THE CELL - CELL CULTURE
75 Questions
3 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What type of stem cells are derived from healthy or diseased tissues?

  • Human Embryonic stem cells (hES)
  • Induced Pluripotent cells (iPSCs)
  • Tissue-resident stem cells (correct)
  • Adult stem cells

    • What is the main advantage of using organoids in cell culture?

  • Low clinical relevance
  • Easy to maintain
  • Cost-effective
  • High clinical relevance (correct)

    • What type of cell culture is derived from tissues or organs of animals?

  • Adherent cell culture
  • Secondary cell culture
  • Primary cell culture (correct)
  • Suspended cell culture

    • What are organoids used to create?

    <p>Diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cell culture is attached to a surface?

    <p>Adherent cell culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between primary and secondary cell cultures?

    <p>Primary is derived from tissues, secondary is derived from cell lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stem cells are derived from human embryos?

    <p>Human Embryonic stem cells (hES)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using organoids in cell culture?

    <p>To model real-life scenarios</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of cell culture?

    <p>Removing cells from an animal or plant and growing them in an artificial environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the culture of a non-disaggregated tissue?

    <p>Organ culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cell culture is characterized by cells growing in a single layer?

    <p>Monolayer cell culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe cells that have the ability to differentiate into different cell types?

    <p>Stem cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a three-dimensional structure composed of cells and extracellular matrix?

    <p>Organoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cell culture is characterized by cells growing in a liquid medium?

    <p>Suspended cell culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the study of cells in a controlled environment?

    <p>Cell culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using cell culture models over animal models?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of maintaining aseptic conditions in cell culture?

    <p>To prevent contamination and ensure cell viability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between primary and secondary cell cultures?

    <p>Primary cell cultures are derived from tissue samples, while secondary cell cultures are derived from existing cell lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of cryopreservation in cell culture?

    <p>To store cells for long-term preservation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common problem that can arise in cell culture experiments?

    <p>Loss of cell characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of cell line authentication?

    <p>To verify the identity and purity of cell lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common contaminant in cell culture experiments?

    <p>Bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using primary cell cultures over cell lines?

    <p>Primary cell cultures are more representative of in vivo models</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence in cell line authentication?

    <p>To verify the identity of cell lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key exemption for cell lines under the Human Tissue Act?

    <p>They are not relevant material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What regulations deal with the storage and use of human tissue for human application or therapeutic use?

    <p>The Quality and Safety Regulations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of culture is not discussed in the provided text?

    <p>Stem Cell Culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the 'Quality and Safety Regulations'?

    <p>Storage and use of human tissue for human application</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cell culture is mentioned in the 'Further Reading' section?

    <p>Organoid Culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not required for research using cell lines?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the 'Advancements in 3D Cell Culture Systems' article?

    <p>Personalizing anti-cancer therapies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not subject to the 'Quality and Safety Regulations'?

    <p>Primary cell cultures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using primary cell cultures in research?

    <p>They provide the most accurate representation of physiology and biochemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are primary cell cultures not always used in research?

    <p>They are too sensitive to changes in the microenvironment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main limitation of using primary cell cultures in labs?

    <p>They are impossible to scale up for large-scale experiments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between primary and secondary cell cultures?

    <p>Primary cell cultures are derived from donors, while secondary cell cultures are immortalized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of immortalizing cells in secondary cell culture?

    <p>To make them faster to grow and more cost-effective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using secondary cell cultures in research?

    <p>They are faster to grow and more cost-effective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of primary cell cultures?

    <p>They are derived from donors and have a finite life span</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between primary cell cultures and stem cells?

    <p>Primary cell cultures are derived from donors, while stem cells are derived from embryos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cell culture is characterized by cells growing in a single layer?

    <p>2D cell culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are derived from human embryos?

    <p>Human Embryonic stem cells (hES)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of organoids in cell culture?

    <p>To create diseases to get a ‘real-life-like’ scenario</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between primary and secondary cell cultures?

    <p>Primary cell cultures are derived from tissues or organs, while secondary cell cultures are derived from existing cell lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cell culture is characterized by cells growing in a three-dimensional structure?

    <p>3D cell culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using organoids in cell culture?

    <p>They can be used to create diseases to get a ‘real-life-like’ scenario</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of maintaining aseptic conditions in cell culture?

