Emergency Response and Evacuation

Emergency Response and Evacuation

• In the event of an emergency, employers must ensure that employees can move to a safe place to protect themselves from adverse effects.
• Employers specify evacuation arrangements in the emergency plan and provide instructions to employees in advance.
• If there are elderly, disabled, pregnant, or nursery workers, measures must be taken to accompany them during evacuation.

Fire Fighting and Emergency Teams

• Employers must establish emergency response and evacuation methods, considering the Regulation on Fire Protection of Buildings.
• In workplaces with 30, 40, or 50 employees, employers must assign support staff for fire fighting, search, rescue, and evacuation.
• Emergency teams must receive news of a fire, move to the scene, and take necessary measures to prevent the fire from expanding and extinguish it.
• The teams are responsible for rescuing people, documents, and valuable items, and providing first aid.

Employer Obligations

• Employers must take into account the size of the workplace, special hazards, and nature of work to prevent, protect, evacuate, and provide first aid.
• Employers must assign trained employees and ensure they are available at all times.

Emergency Situations in Workplaces

• Employers must identify potential emergency situations in the workplace, considering risk assessment results, fire, chemical spills, natural disasters, and sabotage.
• Employers must inform all employees about emergency plans and assigned personnel.

Training and Responsibility

• Newly recruited employees must receive emergency situation information and training.
• Employees assigned to emergency matters must be specially trained and responsible for their activities.
• Trainings provided by occupational safety specialists or physicians must be documented.

Fire Fighting and Safety

Regulation on Fire Protection of Buildings

• The type, quantity, and placement of fire extinguishing equipment are determined by the type of fire and materials present in the building.
• All equipment must be certified and designed, installed, and operated in a safe and reliable manner.
• The competent authority checks and approves the design and implementation of extinguishing systems.
• Periodic control, testing, and maintenance of systems are carried out by the building owner, manager, or their authorized representative.

Extinguishing Fire

• Type A fires (solid fires): use water or aqueous solutions, chemical dry powder, or foam extinguishers to cool and extinguish the fire.
• Type B fires (liquid fires): use CO2 or foam extinguishers to cover or suffocate the fire.
• Type C fires (gas fires): use CO2, dry chemical powder, or stop the gas flow; if not possible, cool the surrounding areas and surfaces with water.

Techniques for Extinguishing Fire

• Eliminate combustible material: remove paper, boards, etc., and close gas valves.
• Cut off oxygen supply: use dry extinguishing materials, foam, water, or suffocating gases.
• Cool the burning object: use water, CO2, or other cooling methods to reduce the temperature below the ignition point.

Prevention of Fire Spread

• Confine the fire to a narrow area by creating an intermediate space or separating combustible materials from the heat source.
• Use techniques such as eliminating combustible materials, separating materials from heat, and creating an intermediate space to prevent fire spread.

Fire Extinguishing Principles

• Fire extinguishing is based on removing oxygen, combustible material, or heat from the fire.
• Know the type of fire to extinguish it effectively.
• Extinguishing techniques include eliminating flammable material, cutting off oxygen supply, and cooling the burning object.