GENE FREQUENCY
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What term best describes the proportion of loci in a population that contain a particular allele?

  • Genotypic frequency
  • Mutation rate
  • Phenotypic frequency
  • Allele frequency (correct)

    • Which phenomenon causes a change in gene frequency due to chance and cannot be controlled in direction?

  • Migration
  • Selection
  • Mutation
  • Genetic drift (correct)

    • How does the size of a population affect the amount of genetic drift?

  • Larger populations lead to more genetic drift (correct)
  • Smaller populations lead to more genetic drift
  • Genetic drift only occurs in medium-sized populations
  • Population size has no effect on genetic drift

    • What is the process of bringing new breeding stock into a population known as?

    <p>Migration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method can be used to achieve direct changes in gene frequency for genetic improvement?

    <p>Selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the frequency with which a particular genotype occurs in a population?

    <p>Genotypic frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two different forms of haemoglobin in sheep?

    <p>HbA and HbB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three different possible genotypes resulting from alleles A and B?

    <p>AA, AB, BB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency of the A gene in the population?

    <p>0.6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mathematical model is used to calculate gene frequencies in real populations after one generation of random mating?

    <p>Hardy-Weinberg Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does random mating in a population for a certain character mean?

    <p>Mating without considering genotype for that trait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is the concept of random mating relevant in species where breeding is largely under human control?

    <p>No, random mating does not occur in controlled breeding situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency of the white gene allele in the population?

    <p>0.2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the frequency of the black gene allele calculated in the given population?

    <p>By dividing the total black genes by twice the number of birds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can't frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles be determined through gene counting?

    <p>Because dominant homozygotes and heterozygotes look the same</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in calculating the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles?

    <p>Counting individuals expressing the recessive trait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which formula is used to calculate the frequency of the white gene allele?

    <p>(1 - p)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a population of 200 individuals, if 40 exhibit a recessive trait, what will be the decimal fraction representing this count?

    <p>0.25</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between natural selection and artificial selection?

    <p>Natural selection is based on the suitability of animals to be parents, while artificial selection is controlled by humans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'gene pool' refer to in population genetics?

    <p>The set of genetic information carried by all interbreeding members of a population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can allele frequencies not always be directly measured in a population?

    <p>Because only phenotypes can be observed, not genotypes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is population defined in the context of breeding and genetics?

    <p>The genetic composition of all individuals in a breed or species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary basis for natural selection?

    <p>The fact that some animals are more suited and have more natural opportunity to be parents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does population genetics specifically focus on?

    <p>The genetic composition and gene frequencies within a population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency of homozygotes in the ideal Hardy-Weinberg population if the relevant gene frequency is represented by p?

    <p>$p^2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of heterozygotes if the gene frequencies are represented by p and q?

    <p>$2pq$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What represents the sum of the frequencies of the two alleles in an ideal Hardy-Weinberg population?

    <p>$p + q = 1$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability that a homozygously recessive individual will result in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

    <p>$q^2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If p represents the frequency of the dominant allele in gametes, what is the probability that both sperm and egg will contain this allele?

    <p>$p^2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an ideal Hardy-Weinberg population, what represents the chance that gametes will carry unlike alleles?

    <p>$(p x q) + (p x q)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

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