    <p>To prevent contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common contaminant in cell culture experiments?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of cryopreservation in cell culture?

    <p>To preserve cells for future use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between primary and secondary cell cultures?

    <p>Primary cells are from tissues, secondary cells are from cell lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of cell line authentication?

    <p>To verify cell identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement for cell culture?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of using primary cell cultures in labs?

    <p>They have limited lifespan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a method used in cell line authentication?

    <p>Immunocytochemistry and Immunofluorescence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between fibroblasts and adipocytes in cell culture?

    <p>Function and origin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cell types is typically found in neural tissue?

    <p>Neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of monolayer cell culture?

    <p>Cells grow in a single layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between adherent and suspension cell cultures?

    <p>Adhesion properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a cell type that can be found in cell culture?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of showing images of different cell types in cell culture?

    <p>To illustrate the difference in morphology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tissue is derived from an embryonic chicken?

    <p>Medullary plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell culture is characterized by cells that are attached to a surface?

    <p>Monolayer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cell culture is characterized by cells that grow in a liquid medium?

    <p>Suspended</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell culture is derived from tissues or organs of animals?

    <p>Tissue culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cell culture is characterized by cells that grow in a three-dimensional structure?

    <p>3D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tissue is exempt from the Human Tissue Act?

    <p>Cell lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tissue is subject to the Quality and Safety Regulations?

    <p>Cell lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tissue does not require a HTA licence for storage?

    <p>Cell lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tissue is not subject to ethical review under the Human Tissue Act or NHS research governance systems?

    <p>Cell lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tissue is not subject to the Human Tissue Act?

    <p>Cell lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are derived from human embryos and have the ability to differentiate into different cell types?

    <p>Human Embryonic stem cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are used to create 'real-life-like' scenarios in cell culture?

    <p>Organoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are derived from healthy or diseased tissues and can be used to create diseases in cell culture?

    <p>Organoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are derived from tissues or organs of animals and are used in primary cell culture?

    <p>Primary cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are used in cell culture to study diseases and are derived from pluripotent or tissue-resident stem cells?

    <p>Organoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Cell Culture

    • Cell culture refers to the removal of cells from an animal or plant and their subsequent growth in a favorable artificial environment.
    • The cells may be removed from the tissue directly and disaggregated by enzymatic or mechanical means before cultivation.

    Cell Culture vs Tissue Culture

    • "Cell culture" refers to the maintenance in vitro of disaggregated cells.
    • "Organ culture" refers to a culture of a non-disaggregated tissue.
    • "Tissue culture" encompasses both terms.

    Types of Cell Culture

    • By origin:
      • Tissue specificity (e.g., breast cancer, kidneys, neurons)
    • By adhesion:
      • Monolayer
      • Suspended
    • By differentiation:
      • Differentiated
      • Stem cells

    Stages of Cell Culture

    • Primary cell culture:
      • Tissue sampling
      • Isolation of cells
      • Washing and purification
      • Seeding and expansion
      • Cryopreservation (cold storage)
    • Secondary cell culture:

    Requirements for Cell Culture

    • Aseptic environment
    • Culture media
    • Incubators (CO2, temp, and humidity control)
    • Storage facility (liquid nitrogen?)

    Contaminants in Cell Culture

    • Bacteria
    • Yeasts
    • Fungi (mold)
    • Other mammalian cells

    Cell Line Authentication

    • Immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence
    • RT-PCR
    • Confocal microscopy
    • Karyotyping
    • Next-generation sequencing
    • Flow cytometry
    • Western blot
    • Immunohistochemistry

    Types of Cell Culture - Differentiation

    • Human embryonic stem cells (hES)
    • Induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs)

    Types of Cell Culture - Adhesion

    • Monolayer
    • Suspended

    2D, 3D, and Organoid Cell Cultures

    • 2D cell cultures: traditional cell culture method
    • 3D cell cultures: more complex and physiologically relevant than 2D cultures
    • Organoid cell cultures: simple tissue-engineered cell-based in vitro models

    Applications of Cell Culture Technology

    • Medicine
    • Biotech
    • Pharma

    Primary vs Secondary Cell Culture

    • Primary cell cultures:
      • Derived from tissues or organs of animals
      • Finite life span
      • Take longer to grow and are sensitive to changes in the microenvironment
      • Vary greatly in their characteristics depending on the health and genetic state of the donor
    • Secondary cell culture - cell lines:
      • Initially derived from a donor animal/organ
      • Immortalized artificially or naturally
      • Faster growth
      • Well-established conditions and protocols
      • Lower cost

    Cell Culture

    • Cell culture refers to the removal of cells from an animal or plant and their subsequent growth in a favorable artificial environment.
    • Cells may be removed from the tissue directly and disaggregated by enzymatic or mechanical means before cultivation, or they may be derived from a cell line or cell strain that has already been established.

