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Questions and Answers

Which artery is not mentioned in relation to the maxillary sinus?

  • Facial artery
  • Incisal artery
  • Inferior alveolar artery (correct)
  • Vertebral artery

    • What is the location of the alveolar ridge of the upper jaw?

  • Part of the hard palate (correct)
  • Inferior wall of the maxillary sinus
  • Upper nasal passage
  • Roof of the nasal cavity

    • What is a common cause of a clear filling defect in the X-ray contrast agent in the paranasal sinuses?

  • Catarrh of the mucosa (correct)
  • Cyst
  • Polyposis
  • Hyperplastic mucosa thickening

    • Where is the maxillary sinus puncture performed?

    <p>Through the lower nasal passage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What borders the upper wall of the maxillary sinus?

    <p>Eye socket</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is not used in the diagnosis of purulent sinusitis?

    <p>Salpingoscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the segment of the left pulmonary lobule that is located below?

    <p>Lower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the most common non-malignant tumor?

    <p>Hemangioma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what main projections are bone radiography performed?

    <p>Anterolateral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What pathological processes cause kidney size to decrease?

    <p>Wrinkling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which joints is rheumatoid arthritis localized?

    <p>Large joints of the limbs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what units will the absorbed dose in the patient's body be measured?

    <p>Grays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which organs do radioactive rays accumulate more?

    <p>Upper limb bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what cases is a split course of radiation therapy prescribed?

    <p>For weakened patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the parameters characterizing the contractile activity of the uterus?

    <p>Basal tone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common form of labor anomalies?

    <p>Pathological preliminary period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not a reason for primary weakness of labor?

    <p>Fetal hypoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of secondary weakness of labor?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not typical for the pathological preliminary period?

    <p>Smoothing of the cervix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In case of poisoning by which of the following drugs is it advisable to perform a blood replacement operation?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preliminary diagnosis for a woman complaining of irregular cramping pains in the lower abdomen for 9 hours?

    <p>Pathological preliminary period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a diagnostic criterion for the weakness of labor?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of chronic sinusitis is diagnosed primarily in young children?

    <p>Catarrhal-edematous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a complication of the weakness of labor?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is most important for endonasal maxillary sinusotomy?

    <p>Removal of abnormal sinus contents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is most important in the operation to restore the sense of smell?

    <p>Restoration of patency of the olfactory area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many sinuses did the man develop?

    <p>Maxillary, frontal, sphenoid, maze</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main physiological role of the sphenoid sinus?

    <p>Resonators are in their cavities is amplified part harmonics arising in the throat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    On the upper wall of the sphenoid sinus is located?

    <p>Pituitary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is no wall of the frontal sinus:

    <p>Rear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is characterized by chronic diffuse inflammation of the bronchial mucosa?

    <p>Bronchitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sport is least likely to cause physical stress in asthma?

    <p>Swimming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common causative agent of nosocomial pneumonia in elderly patients?

    <p>Klebsiella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main symptom of chronic bronchitis with damage to the mucous membrane of small bronchi?

    <p>Shortness of breath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is associated with the occurrence of respiratory failure in chronic bronchitis with damage to the small bronchi?

    <p>1 and 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characterized by first dry and then wet cough in acute bronchitis?

    <p>1, 2, 3, and 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is related to oxygen?

    <p>HB oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following indicators decreases in bronchial asthma?

    <p>Vital capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Uterus and Labor

    • Parameters of contractile activity of the uterus: basal tone, intensity, contraction frequency
    • Most common form of labor anomalies: pathological preliminary period
    • Reasons for primary weakness of labor: fetal hypoxia, infection and intoxication, organic diseases of the central nervous system, abnormalities in the development of the uterus
    • Reasons for secondary weakness of labor: clinically narrow pelvis, incorrect head insertions, stiffness of the cervix
    • Diagnostic criteria for the weakness of labor: infrequent, satisfactory strength or frequent but weak and short contractions, slower rate of opening of the uterine pharynx, slow advancement of the presenting part
    • Complications of the weakness of labor: intrauterine fetal hypoxia, untimely discharge of amniotic fluid, hypotonic bleeding

    Sinus and Nasal Cavity

    • Sphenoid sinus: main physiological role is to resonate amplified part harmonics arising in the throat
    • Location of important structures: pituitary (upper wall of the sphenoid sinus), cavernous venous sinus (outer wall of the sphenoid sinus), internal carotid artery, oculomotor nerve, first branch of the trigeminal nerve (outer wall of the sphenoid sinus)
    • Inferior wall of the maxillary sinus education: alveolar ridge of the upper jaw and part of the hard palate
    • X-ray contrast agent in the paranasal sinuses: catarrh of the mucosa, hyperplastic mucosa thickening, cyst, polyposis
    • Puncture of the maxillary sinus: through the lower nasal passage
    • Upper wall of the maxillary sinus borders: with eye socket

    Pulmonary and Respiratory System

    • 4-segment pulmonary lobule: external (posterior-external), lower-inner, internal (front-external), lower-outer
    • 5-segment left pulmonary lobule: lower, top, back, infero-posterior, internal (front-external)
    • 5-segment pulmonary lobule: internal (front-external), external, lower-inner, lower-outer, infero-posterior
    • 6-segment of the right pulmonary lobe: upper (lower lobule), back, infero-posterior, top
    • 7-segment of the right pulmonary lobe: anterior-internal, infero-posterior, back, lower-outer
    • Most common non-malignant tumor: hemangioma
    • Pathological processes that cause kidney size to decrease: wrinkling, hydronephrosis
    • Units of measurement for absorbed dose in the patient's body: X-rays, radach, grays, ampere/kg

    Other

    • Sport that causes physical stress in asthma: swimming
    • Main symptom of chronic bronchitis with damage to the mucous membrane of small bronchi: shortness of breath
    • The most common causative agent of nosocomial pneumonia in elderly patients: Klebsiella
    • Indicator of hospital-acquired pneumonia in elderly patients: Klebsiella
    • Main symptom of chronic bronchitis with damage to the mucous membrane of small bronchi: shortness of breath
    • Occurrence of respiratory failure in chronic bronchitis with damage to the small (membranous) bronchi: bronchospasm, inflammation of the bronchial mucosa and impaired mucociliary transport, obliteration of the lumen of the small bronchi and flap syndrome
    • Acute bronchitis, accompanied by damage to the mucous membrane of the small bronchi, is characterized by: first dry and then wet cough, moderate symptoms of intoxication, shortness of breath, heavy breathing, often with one dry wheeze

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