WK 3: Thermoregulation

What is the term for the ability of humans and other mammals to maintain a constant body temperature?

Homeothermy

What is the main function of sweat glands in relation to body fluid and temperature homeostasis?

To evaporate water and cool the body

What is the primary source of heat generation in neonates?

Brown fat

What is the term for the regulation of body fluid balances in the face of high temperatures and lack of fluid intake?

Thermoregulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate of increase in core temperature if excess heat is not dissipated?

1 oC every 10 min Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following animals is an example of a poikilothermic organism?

Reptile Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the regulation of the concentration of solutes in bodily fluids?

Osmolality Signup and view all the answers

What determines heat loss or gain from the environment?

Radiation, Conduction, and Convection Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which sweat glands help to maintain body temperature homeostasis?

Evaporation of sweat Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum duration of exercise without heat dissipation?

30 min Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum core temperature that can be tolerated during exercise?

40 oC Signup and view all the answers

How do some animals liberate excess heat?

By radiation of heat following dilation of cutaneous blood vessels Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of sweat glands in thermoregulation?

To produce sweat for evaporative cooling Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of heat gain from the environment?

Increased body temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary means of heat loss during exercise in humans?

Evaporative heat loss from sweating Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of apoeccrine sweat glands in humans?

To regulate body temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the increase in temperature set-point as a result of an infection?

Pyrogenic hyperthermia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of cutaneous vasodilatation in humans?

To increase blood flow to the skin, allowing for heat loss Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of heat loss in kangaroos?

Evaporative heat loss from licking forearms Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the preoptic anterior hypothalamus in thermoregulation?

To detect changes in core temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of cardiac output that skin blood flow is in normothermic conditions?

5% Signup and view all the answers

Where is residual brown fat primarily located in adults?

Under the shoulder blades Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of variation in core body temperature during the day?

±1 oC Signup and view all the answers

How does the basal metabolic rate (BMR) change with age?

It decreases Signup and view all the answers

What happens to body temperature during ovulation in women?

It increases by 0.15-0.45 oC Signup and view all the answers

How does energy expenditure change during moderate exercise?

It increases to approximately 600 kcal/h Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate energy expenditure at rest?

80 kcal/h Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor contributing to heat production during exercise?

Active skeletal muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate increase in energy expenditure from rest to moderate exercise?

600 kcal/h Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of heat production in adults?

Skeletal muscle Signup and view all the answers