    Types of Cell Culture

    • By Origin:
      • Tissue specificity (e.g. breast cancer, kidneys, neurons)
    • By Adhesion:
      • Monolayer
      • Suspended
    • By Differentiation:
      • Differentiated
      • Stem Cells

    2D vs 3D Cell Culture

    • 2D: monolayer cell culture
    • 3D: cell culture in three-dimensional structures, such as spheroids or organoids

    Organoids

    • Simple tissue-engineered cell-based in vitro models derived from pluripotent or tissue-resident stem cells, or progenitor or differentiated cells from healthy or diseased tissues.
    • Used to create diseases to get a ‘real-life-like’ scenario.

    Primary vs Secondary Cell Culture

    • Primary cell cultures: derived from tissues or organs of animals.
    • Secondary cell cultures: derived from cell lines or cell strains that have already been established.

    Stages of Cell Culture

    • Primary cell culture:
      • Tissue sampling
      • Isolation of cells
      • Washing and purification
      • Seeding and expansion
      • Cryopreservation (cold storage)
    • Secondary cell culture: similar stages, but with the use of existing cell lines.

    Requirements for Cell Culture

    • Aseptic environment
    • Culture media
    • Incubators with CO2, temperature, and humidity control
    • Storage facility (liquid nitrogen)

    Contamination and Cell Line Authentication

    • Contamination risks: bacteria, yeasts, fungi, and other mammalian cells.
    • Cell line authentication methods:
      • Immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence
      • RT-PCR
      • Confocal microscopy
      • Karyotyping
      • Next-generation sequencing
      • Flow cytometry
      • Western blot
      • Immunohistochemistry

    Introduction to Cell Culture

    • Cell culture refers to the removal of cells from an animal or plant and their subsequent growth in a favorable artificial environment.
    • Cells may be removed from tissue directly and disaggregated by enzymatic or mechanical means before cultivation, or they may be derived from a cell line or cell strain that has already been established.

    Cell Culture vs Tissue Culture

    • "Cell culture" refers to the maintenance in vitro of disaggregated cells.
    • "Organ culture" refers to a culture of a non-disaggregated tissue.
    • "Tissue culture" encompasses both cell culture and organ culture.

    Types of Cell Culture

    • By Origin:
    • Tissue specificity (Breast cancer, Kidneys, Neurons)
    • By Adhesion:
    • Monolayer
    • Suspended
    • By Differentiation:
    • Differentiated
    • Stem Cells

    Cell Lines

    • Cell lines are not relevant material under the Human Tissue Act.
    • Storage of cell lines for research does not require a HTA licence.
    • Cell lines are subject to the Human Tissue (Quality and Safety for Human Application) Regulations 2007.
    • Research using cell lines does not require ethical review under the Human Tissue Act or NHS research governance systems.

    Application of Cell Culture Technology

    • Primary Cell culture applications:
      • Cancer research
      • Vaccine development
      • In vitro toxicology testing
      • Pharmaceutical testing

    2D and 3D Cell Culture

    • 2D cell culture: cells grow in a flat, two-dimensional structure.
    • 3D cell culture: cells grow in a three-dimensional structure, mimicking in vivo conditions.

    Organoids

    • Derived from pluripotent or tissue-resident stem cells from healthy or diseased tissues, such as tumours.
    • Used to create diseases to get a ‘real-life-like’ scenario.
    • Components of organoid cultures:
      • ECM components
      • Growth factors
      • Small molecules
      • Matrices

    Primary vs Secondary Cell Culture

    • Primary cell cultures: derived from tissues or organs of animals.
    • Secondary cell cultures: derived from primary cell cultures or cell lines.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Cell Culture - Introduction (PDF)

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser