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Questions and Answers
What is the minimum oxygen level in the air that requires the use of full PPE and SCBA?
What is the primary responsibility of the first arriving apparatus?
What should other apparatus do unless called to the incident by the Incident Commander?
What is the minimum pressure of a transmission natural gas line?
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Why is it important to note that natural gas within most transmission lines is not odourized?
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What is the maximum level of explosive/combustible vapours that TFS personnel can enter an area?
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What should the Incident Commander direct personnel to do immediately after rescuing affected persons?
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What is the primary responsibility of the Incident Commander in regards to the 65 mm hose line?
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Who should perform complicated rescue/recovery of persons trapped inside maintenance holes, sewers, vaults, excavations, etc.?
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What is the recommended distance to evacuate the outdoor area of all civilians and unnecessary emergency response personnel and apparatus for large natural gas/methane leaks or fires?
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What should be done to prevent unauthorized entry into the evacuation area?
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Who should be notified immediately upon first indication that natural gas is involved in an incident?
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What should personnel do to control sources of potential ignition of escaping natural gas?
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How should personnel ensure safe dispersion of natural gas vapours?
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What should be done to prevent natural gas from entering neighbouring buildings?
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What should be used to check for the presence of natural gas/methane in neighbouring buildings?
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Who should be directed to report to the Incident Commander upon their arrival?
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What should personnel do with enquiries from the media about the natural gas emergency?
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Study Notes
Mandatory Use of Full Personal Protective Equipment and SCBA
- Full PPE and SCBA must be worn and activated before entering or operating in areas with 20% or less oxygen levels or suspected high levels of natural gas/methane.
- Air monitoring equipment readings below 20% O2 require full PPE and SCBA.
First Arrive Apparatus
- First arriving apparatus should confirm wind direction and speed while en route to ensure an upwind approach.
- All incoming apparatus except the first arriving apparatus should remain at a safe distance away unless called to the incident by the Incident Commander.
- A 65 mm hose line should be deployed and charged once personnel are brought forward.
Natural Gas Lines Classification
- Transmission lines: 6,205 - 9,929 kPa (up to 122 cm/leaking sounds like a jet engine)
- Distribution lines: 1,207 - 3,448 kPa
- Service lines:
- Industrial: up to 450 kPa
- Commercial/Institutional: 1.7 - 140 kPa
- Residential: 1.7 kPa
- Natural gas in transmission lines is often not odourized.
No Entry Natural Gas Level for TFS Personnel
- Personnel should not enter areas with explosive/combustible vapours present at 50% of the LEL or more.
Rescue and Evacuation of Persons
- Rescue, decontaminate, and treat affected persons immediately.
- Request Toronto EMS if not already on scene.
- Qualified TFS Confined Space Rescue Technicians should perform complicated rescue/recovery operations.
- Evacuate the building and surrounding area of all persons and unnecessary emergency response personnel and apparatus for 50 m - 100 m in all directions.
- Consider distances up to 800 m downwind for large natural gas/methane leaks or fires.
Notification of Enbridge Gas Distribution
- Notify Enbridge Gas Distribution immediately upon indication of natural gas involvement.
- Enbridge Gas Distribution representatives should report to the Incident Commander upon arrival.
- Report any observations of damage and/or temporary repair to the Enbridge Gas Distribution representative.
- Direct media enquiries to Enbridge Gas Distribution officials.
Prevention of Natural Gas Fires/Explosions
- Control sources of potential ignition by:
- Shutting off open flame appliances and fuel supply valves.
- Not operating electrical switch equipment.
- Avoiding static electricity sparks.
- Extinguishing open flames and pilot lights.
- Prohibiting smoking in the area.
- Placing fire apparatus upwind.
- Shutting off vehicle engines.
- Not allowing operation of electrical or fuel-operated equipment.
- Ensure safe dispersion of natural gas vapours by natural ventilation, fog streams, or intrinsically safe mechanical ventilation.
- Close windows and doors of neighbouring buildings to prevent natural gas entry.
- Check interior levels of neighbouring buildings, including basements and outside areas, for natural gas presence using explosive/combustible gas monitoring instruments.
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