Aircraft Landing Gear Systems
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Questions and Answers

Which component of the landing gear assembly provides support and stabilization?

  • Torque link
  • Fairing
  • Actuator
  • Shock strut/Oleo (correct)

    • What is the purpose of trunnions in the landing gear assembly?

  • To connect the landing gear to the airframe (correct)
  • To provide support to the landing gear
  • To absorb shock during landing
  • To provide directional control

    • What type of landing gear system does Figure 14 depict?

  • Fixed landing gear
  • Conventional landing gear
  • Nose landing gear
  • Retractable landing gear (correct)

    • What is the purpose of drag links in the landing gear assembly?

    <p>To resist drag forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do different manufacturers occasionally use different terms for the same landing gear components?

    <p>Due to differences in design philosophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of fairings in the landing gear assembly?

    <p>To reduce aerodynamic drag</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of component is responsible for retracting the landing gear?

    <p>Actuator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the connection between the landing gear and the airframe?

    <p>Trunnion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of shock-absorbing landing gear?

    <p>To alter and transfer shock energy throughout the airframe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of landing gear is commonly found on helicopters and sailplanes?

    <p>Rigid landing gear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of non-shock absorbing landing gear?

    <p>To transfer shock energy throughout the airframe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of landing gear is designed to soften ground contact through pilot skill?

    <p>Rigid landing gear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a shock cord in landing gear?

    <p>To absorb shock energy during landing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between shock-absorbing and non-shock absorbing landing gear?

    <p>One absorbs shock energy, the other does not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of landing gear is designed to transfer the weight of the aircraft to the ground?

    <p>Non-shock absorbing landing gear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the tyre on a glider's landing gear?

    <p>To provide some cushioning effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an actuator in a landing gear system?

    <p>To retract or extend the undercarriage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the component that connects the door activator to the gear trunion?

    <p>Attach pin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of operation is most commonly used to retract landing gear?

    <p>Hydraulic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the component that connects the scissors assy to the gear?

    <p>Drag brace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the door activator?

    <p>To open the landing gear door</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of actuator is commonly used in undercarriage systems?

    <p>Double-acting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the component that connects the gear to the door hinge?

    <p>Trunion pin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the uplock roller?

    <p>To hold the landing gear in the up position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the material used for the landing gear struts when rubber shock cord is used?

    <p>Steel tubing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the bungee cords in the shock cord landing gear system?

    <p>To take up loads and return them to the airframe at a non-damaging rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of material is used for the landing gear struts on some light aircraft?

    <p>Single tapered strips or tubes of strong spring steel or composite material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the landing gear struts during ground contact?

    <p>They flex initially and forces are transferred as they return to their original position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the spring steel undercarriage on some light aircraft?

    <p>To dissipate the energy of landing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the landing gear struts bolted to on some light aircraft?

    <p>The heavy structure of the aircraft under the cabin area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the forces generated during landing on an aircraft with spring steel undercarriage?

    <p>They are dissipated back to the airframe at a non-damaging rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of using rubber shock cord or spring steel undercarriage in landing gear systems?

    <p>Dissipation of landing energy at a non-damaging rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the landing gear in an aircraft?

    <p>To support the aircraft during ground operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of uplocks and downlocks in landing gear?

    <p>To lock the landing gear in place during flight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of a landing gear system?

    <p>Strong and reliable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the struts/oleos in landing gear?

    <p>To absorb shock and vibrations during taxiing and landing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the wheel assemblies in landing gear?

    <p>To provide support during ground operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the nose wheel steering system?

    <p>To steer the aircraft during ground operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of the brake and anti-skid system?

    <p>Reliable and efficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the mechanical systems and linkages in landing gear?

    <p>To connect and transmit forces between components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the wheel assemblies in landing gear?

    <p>To cushion the landing impact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of uplocks and downlocks in landing gear?

    <p>To retract and lock the landing gear in place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the struts/oleos in landing gear?

    <p>To absorb shock and reduce vibration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the nose wheel steering system?

    <p>To steer the nose wheel during ground operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of the brake and anti-skid system?

    <p>To prevent wheel lockup and improve braking efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the mechanical systems and linkages in landing gear?

    <p>To connect and coordinate the movement of landing gear components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the trunnions in a landing gear assembly?

    <p>To connect the landing gear to the airframe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the fairings in a landing gear assembly?

    <p>To reduce drag and improve aerodynamics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is responsible for retracting the landing gear into the aircraft?

    <p>Actuator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the shock struts/oleos in a landing gear assembly?

    <p>To absorb shock during landing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the connection between the landing gear and the airframe?

    <p>Trunnion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the torque links in a landing gear assembly?

