Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes an embedded system from a general computing system?
What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes an embedded system from a general computing system?
Which of the following industries primarily employs Embedded Systems for Automatic Navigation Systems?
Which of the following industries primarily employs Embedded Systems for Automatic Navigation Systems?
What is the key factor in selecting a general computing system?
What is the key factor in selecting a general computing system?
What is the primary purpose of Data Collection/Storage/Representation in Embedded Systems?
What is the primary purpose of Data Collection/Storage/Representation in Embedded Systems?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an embedded system?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an embedded system?
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Which of the following is an example of a Data Communication Embedded System?
Which of the following is an example of a Data Communication Embedded System?
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What is the primary advantage of a general computing system?
What is the primary advantage of a general computing system?
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What is the primary function of Embedded Systems used for monitoring purposes?
What is the primary function of Embedded Systems used for monitoring purposes?
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Which of the following is an example of a major application area of embedded systems?
Which of the following is an example of a major application area of embedded systems?
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Which of the following is an application of Embedded Systems with Signal Processing functionalities?
Which of the following is an application of Embedded Systems with Signal Processing functionalities?
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Study Notes
Embedded Systems Definition and Characteristics
- An Embedded System is an Electronic/Electromechanical system designed to perform a specific function, combining hardware and firmware (Software).
- Examples: Electronic Toys, Mobile Handsets, Washing Machines, Air Conditioners, DVD Player, etc.
Embedded System vs General Computing System
- General Computing System: combines generic hardware and General-Purpose Operating System (GPOS) for executing a variety of applications.
- Embedded System: combines special purpose hardware and embedded OS for executing a specific set of applications.
- Key differences: alterability of applications, performance, and selection criteria.
Major Application Areas of Embedded Systems
- Consumer Electronics: Camcorders, Cameras, etc.
- Household Appliances: Television, DVD players, washing machine, Fridge, Microwave Oven, etc.
- Home Automation and Security Systems: Air conditioners, sprinklers, Intruder detection alarms, Closed Circuit Television Cameras, Fire alarms, etc.
- Automotive Industry: Anti-lock braking systems (ABS), Engine Control, Ignition Systems, Automatic Navigation Systems, etc.
- Telecom: Cellular Telephones, Telephone switches, Handset Multimedia Applications, etc.
- Computer Peripherals: Printers, Scanners, Fax machines, etc.
- Computer Networking Systems: Network Routers, Switches, Hubs, Firewalls, etc.
- Health Care: Different Kinds of Scanners, EEG, ECG Machines, etc.
- Measurement & Instrumentation: Digital multi meters, Digital CROS, Logic Analyzers PLC systems, etc.
- Banking & Retail: Automatic Teller Machines (ATM) and Currency counters, Point of Sales (POS), Card Readers, etc.
Purpose of Embedded Systems
- Designed to serve one or a combination of the following tasks:
- Data Collection/Storage/Representation
- Data Communication
- Data (Signal) Processing
- Monitoring
- Control
- Application Specific User Interface
Data Collection/Storage/Representation
- Collected data can be either analog or digital.
- Data collection is done for storage, analysis, manipulation, and transmission.
- Collected data may be stored directly, transmitted, processed, or deleted instantly.
Data Communication
- Embedded data communication systems are deployed in applications ranging from complex satellite communication systems to simple home networking systems.
- Data communication can be wired (Ethernet) or wireless (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth).
- Network hubs, Routers, switches, Modems, etc. are typical examples for dedicated data transmission embedded systems.
Data (Signal) Processing
- Embedded systems with Signal processing functionalities are employed in applications demanding signal processing.
- Examples: Speech coding, Speech synthesis, Audio video codec, Data transmission applications.
- Employs Digital Signal Processors (DSPs).
Monitoring
- Embedded systems specifically designed for monitoring purposes.
- Used for determining the state of some variables using input sensors.
- Cannot impose control over variables.
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Description
Learn about embedded systems, their definition, characteristics and examples, and how they differ from general computing systems.
