellectual tradition
The push for public education aimed to create an educated citizenry essential for a functioning democracy
The early 19th century saw various social reform movements, including temperance, abolition, and women's rights, reflecting a dynamic and evolving American society
The Star-Spangled Banner became a powerful symbol of American resilience and patriotism

Effects of the Rise of Manufacturing

Industrialization led to a shift from agrarian economies to industrial ones, with factories and urban centers growing rapidly
Manufacturing spurred economic growth by increasing productivity, generating wealth, and creating new jobs
However, it also contributed to income disparities between the wealthy industrialists and the working class, leading to social tensions
Henry Clay advocated for a strong banking system, a protective tariff, and a federally funded transportation network to promote industry in the US

Rise of Mass Democracy

The American Revolution and its principles of liberty, equality, and self-governance fostered a culture of democracy and civic engagement
The belief in Manifest Destiny and American exceptionalism fueled a sense of national pride and unity, promoting the expansion of democratic principles
The market economy was predominantly agricultural, with many farmers practicing subsistence farming for their own consumption

Manifest Destiny and Slavery

Manifest Destiny became a unifying national ideology, promoting a sense of shared purpose and destiny
The South became overly reliant on slave labor, with cotton being a major cash crop
Abolitionism emerged as a social and political movement dedicated to the immediate emancipation of enslaved people and the end of slavery
The American Colonization Society aimed to relocate free African Americans to Africa

1850s Events

The Compromise of 1850 admitted California as a free state, tipping the balance against the South in the Senate
The 1850 Compromise also abolished the slave trade in the District of Columbia and introduced a more stringent fugitive slave law
The Kansas-Nebraska Act allowed popular sovereignty to decide the issue of slavery in these territories, effectively repealing the Missouri Compromise
Uncles Tom's Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe displayed the horrors of slavery to the North
Bleeding Kansas saw violent clashes between pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers
Charles Sumner was beaten by Representative Preston Brooks on the Senate floor after delivering a fiery anti-slavery speech
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates highlighted the deep divisions and increasing violence over the slavery issue
John Brown's Raid on Harpers Ferry aimed to incite a slave rebellion, but it failed and heightened sectional tensions

Causes of the Civil War

Slavery was a major cause of the Civil War
States' rights and ineffective compromises (Compromise of 1850 and Missouri Compromise) also contributed
Lincoln's election as president and the South's secession were additional factors

Lincoln's Response to Secession

Lincoln declared secession impractical due to geographical, economic, and political reasons

Union and Confederate Forces

The Union had more money, better technology, and a stronger navy
The Confederacy had more training and home field advantage

Reaction to the Draft

The federal draft was introduced in 1863 due to a lack of volunteers
People could purchase substitutes for $300, leading to riots and protests from underprivileged groups

Antietam and the Emancipation Proclamation

The Battle of Antietam demonstrated the Union's power and stalled foreign intervention
The Emancipation Proclamation made slavery the main reason for the war, with the North fighting for a moral cause

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