    <p>To resist twisting forces during landing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of non-shock absorbing landing gear?

    <p>To transfer the shock energy to the airframe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of landing gear is commonly found on helicopters and sailplanes?

    <p>Non-shock absorbing landing gear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the tyre on a glider's landing gear?

    <p>To cushion the ground contact during landing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of landing gear relies on pilot skill for a soft ground contact?

    <p>Non-shock absorbing landing gear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between shock-absorbing and non-shock absorbing landing gear?

    <p>One absorbs shock energy and the other transfers it to the airframe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the spring type gear in landing gear?

    <p>To absorb the shock energy during landing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Landing Gear Assemblies

    • A landing gear assembly consists of various components designed to support and stabilize the assembly.
    • Components include actuators, trunnions, drag, torque, and side links, shock struts/Oleos, and fairings.

    Classification of Landing Gear

    • There are two basic classifications of landing gear: fixed and retractable.
    • The arrangement of the landing gear varies greatly under these classifications; they may be tricycle, tailwheel, bicycle, skids, or floats.
    • Under these arrangements, the types also differ with Shock Absorbing and Non-absorbing.

    Non-Shock Absorbing Landing Gear

    • Non-shock absorbing landing gear includes types that dissipate the energy of the aircraft contacting the ground during landing by altering and transferring the shock energy throughout the airframe at a different rate.
    • Examples include rigid landing gear, shock cord landing gear, and spring type gear.
    • Rigid landing gear is commonly found on helicopters and sailplanes, and is rigidly mounted to the aircraft with no specific component to cushion the ground contact.
    • The landing gear of a glider is often no more than a wheel and tyre mounted directly on the airframe, with the tyre providing some cushioning effect.

    Landing Gear Retraction Systems

    • Landing gear retraction systems can be described in terms of layout, operation, characteristics, and electrical and instrument interfaces.

    Brake and Anti-Skid Systems

    • Brake and anti-skid systems can be described in terms of layout, operation, characteristics, and electrical and instrument interfaces.

    Nose Wheel Steering Systems

    • Nose wheel steering systems can be described in terms of layout, operation, characteristics, and electrical and instrument interfaces.

    Components of Landing Gear

    • Wheel assemblies, struts/Oleos, and uplocks and downlocks are components of landing gear that can be described in terms of construction and operation.
    • Mechanical systems and linkages are also components of landing gear.

    Actuators

    • Actuators are used to retract or extend the undercarriage and can be operated hydraulically, pneumatically, or electrically.
    • Hydraulic operation is the most common method of retracting landing gear.

    Types of Landing Gear

    • Rigid landing gear is commonly found on helicopters and sailplanes.
    • Shock cord landing gear uses rubber shock cord to dissipate the energy of landing.
    • Spring steel undercarriage uses single tapered strips or tubes of strong spring steel or composite material to dissipate the energy of landing.

    Landing Gear Components

    • Landing gear assemblies consist of various components designed to support and stabilise the assembly
    • Components include:
      • Actuators
      • Trunnions
      • Drag, torque, and side links
      • Shock struts/Oleos
      • Fairings

    Classification of Landing Gear

    • Two basic classifications of landing gear: fixed or retractable
    • Arrangement of landing gear varies greatly under these classifications, including:
      • Tricycle
      • Tailwheel
      • Bicycle
      • Skids
      • Floats

    Non-Shock Absorbing Landing Gear

    • Includes types of landing gear that dissipate energy of aircraft contacting the ground during landing by altering and transferring shock energy throughout the airframe
    • Types include:
      • Rigid landing gear (commonly found on helicopters and sailplanes)
      • Shock cord landing gear
      • Spring type gear

    Rigid Landing Gear

    • Rigidly mounted to the aircraft with no specific component to cushion the ground contact
    • Examples include:
      • Landing gear skid of a helicopter
      • Landing gear of a glider (often just a wheel and tyre mounted directly on the airframe)

    Landing Gear Systems

    • Retraction systems:
      • Layout
      • Operation
      • Characteristics
      • Electrical and instrument interfaces
    • Brake and anti-skid systems:
      • Components construction and operation
      • Layout
      • Operation
      • Characteristics
      • Electrical and instrument interfaces
    • Nose wheel steering systems:
      • Components operation and construction
      • Layout
      • Operation
      • Characteristics
      • Electrical and instrument interfaces
    • Wheel assemblies:
      • Construction and operation
    • Struts/oleos and uplocks and downlocks:
      • Construction and operation
    • Mechanical systems and linkages:
      • Description

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    Description

    Learn about the components and classifications of landing gear assemblies, including fixed and retractable types, and their various arrangements.

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